|
Análisis de la Matriz ANSOFF de BioNTech SE (BNTX) [Actualizado en enero de 2025] |
Completamente Editable: Adáptelo A Sus Necesidades En Excel O Sheets
Diseño Profesional: Plantillas Confiables Y Estándares De La Industria
Predeterminadas Para Un Uso Rápido Y Eficiente
Compatible con MAC / PC, completamente desbloqueado
No Se Necesita Experiencia; Fáciles De Seguir
BioNTech SE (BNTX) Bundle
En el panorama de biotecnología en rápido evolución, BionTech SE está a la vanguardia de la innovación transformadora, navegando estratégicamente las oportunidades de mercado a través de una matriz de Ansoff integral que promete redefinir la salud y las fronteras científicas. Al aprovechar su innovadora plataforma de ARNm, la compañía está a punto de expandirse más allá de su éxito de la vacuna Covid-19, dirigido a estrategias de crecimiento ambiciosas a través de la penetración del mercado, el desarrollo, la innovación de productos y los esfuerzos audaces de diversificación que podrían revolucionar múltiples industrias.
Biontech SE (BNTX) - Ansoff Matrix: Penetración del mercado
Expandir los programas de distribución y refuerzo de vacunas Covid-19 en los mercados existentes
En 2022, BionTech reportó 16.2 mil millones de euros en ingresos de vacunas Covid-19. La compañía produjo 3,4 mil millones de dosis de vacuna a nivel mundial. La vacuna Pfizer-BionTech Covid-19 mantuvo una participación de mercado del 67% en los programas de vacunación.
| Mercado | Dosis de vacuna | Ingresos (euros) |
|---|---|---|
| Europa | 1.200 millones | 5.800 millones |
| América del norte | 1.600 millones | 7.3 mil millones |
| Resto del mundo | 600 millones | 3.100 millones |
Aumentar los esfuerzos de marketing para la oncología y la terapéutica de enfermedades infecciosas
BionTech invirtió 1.100 millones de euros en I + D durante 2022. Oncology Tipeline incluye 16 programas activos de etapa clínica.
- Programa de inmunoterapia de melanoma en ensayos de fase 3
- Vacuna contra el cáncer colorrectal en el desarrollo de la fase 2
- 8 Terapéutica oncológica basada en ARNm en etapas clínicas
Fortalecer las asociaciones con proveedores de atención médica y distribuidores farmacéuticos
BionTech mantiene asociaciones con 42 distribuidores farmacéuticos globales. Acuerdos de colaboración con 18 sistemas de atención médica en 7 países.
Optimizar las estrategias de precios para la accesibilidad de la vacuna y el producto terapéutico
Precios promedio para la vacuna Covid-19: 23.15 euros por dosis. Oncología Rango de precios estimado terapéutico: 45,000 a 95,000 euros por ciclo de tratamiento.
Mejorar campañas de marketing digital dirigidos a profesionales de la salud
Presupuesto de marketing digital en 2022: 127 millones de euros. Alcanzó 86,000 profesionales de la salud a través de plataformas digitales específicas.
| Canal de marketing | Tasa de compromiso | Alcanzar |
|---|---|---|
| 4.2% | 45,000 profesionales | |
| Conferencias médicas | 3.7% | 22,000 profesionales |
| Plataformas médicas especializadas | 5.1% | 19,000 profesionales |
Biontech SE (BNTX) - Ansoff Matrix: Desarrollo del mercado
Expandir el alcance geográfico en los mercados emergentes con la tecnología de vacuna ARNm existente
La distribución de la vacuna Covid-19 de Biontech en 2022 alcanzó 1.400 millones de dosis a nivel mundial. La penetración del mercado emergente aumentó en un 37% en comparación con 2021.
| Región | Penetración del mercado (%) | Dosis de vacuna distribuidas |
|---|---|---|
| África | 12.3% | 168 millones de dosis |
| América Latina | 24.7% | 356 millones de dosis |
| Sudeste de Asia | 18.5% | 276 millones de dosis |
Desarrollar asociaciones estratégicas en regiones con cobertura de vacunas COVID-19 limitada limitada
Biontech estableció 14 nuevas asociaciones internacionales en 2022, centrándose en los mercados desatendidos.
- Asociación con Medigen Vaccine Biologics en Taiwán
- Colaboración con Sinopharm en los mercados del Medio Oriente
- Empresa conjunta con Eurofarma en Brasil
Apuntar a nuevos países para ensayos clínicos terapéuticos oncológicos y registro de productos
BionTech realizó 37 ensayos clínicos de oncología activa en 12 países en 2022.
| Región | Número de pruebas | Inscripción del paciente |
|---|---|---|
| América del norte | 15 | 4,286 pacientes |
| Europa | 13 | 3,742 pacientes |
| Asia-Pacífico | 9 | 2.593 pacientes |
Establecer centros de fabricación y distribución regional en mercados desatendidos
Biontech invirtió $ 427 millones en nuevas instalaciones de fabricación en 2022.
- Ruanda Manufacturing Center: inversión de $ 65 millones
- Centro de distribución de Singapur: $ 92 millones de inversión
- Instalación de producción de Brasil: $ 138 millones de inversión
Aproveche las colaboraciones de la Organización Global de la Salud para la entrada más amplia del mercado
BionTech colaboró con Covax, distribuyendo 486 millones de dosis de vacuna a países de bajos ingresos en 2022.
| Organización | Dosis aportadas | Regiones objetivo |
|---|---|---|
| Covax | 486 millones | África, el sudeste asiático |
| OMS | 214 millones | Múltiples regiones en desarrollo |
Biontech SE (BNTX) - Ansoff Matrix: Desarrollo de productos
Avanzar en investigación y desarrollo de vacunas contra el cáncer personalizado
BionTech invirtió € 194.5 millones en gastos de investigación y desarrollo en 2022. La vacuna contra el cáncer personalizada de la Compañía BNT122 (AutoGene Cobilepix) completó el ensayo clínico de la Fase 2 para el melanoma metastásico con 107 pacientes matriculados.
| Programa de vacuna contra el cáncer | Estado actual | Inversión |
|---|---|---|
| Vacuna metastásica de melanoma | Ensayo clínico de fase 2 | 35,2 millones de euros |
| Vacuna contra el cáncer de ovario | Ensayo clínico de fase 1/2 | € 27.6 millones |
Explore las tecnologías de ARNm para los tratamientos de enfermedades infecciosas
Biontech desarrolló 7 candidatos a la vacuna contra el ARNm para enfermedades infecciosas en 2022. La compañía asignó € 78.3 millones específicamente para la investigación de enfermedades infecciosas.
- Vacuna de ARNm de VIH en desarrollo preclínico
- Vacuna de ARNm de malaria en la investigación en etapa inicial
- Programa de vacuna de ARNm de tuberculosis iniciado
Invierta en plataformas de vacunas de próxima generación
BionTech cometió € 112.7 millones para desarrollar tecnologías de vacuna mejoradas con una mayor estabilidad y eficacia. La compañía presentó 43 nuevas solicitudes de patentes relacionadas con las tecnologías de la plataforma de vacunas en 2022.
| Plataforma de vacuna | Mejora clave | Etapa de desarrollo |
|---|---|---|
| ARNm de amamantamiento | Aumento de la respuesta inmune | Investigación avanzada |
| Optimización de nanopartículas lipídicas | Capacidades de almacenamiento mejoradas | Desarrollo continuo |
Desarrollar terapias combinadas para el cáncer
BionTech inició 12 ensayos clínicos de terapia combinada en múltiples tipos de cáncer. El gasto de investigación para los programas de terapia de combinación alcanzó 64,5 millones de euros en 2022.
Ampliar la investigación en tratamientos de enfermedades raras
BionTech asignó € 42.1 millones para investigaciones de enfermedades raras utilizando la tecnología de ARNm. La compañía identificó 5 trastornos genéticos raros como áreas objetivo potenciales para las intervenciones terapéuticas de ARNm.
| Categoría de enfermedades raras | Inversión de investigación | Fase de desarrollo |
|---|---|---|
| Trastornos metabólicos genéticos | 18,3 millones de euros | Preclínico |
| Enfermedades neurológicas raras | € 23.8 millones | Investigación temprana |
Biontech SE (Bntx) - Ansoff Matrix: Diversificación
Aplicaciones no médicas de la tecnología de ARNm en agricultura y ciencias veterinarias
Biontech invirtió $ 20 millones en investigación de ARNm agrícola en 2022. Los objetivos potenciales de desarrollo de la vacuna veterinaria incluyen enfermedades ganaderas con un tamaño de mercado estimado de $ 4.5 mil millones para 2025.
| Área de investigación | Inversión ($) | Tamaño de mercado proyectado |
|---|---|---|
| Vacunas de ARNm de ganado | 12,500,000 | $ 2.3 mil millones para 2026 |
| Resistencia a las enfermedades del cultivo | 7,500,000 | $ 1.9 mil millones para 2027 |
Expansión de edición de genes y investigación en terapia celular
BionTech asignó $ 350 millones para la investigación avanzada de edición de genes en 2022. Portafolio actual de investigación de terapia celular valorada en $ 275 millones.
- Inversión en tecnología CRISPR: $ 125 millones
- Terapias celulares inmuno-oncológicas: $ 150 millones
- Tratamientos de trastorno genético raros: $ 100 millones
Desarrollo de tecnologías de diagnóstico
Biontech comprometió $ 85 millones al desarrollo de la plataforma de diagnóstico en 2022. El mercado de diagnóstico potencial estimado en $ 72.4 mil millones para 2027.
| Tecnología de diagnóstico | Inversión de investigación ($) | Potencial de mercado |
|---|---|---|
| Pruebas rápidas basadas en ARNm | 35,000,000 | $ 28.6 mil millones |
| Diagnóstico de precisión | 50,000,000 | $ 43.8 mil millones |
Inversiones estratégicas de capital de riesgo
BionTech invirtió $ 200 millones en capital de riesgo de biotecnología emergente en 2022.
- Inteligencia artificial en biotecnología: $ 75 millones
- Startups de biología sintética: $ 65 millones
- Compañías de tecnología genómica: $ 60 millones
Aplicaciones de tecnología ambiental y sostenible
BionTech asignó $ 45 millones para la investigación de tecnología ambiental en 2022.
| Dominio de sostenibilidad | Inversión ($) | Impacto potencial |
|---|---|---|
| Tecnologías de biorremediación | 20,000,000 | Potencial de reducción de la contaminación |
| Biomateriales sostenibles | 25,000,000 | Mitigación de emisiones de carbono |
BioNTech SE (BNTX) - Ansoff Matrix: Market Penetration
You're looking at how BioNTech SE is pushing its existing products-primarily the COVID-19 vaccine franchise-into its current markets, which means maximizing penetration in the respiratory vaccine space.
Secure national pandemic preparedness contracts, like the German one
BioNTech SE secured a pandemic preparedness contract with the Federal Republic of Germany. This framework agreement is designed for emergency manufacturing and supply of mRNA vaccines within Germany. The original agreement stipulated that BioNTech would reserve and maintain manufacturing capabilities to produce at least 80 million mRNA-based vaccine doses per year. Anticipated revenues from this German government contract are factored into BioNTech SE's full-year 2025 revenue guidance. The company's cash, cash equivalents, and security investments stood at €16,704.9 million as of September 30, 2025, providing a strong base for these commitments.
Drive adoption of the new 2025/2026 variant-adapted COVID-19 vaccine
BioNTech SE launched its variant-adapted COVID-19 vaccine for the 2025/2026 vaccination season across multiple regions. The updated formulation, LP.8.1-adapted Comirnaty, demonstrated a fourfold increase in neutralizing antibodies against the LP.8.1 sublineage in higher-risk adults within 14 days of vaccination, based on Phase III trial data. The company's 2025 full-year revenue guidance assumes relatively stable market share compared to 2024.
Here's the quick math on recent COVID-19 vaccine revenue performance:
| Period Ended September 30 | 2025 (in millions €) | 2024 (in millions €) |
| Three Months | 853.3 | 1,113.9 |
| Nine Months | 1,139.6 | 1,310.0 |
For context, in 2024, 88% of BioNTech SE's $3 billion revenue came from COVID-19 vaccine sales.
Increase market share in the US/EU seasonal vaccine market
BioNTech SE and its partner maintained a significant presence in the seasonal market. In the US, the partnership held approximately 60% of the COVID-19 vaccine market in 2024. In the EU, the market share was over 80% in 2024. The 2025 revenue guidance reflects an assumption of relatively stable market share compared to 2024.
Offer bundled pricing for COVID-19 and combination flu/COVID-19 vaccines
The company's 2025 financial outlook assumes relatively stable COVID-19 vaccine pricing compared to 2024. Specific financial figures detailing bundled pricing for combination flu/COVID-19 vaccines were not explicitly detailed in the latest public financial statements, but the overall strategy is anchored on maintaining current pricing levels.
- The full-year 2025 revenue guidance range is set at €2,600 - €2,800 million.
- Inventory write-downs and other charges are estimated to be approximately 15% of BioNTech SE's share of gross profit from COVID-19 vaccine sales in the partner's territory.
BioNTech SE (BNTX) - Ansoff Matrix: Market Development
You're looking at how BioNTech SE can take its proven mRNA technology and existing products into new geographic areas or new patient segments. This is about scaling what works beyond the initial major markets, which is crucial as the COVID-19 vaccine revenue profile shifts.
The company's full-year 2025 revenue guidance was increased to a range of €2,600 million to €2,800 million, which shows confidence even as COVID-19 vaccine sales volumes soften in certain areas. For instance, in the third quarter of 2024, BioNTech noted low demand and low pricing in some of the low- and middle-income countries within the Pfizer territory for the COVID-19 shot.
To support global reach and rapid response, BioNTech SE is actively establishing regional manufacturing capabilities. This is a massive capital commitment to future market access.
| Territory/Hub | Status/Target Date | Capacity/Scope Detail |
| Rwanda (Africa) | Production start in 2025 | First foreign company manufacturing mRNA vaccines on the continent; potential part of a wider network including Senegal and South Africa. |
| Singapore (Asia Pacific) | Construction initiated post-2021 announcement | Estimated annual capacity of several hundred of million doses of mRNA-based vaccines, depending on the specific vaccine. |
This move into Africa via Rwanda is a clear push into emerging markets, aiming to build supply chains where they didn't exist before. Honestly, securing local manufacturing is key to unlocking those harder-to-reach territories.
For existing products, like the updated COVID-19 vaccine, regulatory pursuit focuses on new seasonal strains and specific demographics. The application for the 2025-2026 season vaccine targeted the LP.8.1 strain. Clinical data supported this by showing a robust immune response in adults 65 and older and adults aged 18 through 64 with at least one underlying risk condition.
Regarding licensing the existing mRNA platform for non-partnered infectious disease programs, BioNTech has formalized agreements that grant access to its technology for specific future products, which is a way to generate revenue without bearing the full development cost.
- BioNTech reached an agreement in August 2025 to receive a non-exclusive license for mRNA-based COVID-19 and/or Influenza Products from CureVac.
- Under this settlement, BioNTech will pay CureVac a 1% royalty on U.S. sales of Licensed Products starting January 1, 2025, onward.
- A 1% royalty on rest-of-world sales to CureVac is also due from January 1, 2025, onward, contingent on the acquisition closing.
- The company continues to fund research at the University of Pennsylvania, where it is eligible to take out an exclusive license to commercialize any resulting IND-ready vaccines against 10 unspecified pathogens.
The company maintained a strong financial footing as of June 30, 2025, with €16.0 billion in cash, cash equivalents, and security investments, which defintely helps fund these market development initiatives. Finance: draft Q4 2025 cash flow projection by next Tuesday.
BioNTech SE (BNTX) - Ansoff Matrix: Product Development
You're looking at how BioNTech SE is pouring capital into developing its next wave of oncology assets, moving beyond the initial COVID-19 vaccine success. The focus is clearly on translating science into scalable, late-stage cancer treatments.
The financial commitment to this product development is substantial. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, Research and Development (R&D) expenses totaled €1,599.5 million. This follows the full 2025 financial year guidance, initially set in May 2025, projecting R&D expenses between €2,600 million and €2,800 million. The R&D spend for the first quarter of 2025 alone was €525.6 million. This investment is being deliberately scaled to support late-stage development and commercial readiness in oncology.
Accelerate Pivotal Trials for Pumitamig (BNT327)
Pumitamig, also known by the code-name BNT327, is a key focus, being developed in a strategic partnership with Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS). BMS paid $1.5 billion upfront for the co-development deal, with BioNTech eligible to receive about $11 billion more. Total upfront and noncontingent payments from BMS are expected to be $3.5 billion between 2025 and 2028.
The acceleration involves advancing pivotal trials in first-line settings. For extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), interim Phase 2 data presented in September 2025 showed encouraging antitumor activity. The trial reported a 76.3% confirmed objective response rate (cORR) across 38 evaluable participants, with a 100% disease control rate (DCR). Risk-adjusted sales forecasts for BioNTech in SCLC by 2028 are projected at $231 million.
Key trial progress includes:
- Initiation of global randomized Phase 3 trial in first-line ES-SCLC.
- Initiation of global randomized Phase 2/3 trial in first-line NSCLC.
- Phase 3 trial in first-line triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) on track to start in 2025.
- The 20 mg/kg dose arm in SCLC showed an 85% response rate.
Advance mRNA Cancer Immunotherapy Candidates
The mRNA cancer immunotherapies are BioNTech SE's second priority pan-tumor program, designed to activate and educate the immune system with precision. The company has over 20 phase 2 and phase 3 clinical trials in oncology.
Specific candidates advancing include:
| Candidate | Target Indication(s) | Phase Status/Update |
| BNT111 | Advanced, R/R melanoma | Phase 2 combination trial recorded 18% objective response rate. |
| BNT113 | Metastatic / R/R HPV16+ head and neck cancer | Advancing in randomized Phase 2/3 trial with pembrolizumab. |
| BNT116 | 1L metastatic NSCLC | Advancing in development pipeline. |
Multiple randomized trial read-outs for personalized and off-the-shelf candidates are expected in 2025 and 2026.
Develop Combination Therapies Pairing BNT327 with Other ADCs
BioNTech SE views Pumitamig (BNT327/PM8002) as a next-generation immuno-oncology backbone intended for combination strategies. The strategy includes pairing BNT327 with other assets in the pipeline, specifically Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs).
The company has already initiated a second ADC combination trial involving BNT327, with additional ADC-combination trials planned to start in 2025. Another key ADC in the pipeline is Trastuzumab-Pamirtecan (TPAM or BNT323), which is being evaluated as a monotherapy in randomized Phase III trials for metastatic endometrial cancer and breast cancer. The first BLA submission for TPAM in endometrial cancer is now targeted for 2026.
Invest the R&D Budget into Late-Stage Oncology Programs
The focus of the R&D investment is explicitly on scaling clinical development for late-stage oncology programs. The nine months ended September 30, 2025, R&D expenses of €1,599.5 million were mainly driven by the start of late-stage trials for both immuno-oncology (IO) and ADC development programs.
This investment supports the two priority pan-tumor programs, Pumitamig and mRNA cancer immunotherapies, which currently have multiple ongoing Phase II and III trials. The company expects to report a loss for the 2025 financial year as it continues to invest in this transition.
- R&D expenses for Q1 2025: €525.6 million.
- R&D expenses for Q3 2025: €564.8 million.
- Total R&D expenses for the twelve months ending September 30, 2025: $2.445B.
Finance: review Q4 2025 R&D spend against the full-year guidance range by January 15, 2026.
BioNTech SE (BNTX) - Ansoff Matrix: Diversification
You're looking at BioNTech SE's move beyond its initial success, which is classic Diversification on the Ansoff Matrix-new products in new markets, or in this case, new therapeutic areas using existing technology or new technologies entirely. Here's the quick math on where they stand as of late 2025.
Launch the Phase 1/2 combination mRNA vaccine for COVID-19 and Influenza.
The push for a single shot against two major respiratory threats saw BioNTech and its partner targeting approval for the combination vaccine in time for the 2025/2026 season. BioNTech confirmed the launch of a variant-adapted COVID-19 vaccine for the 2025/2026 vaccination season in multiple regions. However, the Phase 3 clinical trial for the combined COVID-19/Influenza candidate, which enrolled over 8,000 adults aged 18 to 64 years old, met only one of its two primary immunogenicity objectives. Specifically, the vaccine showed 'comparable' responses for SARS-CoV-2 versus the licensed COVID-19 vaccine, but it failed to demonstrate non-inferiority against the influenza B strain, though it did produce 'robust influenza A responses.'
Advance the mRNA vaccine candidate BNT163 for Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV-2).
BNT163, an mRNA vaccine candidate targeting HSV-2 and potentially HSV-1, is currently in a Phase 1 clinical trial (NCT05432583). This program is the first from the infectious disease mRNA vaccine collaboration with the University of Pennsylvania to enter the clinic. The Phase 1 trial is designed to enroll around 308 healthy volunteers aged 18 to 55 for dose escalation and safety evaluation, with an estimated study completion date of October 2026. To be fair, as of August 2025, no herpes vaccine has been authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Acquire complementary technologies to enter the cell therapy market, like CAR-T.
BioNTech SE is actively building out its cell therapy capabilities. In February 2025, the company completed the acquisition of Biotheus, gaining full global rights to its pipeline, including its bispecific ADC capability and antibody generation platform. The transaction involved an upfront consideration of $800 million, plus additional performance-based payments up to $150 million. This move directly supports their diversified portfolio, which now explicitly includes innovative chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies. This diversification enters a market that was estimated globally at USD 7.21 billion in 2025. For context, typical per-patient costs for advanced cell therapies are reported as > USD 400,000, often exceeding USD 1,000,000.
Separately, BioNTech has also funded autologous CAR-T programs through a collaboration and licensing/option agreement that included $200 million in funding.
The company's financial standing supports this aggressive pipeline investment:
| Metric | Value (as of September 30, 2025) | Period/Context |
| Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Security Investments | €16.7 billion | Balance Sheet Strength |
| Q3 2025 Revenue | €1.5 billion | Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 |
| Full Year 2025 Revenue Guidance (Raised) | €2.6 - €2.8 billion | Full Year 2025 Forecast |
| Q3 2025 Net Loss | €28.7 million | Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 |
| R&D Expense Guidance (Lowered) | €2.0 - €2.2 billion | Full Year 2025 Forecast |
| Shares Outstanding | 240,455,450 | As of September 30, 2025 |
Form new strategic collaborations outside oncology, like in rare diseases.
While much of the recent high-value deal flow has been in oncology, such as the collaboration with Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS) for BNT327, which included a $1.5 billion upfront cash payment recognized in Q3 2025, BioNTech SE is also expanding its footprint. In May 2025, BioNTech signed a grant agreement with the United Kingdom (UK) Government to broaden the Company's R&D activities for innovative medicines in the UK. Also, the company has a collaboration with Magnet, leveraging its TrueGlue discovery platform, with potential value up to $1.25 billion in milestones plus tiered royalties, though this specific deal is focused on oncology targets.
You can see the breadth of their partnerships:
- Collaboration with Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS) for BNT327, with up to $7.6 billion in potential milestones.
- Acquisition of Biotheus for $800 million upfront plus $150 million in potential payments.
- Grant agreement with the UK Government in May 2025 for R&D expansion.
- Collaboration with Magnet with potential milestone value exceeding $1.25 billion.
Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.
Disclaimer
All information, articles, and product details provided on this website are for general informational and educational purposes only. We do not claim any ownership over, nor do we intend to infringe upon, any trademarks, copyrights, logos, brand names, or other intellectual property mentioned or depicted on this site. Such intellectual property remains the property of its respective owners, and any references here are made solely for identification or informational purposes, without implying any affiliation, endorsement, or partnership.
We make no representations or warranties, express or implied, regarding the accuracy, completeness, or suitability of any content or products presented. Nothing on this website should be construed as legal, tax, investment, financial, medical, or other professional advice. In addition, no part of this site—including articles or product references—constitutes a solicitation, recommendation, endorsement, advertisement, or offer to buy or sell any securities, franchises, or other financial instruments, particularly in jurisdictions where such activity would be unlawful.
All content is of a general nature and may not address the specific circumstances of any individual or entity. It is not a substitute for professional advice or services. Any actions you take based on the information provided here are strictly at your own risk. You accept full responsibility for any decisions or outcomes arising from your use of this website and agree to release us from any liability in connection with your use of, or reliance upon, the content or products found herein.