VNET Group, Inc. (VNET): Análise de Pestle [Jan-2025 Atualizado]

No cenário em rápida evolução da computação em nuvem, o VNET Group, Inc. está na interseção crítica da inovação tecnológica e da complexa dinâmica global. Essa análise abrangente de pestles revela os desafios e oportunidades multifacetados que o fornecedor de infraestrutura em nuvem chinesa enfrenta, explorando como regulamentos políticos, mudanças econômicas, transformações sociais, avanços tecnológicos, estruturas legais e considerações ambientais moldam seu posicionamento estratégico em um ecossistema digital cada vez mais competitivo. Mergulhe na intrincada análise que revela os fatores diferenciados que impulsionam o modelo de negócios da VNET e o potencial futuro.

VNET Group, Inc. (VNET) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores Políticos

Regulamentos estritos da Internet e de computação em nuvem da China

A administração do ciberespaço da China (CAC) implementou 56 novos regulamentos da Internet Em 2023, impactando diretamente as operações de data center da VNET. A lei de segurança cibernética requer localização abrangente de dados e conformidade operacional estrita.

Aspecto regulatório	Requisito de conformidade	Impacto potencial no VNET
Localização de dados	100% dos dados do usuário chinês devem ser armazenados na China continental	Aumento do investimento de infraestrutura necessário
Revisão de segurança	Avaliações anuais obrigatórias de segurança cibernética	Custo estimado de conformidade: US $ 3,2 milhões anualmente

Políticas governamentais de segurança cibernética

O governo chinês exige medidas complexas de conformidade para provedores de serviços em nuvem, incluindo:

• Certificação obrigatória de segurança de rede
• Protocolos abrangentes de proteção de dados
• Auditorias de segurança supervisionadas pelo governo regulares

Impacto de tensões geopolíticas

As restrições tecnológicas EUA-China criaram desafios significativos para a expansão internacional da VNET. Regulamentos de controle de exportação Implementado em 2023 Restrive a transferência de tecnologia e as parcerias internacionais.

Restrição geopolítica	Limitação específica	Impacto nos negócios potencial
Controles de exportação de tecnologia dos EUA	Restrições sobre tecnologias avançadas de semicondutores e computação em nuvem	Perda de receita potencial: US $ 47 milhões em possíveis contratos internacionais

Iniciativas de infraestrutura tecnológica apoiada pelo estado

A estratégia "China Digital China" do governo chinês fornece apoio significativo ao desenvolvimento de infraestrutura de tecnologia doméstica.

• Investimento nacional de US $ 1,4 trilhão em infraestrutura digital até 2025
• Políticas tributárias preferenciais para provedores de serviços em nuvem domésticos
• Preferências de compras governamentais para empresas de tecnologia local

Iniciativa do governo	Apoio financeiro	Benefício direto para o VNET
Investimento de infraestrutura digital	US $ 1,4 trilhão de investimento nacional	Oportunidades potenciais de expansão de mercado
Incentivos fiscais para empresas de tecnologia	15% redução da taxa de imposto corporativo	Economia anual estimada de impostos: US $ 8,6 milhões

VNET Group, Inc. (VNET) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores econômicos

O cenário volátil de investimento em tecnologia chinesa cria desafios de financiamento

Investimentos de capital de risco em tecnologia chinesa recusaram -se a US $ 43,5 bilhões em 2023, representando um Redução de 64% de 2022 níveis. As possíveis fontes de financiamento do VNET Group foram diretamente impactadas por essa contração do investimento.

Ano	Volume de investimento em tecnologia	Mudança de ano a ano
2022	US $ 121,3 bilhões	-
2023	US $ 43,5 bilhões	-64%

A desaceleração econômica na China pode reduzir os gastos com computação em nuvem corporativa

Taxa de crescimento do PIB da China de 5.2% Em 2023, indica possíveis restrições às despesas da tecnologia corporativa. Os gastos da computação em nuvem corporativa são projetados para alcançar US $ 8,7 bilhões em 2024.

Indicador econômico	2023 valor	2024 Projeção
Crescimento do PIB da China	5.2%	4.6%
Gastos da nuvem corporativa	US $ 7,3 bilhões	US $ 8,7 bilhões

A tendência de transformação digital crescente suporta a demanda contínua por serviços de infraestrutura em nuvem

Espera -se que o mercado de transformação digital da China chegue US $ 465 bilhões até 2025, com serviços de infraestrutura em nuvem representando 27% de investimento digital total.

As flutuações da taxa de câmbio afetam o desempenho financeiro internacional da VNET

Volatilidade da taxa de câmbio do USD/CNY em 2023 variou entre 6.85 e 7.35, criando riscos potenciais de tradução financeira para as operações internacionais da VNET.

Par de moeda	2023 Low	2023 High	Taxa média
USD/CNY	6.85	7.35	7.10

VNET Group, Inc. (VNET) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores sociais

O aumento da cultura de trabalho remoto impulsiona a adoção de serviços em nuvem

De acordo com a Statista, a penetração remota do trabalho da China atingiu 41,2% em 2023, impactando diretamente a demanda de serviços em nuvem. A receita da infraestrutura em nuvem da VNET aumentou 34,7% no terceiro trimestre de 2023, correlacionando -se com as tendências de trabalho remotas.

Ano	Porcentagem de trabalho remoto	Crescimento do mercado de serviços em nuvem
2022	36.5%	28.3%
2023	41.2%	34.7%

Crescente de alfabetização digital entre empresas chinesas

A McKinsey relata que 67% das empresas chinesas aumentaram os investimentos em tecnologia digital em 2023, com serviços em nuvem representando 42% dos orçamentos de transformação digital.

Categoria de investimento digital	Porcentagem de orçamento
Serviços em nuvem	42%
Segurança cibernética	22%
Integração da IA	18%

Aceitação de tecnologia da força de trabalho mais jovem

Os dados do IDC indicam que 78% dos profissionais chineses de 25 a 35 anos preferem ferramentas colaborativas baseadas em nuvem. A base de clientes corporativos da VNET nesse grupo demográfica cresceu 45% em 2023.

Faixa etária	Preferência da tecnologia em nuvem	Crescimento do cliente da VNET
25-35 anos	78%	45%
36-45 anos	52%	23%

Consciência crescente de segurança cibernética

A pesquisa do Gartner mostra que 62% das empresas chinesas priorizaram soluções em nuvem segura em 2023, impulsionando a receita de segmento de infraestrutura em nuvem da VNET para US $ 187,6 milhões.

Prioridade de segurança cibernética	Porcentagem corporativa	VNET Receita em nuvem segura
Alta prioridade	62%	US $ 187,6 milhões
Prioridade média	28%	US $ 85,3 milhões

VNET Group, Inc. (VNET) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores tecnológicos

O rápido avanço nas tecnologias de computação 5G e Edge criam novas oportunidades de serviço

Os investimentos em infraestrutura tecnológica do VNET Group demonstram progresso significativo nos recursos de computação 5G e Edge. A partir do terceiro trimestre de 2023, a empresa informou:

Métrica de tecnologia	Dados específicos
Nós de computação de borda	37 Locais operacionais
5G Cobertura de rede	68% das regiões de data center primário
Investimento de tecnologia anual	US $ 124,6 milhões

Inteligência artificial e integração de aprendizado de máquina nos serviços em nuvem

As métricas de implantação de AI e aprendizado de máquina da VNET incluem:

Parâmetro AI/ML	Medição quantitativa
Serviços em nuvem de AI-I-iabled	22 ofertas de serviço distintas
Implantações de modelo de aprendizado de máquina	146 MODELOS ATIVOS
Investimento de infraestrutura de IA	US $ 43,2 milhões em 2023

Investimento contínuo na infraestrutura de data center e recursos de rede

Detalhes da expansão da infraestrutura da VNET:

Métrica de infraestrutura	Status atual
Total de data centers	47 instalações operacionais
Capacidade de largura de banda de rede	3,8 Tbps
Capex anual de infraestrutura	US $ 276,5 milhões

Modelos de implantação híbridos e de várias nuvens emergentes remodelam ofertas de serviços

Métricas de estratégia de implantação em nuvem da VNET:

Parâmetro de implantação da nuvem	Dados quantitativos
Clientes híbridos em nuvem	1.247 clientes corporativos
Plataformas de gerenciamento de várias nuvens	8 soluções integradas
Receita de serviços de migração em nuvem	US $ 89,3 milhões em 2023

VNET Group, Inc. (VNET) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores Legais

Regulamentos rigorosos de proteção de dados na China

A Lei de Proteção de Informações Pessoais da China (PIPL), a partir de 1º de novembro de 2021, impõe requisitos estritos de conformidade de dados:

Aspecto de regulamentação	Requisitos específicos	Penalidade potencial
Processamento de dados pessoais	Consentimento explícito de consentimento obrigatório	Até 5% da receita anual
Transferência de dados transfronteiriços	Requer aprovação da administração de segurança cibernética	Multa máxima de RMB 10 milhões
Localização de dados	Dados críticos devem ser armazenados na China	Licença comercial Revocação possível

Restrições de transferência de dados transfronteiriças

Impacto regulatório: A partir de 2024, a VNET deve realizar avaliações de segurança obrigatórias para transferências de dados internacionais, com custos de conformidade estimados em RMB 2,5-3,5 milhões anualmente.

Desafios de proteção de propriedade intelectual

Métrica de proteção IP	2023 Estatísticas
Aplicações de patentes	87 patentes tecnológicas registradas
Casos de litígio	3 processos de proteção IP em andamento
Orçamento anual de proteção IP	RMB 4,2 milhões

Legislação de segurança cibernética

Requisitos operacionais:

• Certificação obrigatória de proteção ao nível de segurança da rede
• Custo anual de avaliação de segurança cibernética: RMB 1,8 milhão
• A conformidade com a lei de segurança cibernética exige uma equipe de segurança dedicada de 12 profissionais

Investimento de segurança de rede: RMB 22,6 milhões em 2023 para infraestrutura abrangente de conformidade legal.

VNET Group, Inc. (VNET) - Análise de Pestle: Fatores Ambientais

Foco crescente no design e operações do data center com eficiência energética

Os data centers do VNET Group consomem 73,5 MW de capacidade total de energia em 2023. A Companhia implementou a métrica de eficácia do uso de energia (PUE) de 1,35 em sua infraestrutura, representando uma melhoria de 15% em relação à linha de base de 2020.

Ano	Capacidade de energia (MW)	Métrica de pue	Melhoria da eficiência energética
2020	62.4	1.48	Linha de base
2023	73.5	1.35	15%

Os requisitos crescentes de sustentabilidade corporativa impulsionam investimentos em tecnologia verde

A VNET alocou US $ 42,3 milhões em investimentos em tecnologia verde durante 2023, representando 8,6% do gasto total de capital. Investimentos específicos incluem:

• Sistemas avançados de refrigeração: US $ 15,7 milhões
• Infraestrutura do servidor com eficiência energética: US $ 18,9 milhões
• Sistemas de gerenciamento de energia inteligentes: US $ 7,7 milhões

Estratégias de redução de emissão de carbono para infraestrutura de data center

Métrica de redução de carbono	2022 Valor	2023 valor	Redução percentual
Emissões de CO2 (toneladas métricas)	87,600	72,900	16.8%
Intensidade de carbono (kg CO2/kWh)	0.342	0.276	19.3%

Integração de energia renovável no ecossistema de serviço em nuvem

A VNET alcançou 34,6% de utilização de energia renovável em 2023, com expansão planejada para 47% até 2025. As fontes de energia renováveis ​​atuais incluem:

• Energia solar: 18,2%
• Energia eólica: 12,4%
• Hidroelétrico: 4%

Fonte de energia renovável	2023 Contribuição	2025 Contribuição projetada
Solar	18.2%	24.5%
Vento	12.4%	16.8%
Hidrelétrico	4%	5.7%

VNET Group, Inc. (VNET) - PESTLE Analysis: Social factors

You're looking at VNET Group, Inc.'s external landscape, and the social factors are critical because they map directly to customer demand and talent retention. Simply put, society's shift to digital and its focus on corporate responsibility are huge tailwinds for VNET. We're seeing this play out in two main areas: the massive, AI-driven need for data capacity and the rising expectation for strong Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance.

Here's the quick math: more digital transformation means more data, and more data means more data centers. Plus, investors and customers now care deeply about who they partner with, making VNET's social credentials a competitive advantage.

Surging domestic demand for data centers driven by AI and digital transformation

The domestic appetite for digital infrastructure is insatiable, and it's being turbocharged by the boom in artificial intelligence (AI) and the country's broader digital transformation initiatives. VNET Group is a key beneficiary of this trend, which is why their revised 2025 financial guidance is so strong. They now project total net revenues for 2025 to be between RMB9,150 million and RMB9,350 million, representing a year-over-year growth of 11% to 13%.

This growth isn't just a forecast; it's grounded in operational performance. In Q2 2025, VNET's wholesale capacity in service increased by 17.5% quarter-over-quarter to 674MW. For their mature facilities-the ones that are running smoothly-the utilization rate hit 94.6% in Q2 2025, showing that customer demand is rapidly filling available space. The company is even targeting around 25% per year wholesale capacity growth for the next 10 years, which tells you everything about the long-term AI-driven demand.

Strong focus on customer experience, achieving a 99.63% nationwide customer satisfaction rate in 2024

In a capital-intensive business like data centers, high customer satisfaction is defintely a key indicator of sticky, recurring revenue. VNET Group has a strong focus on operational excellence, which translated into a nationwide customer satisfaction rate of 99.63% in 2024. That's a near-perfect score, and it reflects the quality of their service delivery (uptime, security, and support).

This high level of customer confidence is backed by the company's commitment to global operational standards. They hold key certifications that cover all business lines, which is what gives large enterprise and cloud clients peace of mind. You can't get that kind of satisfaction without a disciplined framework.

• Information Technology Service Management System (ISO/IEC 20000)
• Information Security Management System (ISO/IEC 27001)

Strong Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance, holding an MSCI 'A' rating for three consecutive years

ESG is no longer a side project; it's a core strategic pillar, and VNET Group is leading in its sector. The company has held an MSCI ESG rating of 'A' for three consecutive years, which is the highest ranking awarded to date in China's Internet Service & Infrastructure industry. This is a huge signal to institutional investors who are increasingly mandated to allocate capital to high-ESG-rated companies.

Their commitment is quantified across multiple rating agencies, proving their framework is robust. This strong performance helps mitigate regulatory risk and attracts partners who prioritize sustainability, like major hyperscalers.

ESG Metric/Rating	2024 Performance/Rating	Context/Significance
MSCI ESG Rating	'A' (3rd consecutive year)	Highest ranking in China's Internet Service & Infrastructure industry.
S&P Global CSA Score	70 (Record High)	Ranked among the top 7% of the global IT Services industry; included in the S&P Global Sustainability Yearbook 2025.
CDP Climate Change Rating	'B'	Exceeds the rating of 94% of participating companies in China.
Renewable Energy Use	360,880 MWh	Fivefold increase year-over-year, accounting for 18% of total resources utilized in 2024.

Increasing female representation, with 33% of management positions held by women in 2024

Diversity and inclusion are vital for innovation and better decision-making, especially in a rapidly evolving technical field. VNET Group has made measurable progress in this area. In 2024, the percentage of female employees in management positions increased to 33%. This is a strong figure, and it aligns closely with the global average for women in senior management positions, which was 33.5% in 2024.

This focus on human capital development is a key part of their ESG strategy, specifically under the 'Human' and 'Development' segments of their 'SHIELD' sustainability system. Attracting and retaining diverse talent is a non-negotiable for future growth, and VNET's numbers show they are making the right investments.

Next Step: Finance and Strategy teams should model the impact of the 94.6% mature facility utilization rate on 2026 CapEx requirements, anticipating continued AI-driven demand.

VNET Group, Inc. (VNET) - PESTLE Analysis: Technological factors

Hyperscale 2.0 strategy targets 10GW of AI infrastructure capacity by 2036

You can't talk about VNET Group, Inc.'s technology without starting with their massive 'Hyperscale 2.0' strategy, which they unveiled in late June 2025. This isn't just a minor upgrade; it's a foundational shift, explicitly targeting the explosive growth in Artificial Intelligence (AI) infrastructure demand. The goal is audacious: to scale their data center assets to a staggering 10GW (gigawatts) of AI-ready capacity by 2036.

For context, this kind of expansion is a direct bet on China's AI infrastructure market, which is projected to grow at a 32.12% Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) through 2030. VNET is positioning itself as a fundamental player in this digital backbone. This strategic pivot is already driving their wholesale business, which saw a 112.5% year-over-year revenue surge in the second quarter of 2025 (Q2 2025), reaching RMB854.1 million. That's a clear signal of where the real money is going.

Deployment of energy-efficient technologies like liquid-cooled servers and 800G optical backbones

The capital intensity of building AI data centers is huge, so VNET is focusing on technology that drives down operating costs and boosts efficiency. The Hyperscale 2.0 framework mandates the deployment of next-generation, energy-efficient technologies. This is about protecting margins and meeting green computing standards.

Specifically, they are integrating liquid-cooled servers, which are far more efficient at dissipating the extreme heat generated by high-performance computing (HPC) and AI workloads. Plus, they are utilizing 800G optical backbones for high-speed data transfer. These innovations are critical because AI model training demands massive computational power, and the resulting efficiency gains are key to maintaining their Q2 2025 Adjusted EBITDA margin of 30.1%. Here's a quick look at their operational efficiency metrics from Q2 2025:

Metric	Q2 2025 Value	Significance
Total Net Revenues (YoY Growth)	22.1%	Strong overall business momentum.
Adjusted EBITDA Margin	30.1%	Operational efficiency despite high CapEx.
Wholesale Capacity in Service	674MW	Physical scale of the data center portfolio.
Mature Facility Utilization Rate	94.6%	Near-full capacity on existing assets.

Use of modular and standardized construction to cut data center deployment time by up to one-third

Agility is the name of the game when hyperscalers are demanding capacity now. VNET's Hyperscale 2.0 strategy relies on modular and standardized construction techniques, which is a game-changer for scalability. Instead of traditional, multi-year build-outs, they pre-fabricate power, cooling, and computing modules in factories.

This approach allows them to reduce construction timelines by up to one-third compared to conventional methods. This is a huge competitive advantage, allowing VNET to rapidly meet surging AI demand and bring new capacity online faster. For example, in Q2 2025, their wholesale capacity in service jumped by 101MW quarter-over-quarter, a direct result of this efficient delivery model.

Carrier- and cloud-neutral infrastructure offers customers flexibility with major hyperscalers like Alibaba Cloud and Tencent Cloud

VNET's core technological strength lies in its carrier- and cloud-neutral infrastructure. This is what makes them indispensable to the largest technology companies. Being 'neutral' means clients aren't locked into a single telecom or cloud provider, giving them maximum network flexibility and choice.

This neutrality is essential for attracting and retaining the biggest players in the market, including major hyperscalers like Alibaba Cloud, Tencent Cloud, and Huawei Cloud. These clients require high-capacity, interconnected, and flexible facilities for their massive AI model training and cloud services. VNET's network port capacity is over 4T+, with more than 50 data centers spread across over 30 Chinese cities, including key hubs like Shanghai and Beijing. This vast, connected footprint is the technological moat that secures their long-term wholesale contracts.

• VNET's infrastructure supports hyperscalers requiring carrier-neutral facilities for AI model training.
• They operate over 50 data centers across more than 30 Chinese cities.
• The network port capacity is over 4T+, enabling high-speed cloud connect.
• Wholesale capacity utilization stood at 75.9% in Q2 2025, reflecting strong customer demand.

VNET Group, Inc. (VNET) - PESTLE Analysis: Legal factors

Strict data localization laws (Cybersecurity Law) mandate that Chinese data must be stored domestically.

The core legal challenge for VNET Group, Inc. is the tightening grip of China's data sovereignty laws, particularly the Cybersecurity Law (CSL) and its related regulations. As a data center operator, VNET is classified as a network operator and likely a Critical Information Infrastructure (CII) operator, which triggers the most stringent compliance rules. The CSL mandates that all personal information and other key data collected or generated within mainland China must be stored on servers located inside the country.

This data localization requirement directly impacts VNET's multinational clients who rely on cross-border data transfers (CBDT). The October 2025 amendments to the CSL, taking effect on January 1, 2026, further strengthen oversight and increase penalties for violations related to data handling and CBDT. For VNET, this means an increased need to ensure its infrastructure and operational protocols meet these evolving, high-security standards, or its clients could face fines up to RMB10 million (approximately US$1.4 million) for serious CSL violations. That's a massive financial risk for customers, so they demand absolute compliance from VNET.

Regulatory easing in early 2025 allowed for full foreign ownership in Free Trade Zones, increasing competition.

In a significant but double-edged regulatory move, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) introduced a pilot scheme in early 2025 that fully liberalized foreign investment in Value-Added Telecom Services (VATS), including Internet Data Center (IDC) services, within four designated Free Trade Zones (FTZs): Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Hainan. Previously, foreign ownership in this sector was capped at 50%.

This easing means multinational tech giants can now establish wholly foreign-owned enterprises to build and operate their own data centers in these lucrative regions. This is defintely a competitive threat to VNET's wholesale and retail IDC business.

Here's the quick math on the competitive shift:

Regulatory Change	Pre-2025 Status (IDC/VATS)	Post-Early 2025 Status (Pilot FTZs)
Foreign Ownership Cap	50% (Joint Venture Required)	100% (Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise Allowed)
VNET's Impact	Competitive advantage via local expertise and licensing	Increased competition from global hyperscalers
Pilot Regions	N/A	Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Hainan

VNET must now compete directly against global players who can control their entire data center operation, from design to compliance, without a local partner.

Compliance with US SEC reporting requirements as a NASDAQ-listed company, alongside PRC legal system uncertainties.

As a company listed on the NASDAQ, VNET is legally required to adhere to the rigorous reporting and disclosure standards of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). This includes timely filing of forms like the 6-K and 20-F, which VNET has continued to do throughout 2025.

Still, the company operates under the continuous geopolitical and regulatory uncertainty of being a Chinese company listed in the U.S. The shadow of the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (HFCAA) remains, which could lead to delisting if the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) cannot inspect the audit work papers for three consecutive years. While VNET has taken steps to comply, the risk of being placed on the SEC's conclusive list of non-compliant issuers is a persistent investor concern.

The tension between the PRC legal system and U.S. regulators creates a complex compliance environment.

Adherence to the Green Electricity Certificate (GEC) system for verifiable renewable energy sourcing.

The push for green data centers has translated into concrete legal requirements, centered on China's Green Electricity Certificate (GEC) system. As of March 31, 2025, the GEC became the country's sole legal proof for verifiable renewable energy consumption, replacing international certificates like I-RECs.

New policy guidelines released in March 2025 explicitly mandate that newly built national hub data centers must source at least 80% of their electricity from renewable energy by 2030. This is a massive compliance target for VNET.

The GEC market is now the primary mechanism for VNET to prove its green credentials and meet these targets, especially for large-scale wholesale clients.

• GEC Cumulative Issuance (as of March 2025): Exceeded 5.617 billion certificates.
• New Data Center Renewable Target: 80% renewable energy by 2030 for national hub facilities.
• Compliance Action: VNET must actively procure GECs or secure Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) that enable GEC issuance.

This new GEC mandate is a clear regulatory signal; if VNET doesn't hit its Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) and renewable energy targets, it will face a compliance headache that could restrict its future capacity expansion.

VNET Group, Inc. (VNET) - PESTLE Analysis: Environmental factors

You are a data center operator in China, so managing energy consumption and carbon footprint isn't just good public relations; it's a core strategic and financial imperative. The government's aggressive green mandates mean that efficiency and renewable energy adoption directly impact your license to grow. Your performance in 2024 shows VNET Group is well-positioned, but the regulatory bar is rising fast.

Energy Efficiency and PUE Performance

VNET Group's operational efficiency is a clear competitive advantage in the Chinese market. Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) is the key metric here, measuring total facility energy divided by IT equipment energy-lower is better. In 2024, the average annual PUE for VNET's stabilized data centers was an impressive 1.27.

Here's the quick math: VNET's 1.27 PUE is already significantly better than the national goal. China's Special Action Plan for Green and Low-carbon Development of Data Centers requires the national average PUE to drop below 1.5 by the end of 2025. Furthermore, the government's Green Data Center standard for procurement sets an even stricter PUE requirement of less than 1.3 from 2025 onward. You are already meeting the stricter standard, which is defintely a strong signal to potential government and enterprise clients.

Metric	VNET Group 2024 Performance	China National Target (2025)	China Procurement Standard (2025)
Average Annual PUE (Stabilized DCs)	1.27	< 1.5	< 1.3
GHG Emissions (Scope 1 & 2) YoY Change	Decreased by 2%	N/A	N/A
Emission Intensity YoY Change	Decreased by 9%	N/A	N/A

Renewable Energy Adoption and Decarbonization

The push for renewable energy is the biggest near-term opportunity and risk. Your 2024 performance shows a massive step forward: total energy from renewable sources reached 360,880 MWh, accounting for 18% of your total resources. That's a fivefold year-over-year increase, showing serious commitment.

But still, the regulatory pressure is intensifying. While the general action plan aims to increase renewable energy utilization by 10% annually by 2025, the specific government procurement standards for data centers are much more demanding. You need to map your procurement strategy to these escalating targets to remain competitive in the long run.

• 2025 Renewable Energy Target: 30% of total energy consumption.
• 2027 Renewable Energy Target: 50% of total energy consumption.
• 2030 Renewable Energy Target: 75% of total energy consumption.

The 18% renewable energy usage in 2024 is good, but you need to nearly double that to hit the 2025 government procurement standard of 30%. That's your clear, immediate action item.

Ulanqab Integrated Renewable Project

Your integrated source-grid-load-storage project in the Ulanqab IDC Campus is a concrete example of how you are tackling the renewable energy challenge head-on. This is a smart move, securing a dedicated, green energy source in a national hub region. The project, which was approved in October 2024, is a large-scale development featuring three key components:

• Wind Power Generation: 200MW
• Solar Power Generation: 100MW
• Energy Storage Facility: 45MW

This project is designed to help meet the growing demand for green computing power in the national hub regions, where new capacity is expected to account for more than 60% of the national total by the end of 2025. Securing this kind of self-sufficiency in renewable power generation is a huge differentiator that will help you manage energy costs and regulatory compliance for years to come.