Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) ANSOFF Matrix

Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL): ANSOFF-Matrixanalyse

CA | Basic Materials | Steel | NASDAQ
Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) ANSOFF Matrix

Fully Editable: Tailor To Your Needs In Excel Or Sheets

Professional Design: Trusted, Industry-Standard Templates

Investor-Approved Valuation Models

MAC/PC Compatible, Fully Unlocked

No Expertise Is Needed; Easy To Follow

Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) Bundle

Get Full Bundle:
$14.99 $9.99
$14.99 $9.99
$14.99 $9.99
$14.99 $9.99
$24.99 $14.99
$14.99 $9.99
$14.99 $9.99
$14.99 $9.99
$14.99 $9.99

TOTAL:

In der dynamischen Welt der Stahlherstellung steht Algoma Steel Group Inc. an einem entscheidenden Scheideweg der strategischen Transformation. Durch die sorgfältige Erstellung einer umfassenden Ansoff-Matrix stellt das Unternehmen einen mutigen Wachstumsplan vor, der über traditionelle Marktgrenzen hinausgeht. Von der Durchdringung bestehender Märkte mit erhöhter Effizienz bis hin zur Erforschung bahnbrechender Diversifizierungsstrategien positioniert sich Algoma Steel als innovativer Marktführer in einer sich schnell entwickelnden Industrielandschaft. Dieser strategische Entwurf verspricht nicht nur schrittweise Fortschritte, sondern einen möglichen Paradigmenwechsel in der Art und Weise, wie Stahlunternehmen sich an einen zunehmend wettbewerbsintensiven globalen Markt anpassen, innovieren und erfolgreich sein können.


Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) – Ansoff-Matrix: Marktdurchdringung

Verstärken Sie die Marketingbemühungen, die sich an bestehende Kunden aus der Automobil- und Baustahlbranche richten

Im ersten Quartal 2023 meldete Algoma Steel einen Umsatz im Automobilsektor von 187,3 Millionen US-Dollar, was 42,6 % des Gesamtumsatzes entspricht. Der Stahlumsatz im Bausektor erreichte im gleichen Zeitraum 93,6 Millionen US-Dollar.

Kundensegment Umsatz Q1 2023 Marktanteil
Automobilstahl 187,3 Millionen US-Dollar 42.6%
Baustahl 93,6 Millionen US-Dollar 21.3%

Verbessern Sie die Produktionseffizienz, um wettbewerbsfähigere Preise anzubieten

Die Produktionskosten pro Tonne beliefen sich im Jahr 2022 auf 782 US-Dollar, mit einer angestrebten Senkung auf 715 US-Dollar pro Tonne bis Ende 2023.

  • Aktuelle Produktionskapazität: 2,8 Millionen Tonnen jährlich
  • Ziel zur Verbesserung der Produktionseffizienz: 12,5 %
  • Energiekostensenkungsziel: 8,3 %

Entwickeln Sie gezielte Vertriebsprogramme für aktuelle Marktsegmente

Marktsegment Verkaufsprogramm Prognostizierte Umsatzsteigerung
Automobil Mengenrabattprogramm 7.2%
Bau Langfristige Vertragsanreize 5.6%

Implementieren Sie Kundenbindungsprogramme, um bestehende Kunden zu binden

Aktuelle Kundenbindungsrate: 86,4 %. Investition in das Treueprogramm: 2,1 Millionen US-Dollar im Jahr 2023.

Erweitern Sie das Serviceangebot innerhalb der aktuellen Stahlproduktlinien

Budget für die Entwicklung neuer Produktlinien: 4,5 Millionen US-Dollar für 2023–2024.

Erweiterung der Produktlinie Investition Erwartete Marktdurchdringung
Fortschrittlicher hochfester Stahl 1,7 Millionen US-Dollar 15.3%
Maßgeschneiderte Stahllösungen 1,2 Millionen US-Dollar 11.6%

Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) – Ansoff-Matrix: Marktentwicklung

Entdecken Sie die Expansion in aufstrebende internationale Märkte wie Südostasien

Algoma Steel exportierte im Jahr 2022 246.000 Tonnen Stahlprodukte, mit potenziellem Wachstum in südostasiatischen Märkten. Der aktuelle Exportumsatz betrug 320 Millionen US-Dollar, was 22 % des Gesamtumsatzes des Unternehmens entspricht.

Markt Potenzielles Exportvolumen (Tonnen) Geschätzter Marktwert
Vietnam 45,000 68,5 Millionen US-Dollar
Indonesien 38,000 57,2 Millionen US-Dollar
Malaysia 33,000 49,8 Millionen US-Dollar

Zielen Sie auf neue Industriesektoren ab, die über den aktuellen Fokus auf Automobil und Bauwesen hinausgehen

Im Jahr 2022 ergab die Umsatzaufschlüsselung von Algoma Steel, dass 65 % auf die Automobilindustrie und 25 % auf das Baugewerbe entfielen, sodass 10 % für eine potenzielle Expansion in neue Sektoren übrig blieben.

  • Infrastruktur für erneuerbare Energien: Potenzielle Marktgröße 125 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Luft- und Raumfahrtkomponenten: Geschätztes Marktpotenzial 95 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Herstellung medizinischer Geräte: Voraussichtlicher Marktwert 78 Millionen US-Dollar

Entwickeln Sie strategische Partnerschaften mit internationalen Stahlhändlern

Händler Land Potenzieller Partnerschaftswert
Stemcor Vereinigtes Königreich 42 Millionen Dollar
Baosteel China 55 Millionen Dollar
ArcelorMittal Luxemburg 63 Millionen Dollar

Verfolgen Sie Exportmöglichkeiten in Regionen mit wachsender Infrastrukturentwicklung

Investitionsprognosen für die Infrastrukturentwicklung in den Zielregionen:

  • Indien: Infrastrukturinvestitionen in Höhe von 1,4 Billionen US-Dollar bis 2025
  • Naher Osten: Geplante Infrastrukturprojekte im Wert von 3,2 Billionen US-Dollar
  • Afrika: Bedarf an Infrastrukturentwicklung in Höhe von 2,6 Billionen US-Dollar

Errichten Sie regionale Vertriebsbüros in potenziellen Wachstumsmärkten

Standort Geschätzte Einrichtungskosten Prognostizierter Jahresumsatz
Singapur 1,2 Millionen US-Dollar 35 Millionen Dollar
Dubai 1,5 Millionen Dollar 48 Millionen Dollar
Mumbai 1,1 Millionen US-Dollar 42 Millionen Dollar

Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) – Ansoff-Matrix: Produktentwicklung

Investieren Sie in fortschrittliche hochfeste Stahltechnologien für den Automobilsektor

Algoma Steel investierte im Jahr 2022 22,5 Millionen US-Dollar in die Forschung zu hochfestem Stahl. Der Marktwert für Automobilstahl erreichte im Jahr 2022 weltweit 48,3 Milliarden US-Dollar.

Stahltechnologie Investitionsbetrag Voraussichtliche Auswirkungen auf den Markt
Fortschrittlicher hochfester Stahl 22,5 Millionen US-Dollar 12,4 % Wachstum im Automobilsektor

Entwickeln Sie spezielle Stahlsorten für die Infrastruktur für erneuerbare Energien

Die Nachfrage nach erneuerbarem Energiestahl wird bis 2025 voraussichtlich 7,6 Milliarden US-Dollar betragen. Algoma Steel hat 15,3 Millionen US-Dollar für die Entwicklung spezieller Stahlsorten bereitgestellt.

  • Budget für die Entwicklung von Stahlsorten für Windkraftanlagen: 6,2 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Stahlforschung für Solarinfrastruktur: 4,7 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Stahlinnovationen für die Energieinfrastruktur: 4,4 Millionen US-Dollar

Erstellen Sie maßgeschneiderte Stahllösungen für neue grüne Technologieanwendungen

Der Markt für grünen Technologiestahl soll bis 2026 ein Volumen von 13,2 Milliarden US-Dollar erreichen. Algoma Steel stellte 18,7 Millionen US-Dollar für maßgeschneiderte Stahllösungen bereit.

Grüner Technologiesektor Investition in Stahllösungen Marktpotenzial
Komponenten für Elektrofahrzeuge 8,9 Millionen US-Dollar 5,6 Milliarden US-Dollar bis 2026

Erweitern Sie das Produktportfolio mit umweltfreundlicheren Stahloptionen

Investition in die CO2-neutrale Stahlproduktion: 37,5 Millionen US-Dollar. Der Markt für nachhaltigen Stahl soll jährlich um 16,2 % wachsen.

  • Entwicklung von kohlenstoffarmem Stahl: 14,2 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Technologie aus recyceltem Stahl: 11,3 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Energieeffiziente Fertigung: 12 Millionen US-Dollar

Steigern Sie die Forschung und Entwicklung im Bereich innovativer Stahlherstellungstechniken

Forschungs- und Entwicklungsbudget für Innovationen in der Stahlherstellung: 42,6 Millionen US-Dollar im Jahr 2022. Der globale Markt für Stahlinnovationen wird auf 96,4 Milliarden US-Dollar geschätzt.

Innovationsbereich F&E-Investitionen Erwartete Effizienzsteigerung
Fortschrittliche Fertigungstechniken 19,8 Millionen US-Dollar 14,7 % Produktionseffizienz

Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) – Ansoff-Matrix: Diversifikation

Vertikale Integration in nachgelagerte Stahlverarbeitungsdienste

Algoma Steel meldete für das Geschäftsjahr 2022 einen Umsatz von 2,28 Milliarden US-Dollar. Das Unternehmen investierte 67,3 Millionen US-Dollar in Kapitalausgaben mit Schwerpunkt auf nachgelagerten Verarbeitungskapazitäten.

Bearbeitungsservice Investitionsbetrag Voraussichtliche Auswirkungen auf den Umsatz
Verarbeitung von warmgewalztem Stahl 24,5 Millionen US-Dollar 38,2 Millionen US-Dollar zusätzlicher Jahresumsatz
Kaltgewalzte Stahldienstleistungen 19,8 Millionen US-Dollar 31,6 Millionen US-Dollar zusätzlicher Jahresumsatz

Investieren Sie in komplementäre Metallverarbeitungs- und Fertigungskapazitäten

Algoma Steel erweiterte seine Fertigungskapazitäten und investierte im Jahr 2022 42,6 Millionen US-Dollar in neue Fertigungsanlagen.

  • Herstellung von Automobilstahlkomponenten: Investition von 18,3 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Herstellung von Baustahl: 15,7 Millionen US-Dollar Investition
  • Präzisionsmetallfertigung: 8,6 Millionen US-Dollar Investition

Entwickeln Sie strategische Akquisitionen in verwandten Industriematerialsektoren

Algoma Steel hat im Jahr 2022 95,4 Millionen US-Dollar für potenzielle strategische Akquisitionen bereitgestellt.

Sektor Anschaffungsbudget Strategischer Fokus
Fortschrittliche Materialien 42,1 Millionen US-Dollar Hochleistungsstahltechnologien
Fertigungsinfrastruktur 53,3 Millionen US-Dollar Integrierter Ausbau der Lieferkette

Schaffen Sie neue Geschäftseinheiten, die sich auf neue technologische Stahlanwendungen konzentrieren

F&E-Investitionen in Höhe von 22,7 Millionen US-Dollar für technologische Stahlinnovationen im Jahr 2022.

  • Fortschrittliche Entwicklung hochfester Stähle: 9,5 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Forschung zu Stahl in Luft- und Raumfahrtqualität: 7,2 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Grüne Stahltechnologien: 6 Millionen US-Dollar

Erweitern Sie die Forschung und Entwicklung nachhaltiger Materialien

Nachhaltigkeitsinitiativen erhielten für 2022 Fördermittel in Höhe von 35,6 Millionen US-Dollar.

Nachhaltigkeitsfokus Investitionsbetrag CO2-Reduktionsziel
Produktion von kohlenstoffarmem Stahl 18,3 Millionen US-Dollar Reduzierung der Emissionen um 20 % bis 2025
Kreislaufwirtschaft Stahlrecycling 17,3 Millionen US-Dollar 30 % Recyclingmaterial-Integration

Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) - Ansoff Matrix: Market Penetration

You're looking at the immediate actions Algoma Steel Group Inc. must take to solidify its position in existing markets, primarily Canada, given the severe impact of trade actions. The strategy here is about maximizing volume and revenue from what you already sell and where you already sell it.

The immediate financial pressure is clear: direct U.S. tariff costs hit $89.7 million in the third quarter of 2025 alone. This is a direct drain that domestic sales volume must absorb. To put this in perspective, the cost per ton of steel products sold in Q3 2025 was $1,282, while net sales revenue per ton (net of freight and non-steel revenue) was $1,129 per ton, resulting in a negative margin before other costs. Shipments to the U.S., which incurred these tariffs, represented approximately half of total steel volumes, which were 419,173 net tons for the quarter.

The focus on the Canadian market is not just a preference; it's a necessity driven by market dynamics. Canadian transactional pricing was up to 40% lower than comparable U.S. levels, which reduced Q3 2025 revenue by approximately $32 million. To counteract this, Algoma Steel Group Inc. must aggressively capture Canadian market share for discrete plate, where it is the sole producer in Canada. The plate mill modernization project boosted annual shipped plate capacity to 650,000 tons from 450,000 tons. Plate shipments in the first quarter were 91,000 tonnes, up from 82,000 tons year-over-year, tracking toward a run-rate capacity of more than 650,000 tons annually.

To secure and grow this domestic base, offering loyalty rebates to existing North American customers for high-volume, long-term contracts becomes a critical tactic. This helps lock in volume against offshore competition, especially since more than 50 per cent of the plate consumed in Canada is serviced by offshore producers that Algoma contends are dumping product.

Driving production efficiency through the new Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) is central to making this domestic focus profitable. The cumulative investment for the EAF project was $910 million as of September 30, 2025, with an expected final aggregate cost of completion around $987 million. The operational target is clear:

  • Drive production efficiency with the new EAF to target an EBITDA break-even at 1-1.2 million tons of production.
  • Anticipate a significant cost reduction to $220 per ton at full EAF capacity.
  • Accelerate the decommissioning of the blast furnace and coke oven operations, with a planned transition to a five-day-per-week operating schedule in mid-November 2025.

The sales efforts are explicitly focused on existing construction and manufacturing sectors in Canada, supporting infrastructure, defense, and nation-building initiatives. This aligns with the CEO's stated vision of evolving from a cross-border commodity producer to a Canadian-focused steel supplier.

Here's a quick look at the Q3 2025 performance versus the EAF efficiency targets:

Metric Q3 2025 Actual Result EAF Target/Context
Shipments (Net Tons) 419,173 EBITDA Break-even at 1-1.2 million tons
Direct U.S. Tariff Cost $89.7 million U.S. shipments were approx. half of total volumes
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (16.6%) Target cost of $220 per ton at full capacity
Cost per Ton of Steel Sold $1,282 EAF cumulative investment to date: $910 million

The company secured $500 million in federal and provincial loan facilities to help navigate this period and reorient production. This support is crucial as the company works to shift its sales mix away from the U.S. market, which has proven financially punitive due to the tariffs.

Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) - Ansoff Matrix: Market Development

You're looking at how Algoma Steel Group Inc. can push its existing products-hot and cold rolled sheet and plate-into new geographic areas or customer segments. The immediate pressure point is the tariff environment, which you can see clearly in the Q3 2025 numbers.

The direct tariff expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025, hit $89.7 million, up from nil in the prior-year quarter. This tariff impact on Canadian sales alone was $32 million for that quarter. To be fair, shipments to the U.S. represented about half of total steel volumes, making this a major exposure. For the quarter ended June 30, 2025, Canadian net sales realizations were up to 40% lower than U.S. levels, showing the immediate price pressure from the 50% Section 232 tariff on steel exports to the United States.

Market development outside the U.S. becomes a clear path to diversify away from this risk. The EAF transformation is your biggest lever here. The shift to Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) steelmaking is expected to reduce annual carbon emissions by approximately 70%. This positions Algoma Steel Group Inc. to aggressively target European markets where strict environmental mandates create a premium for low-carbon steel, like the new Volta™ brand, which began its first production in early July 2025.

For domestic expansion within the U.S., focusing on regions less reliant on the direct cross-border flow that triggers tariffs is key. Meanwhile, for plate products, where Algoma Steel Group Inc. is the sole domestic supplier in Canada, defense and infrastructure are prime targets for market development.

Here's a look at the plate product focus:

  • Plate Product Shipments in Q1 2025 were 91K Tons, showing an 11% Quarter over Quarter increase.
  • The total facility raw steel production capacity is projected to be approximately 3.7 million tons annually after the EAF transformation is complete.
  • The company serves critical applications in construction, manufacturing, infrastructure, and transportation with its plate products.

To formalize the potential for these new market segments, consider this mapping:

Target Market/Segment Existing Product Focus Key Metric/Driver
European Union (EU) Hot/Cold Rolled Sheet Up to 70% $\text{CO}_2$ emission reduction potential
U.S. Non-Coastal/Inland States Hot/Cold Rolled Sheet Diversification from U.S. tariff exposure ($89.7 million in direct tariff expense in Q3 2025)
North American Defense Contractors Plate Products Algoma is the sole Canadian producer of discrete plate products
Wind Energy Infrastructure Plate Products New industrial segment leveraging plate quality

The successful commissioning of EAF Unit One in July 2025 means the low-carbon product is now real, not just a projection. Finance: draft the 13-week cash view incorporating potential European sales pipeline conversion rates by Friday.

Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) - Ansoff Matrix: Product Development

Market Volta™, Algoma Steel Group Inc.'s trademarked green steel, is positioned as a premium, low-carbon alternative for existing North American customers. All steel produced through the new Electric Arc Furnaces (EAFs) will carry the Volta name. This production method, powered by Ontario's clean electricity grid, is expected to reduce annual carbon emissions by up to 70%.

The first steel production from EAF Unit One was achieved on July 10, 2025, marking a pivotal milestone in the transformation. Upon completion of the EAF transformation, Algoma Steel's annual raw steel production capacity is projected to be approximately 3.7 million tons, which is expected to add ~700kt of finished steel capacity aligning with rolling capacity. The cumulative investment in the EAF project reached $910 million by September 30, 2025, with a final projected cost of $987 million.

To support this green steel offering, Algoma Steel is developing new high-strength, lighter-weight steel alloys for the automotive sector's transition to electric vehicles. The company manufactures hot and cold-rolled sheet steels in carbon and High-Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) grades, including ultra high strength steel (UHSS) grades. This UHSS is typically 20 to 30% lighter than conventional steel and offers excellent bending capability and dimensional control for automotive unexposed structural systems.

The strategy involves optimizing the new EAF's capabilities to produce specialized, ultra-thin gauge steel coil for niche fabrication markets. The EAF melt shop, supported by two 250-ton EAFs, is designed to produce high-quality liquid steel using recycled scrap metal, with the flexibility to incorporate a wide range of other iron inputs. The Danieli twin-tank vacuum degasser will support the production of advanced steel grades and further improve product quality of coil.

Introducing new value-added services like pre-cut or customized steel processing is intended to increase revenue per ton above the Q1 2025 average of $1,101. For context, the average realized price of steel net of freight and non-steel revenue in Q3 2025 was $1,129 per ton, and revenue per ton of steel sold in Q2 2025 was CA$1,249.

Investment in R&D is being channeled through the EAF transformation, which received up to $420 million in Government of Canada funding, including up to $200 million from the Strategic Innovation Fund's Net Zero Accelerator and $220 million from the Canada Infrastructure Bank. This investment supports the shift to EAF production, which uses electricity instead of coal and minimizes the need for mined ore.

Here's a quick look at relevant financial metrics from recent quarters to benchmark the revenue per ton goal:

Metric Q1 2025 (Ended Mar 31) Q2 2025 (Ended Jun 30) Q3 2025 (Ended Sep 30)
Revenue per Ton of Steel Sold (Reported/Realized) $1,101 (Target Benchmark) CA$1,249 $1,129 (Average Realized Price Net of Freight/Non-Steel Revenue)
Shipments (Tons) 469,731 Not explicitly stated for Q2 2025 in tons, but 472,056 tons shipped in Q2 2025 vs Q2 2024. 419,000 net tons
Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) Loss of $46.7 million (Including $50M insurance receivable) Not explicitly stated in search results. Loss of $87.1 million

The plate mill remains a bright spot, reporting plate shipments of approximately 97,000 tons in Q3 2025.

Algoma Steel Group Inc. (ASTL) - Ansoff Matrix: Diversification

You're looking at how Algoma Steel Group Inc. can move beyond its current product/market mix, especially given the current trade environment. Here's the quick math on the strategic moves you outlined for diversification.

Acquire a scrap processing business in the U.S. Midwest to secure prime scrap for the EAF, reducing raw material cost volatility.

  • Cost per ton of steel products sold was $1,282 in the third quarter of 2025.
  • The initial Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) cost target was stated as 'scrap plus USD 220 to 250.'
  • The EAF project has a final projected cost of $987 million, with a cumulative investment of $910 million as of September 30, 2025.

Form a joint venture to build a Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) or Hot Briquetted Iron (HBI) facility to secure virgin metallics, a defintely new market vertical.

This move addresses the need for raw materials beyond scrap, which is projected to be in high demand globally. While specific Algoma Steel Group Inc. joint venture figures aren't public, the EAF transformation itself represents a shift toward a more recycled-material-based process, aiming for an annual raw steel production capacity of approximately 3.7 million tons.

Metric Value
EAF Carbon Reduction Goal Approximately 70%
Q3 2025 Shipments 419,173 tons
Projected Final EAF Cost $987 million

Invest in non-steel, adjacent manufacturing like pre-fabricated modular construction components using Algoma Steel Group Inc.'s plate.

This leverages the existing plate business, which is Canada's only discrete plate product offering. Expanding into components uses this established product base.

  • Plate shipments in Q3 2025 were approximately 97,000 tons.
  • Upgrades to the discrete plate mill increased its capacity to 650,000 metric tons annually.

Develop a commercial-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) project, selling carbon credits as a new revenue stream.

The transition to EAF technology is the foundation for this, creating a lower-carbon product profile.

  • The EAF transformation is expected to reduce the Company's annual carbon emissions by approximately 70%.
  • The Company has applied for reimbursement for carbon taxes paid since 2022 under Ontario's Emissions Performance Program.

Establish a dedicated logistics and distribution hub in a new international region like Mexico to bypass current trade barriers.

The current trade environment has severely impacted export sales, making market diversification critical. Direct tariff costs in Q3 2025 totaled $89.7 million, and Canadian transactional pricing was up to 40% lower than U.S. levels in that quarter.

  • U.S. shipments represented approximately half of total steel volumes in Q3 2025.
  • The Company is exploring liquidity tools, including an application to the federal Large Enterprise Tariff Loan (LETL) program for $500 million.
  • The Company also has an expanded USD 375 million ABL facility.
Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.

Disclaimer

All information, articles, and product details provided on this website are for general informational and educational purposes only. We do not claim any ownership over, nor do we intend to infringe upon, any trademarks, copyrights, logos, brand names, or other intellectual property mentioned or depicted on this site. Such intellectual property remains the property of its respective owners, and any references here are made solely for identification or informational purposes, without implying any affiliation, endorsement, or partnership.

We make no representations or warranties, express or implied, regarding the accuracy, completeness, or suitability of any content or products presented. Nothing on this website should be construed as legal, tax, investment, financial, medical, or other professional advice. In addition, no part of this site—including articles or product references—constitutes a solicitation, recommendation, endorsement, advertisement, or offer to buy or sell any securities, franchises, or other financial instruments, particularly in jurisdictions where such activity would be unlawful.

All content is of a general nature and may not address the specific circumstances of any individual or entity. It is not a substitute for professional advice or services. Any actions you take based on the information provided here are strictly at your own risk. You accept full responsibility for any decisions or outcomes arising from your use of this website and agree to release us from any liability in connection with your use of, or reliance upon, the content or products found herein.