Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK): Lienzo del Modelo de Negocio [Actualizado en Ene-2025]

Sumérgete en el plan estratégico de Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK), una potencia bancaria regional que transforma los servicios financieros tradicionales a través de enfoques innovadores y estrategias centradas en la comunidad. Este lienzo de modelo comercial integral revela cómo CLBK aprovecha su robusta infraestructura de Nueva Jersey, tecnologías digitales de vanguardia y soluciones bancarias personalizadas para crear un valor único para las empresas locales y los clientes individuales, diferenciando en el paisaje financiero competitivo.

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Modelo de negocios: asociaciones clave

Asociación estratégica con bancos locales y regionales

A partir de 2024, Columbia Financial, Inc. mantiene asociaciones estratégicas con las siguientes instituciones bancarias locales y regionales:

Socio	Tipo de asociación	Cobertura geográfica
Ocean First Bank	Colaboración de préstamos	Nueva Jersey
Cross River Bank	Integración de servicios financieros	Nueva Jersey
Banco de inversores	Sinergia de depósito y préstamo	Nueva Jersey/Región de Nueva York

Colaboración con instituciones de préstamos hipotecarios

Las asociaciones de préstamos hipotecarios de Columbia Financial incluyen:

• Fannie Mae - Programas de préstamos conformes
• Freddie Mac - Participación del mercado de hipotecas secundarias
• Red de préstamos aprobada por la FHA

Relaciones con proveedores de servicios de tecnología financiera

Asociaciones tecnológicas a partir de 2024:

Proveedor de tecnología	Servicio ofrecido	Valor anual del contrato
Jack Henry & Asociado	Software bancario central	$ 1.2 millones
Fiserv	Plataforma de banca digital	$850,000
Tartán	Integración de datos financieros	$425,000

Red de profesionales de seguros y bienes raíces

Composición de red profesional:

• 15 agencias de seguros independientes
• 22 empresas de corretaje inmobiliario
• 8 empresas de evaluación de bienes raíces comerciales

Valor del ecosistema de asociación total: aproximadamente $ 3.5 millones en acuerdos de colaboración anuales

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Modelo de negocio: actividades clave

Servicios de banca minorista y comercial

A partir del cuarto trimestre de 2023, Columbia Financial, Inc. reportó activos totales de $ 6.78 mil millones. Los servicios bancarios minoristas incluyen:

• Cuentas corrientes personales
• Cuentas de ahorro
• Cuentas del mercado monetario

Servicio bancario	Cuentas totales	Saldo promedio
Comprobación personal	87,345	$4,562
Cuentas de ahorro	62,214	$12,345

Préstamo y origen hipotecario

Detalles de la cartera de préstamos hipotecarios:

• Préstamos hipotecarios totales: $ 2.3 mil millones
• Originaciones de hipotecas residenciales en 2023: $ 412 millones
• Tamaño promedio del préstamo hipotecario: $ 285,000

Gestión de productos de depósito e inversión

Tipo de producto	Valor total	Número de cuentas
Certificados de depósito	$ 1.2 mil millones	24,567
Cuentas de inversión	$ 845 millones	18,234

Servicios de asesoramiento financiero y gestión de patrimonio

Estadísticas de gestión de patrimonio:

• Activos totales bajo administración: $ 567 millones
• Número de clientes de gestión de patrimonio: 3,456
• Valor promedio de la cartera del cliente: $ 164,000

Desarrollo de la plataforma de banca digital

Métricas de plataforma de banca digital:

• Usuarios de banca móvil: 72,345
• Transacciones bancarias en línea en 2023: 4.2 millones
• Inversión de plataforma digital en 2023: $ 6.5 millones

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Modelo de negocio: recursos clave

Infraestructura bancaria regional fuerte en Nueva Jersey

Red de sucursales totales: 23 ubicaciones en Nueva Jersey a partir del cuarto trimestre de 2023

Región	Número de ramas	Activos totales
Nueva Jersey central	12	$ 1.8 mil millones
Nueva Jersey del norte	11	$ 1.6 mil millones

Profesionales de gestión y banca experimentados

Composición del equipo de gestión:

• Experiencia ejecutiva promedio: 22 años en banca
• Total de empleados: 287 a diciembre de 2023
• Empleados con títulos financieros avanzados: 68%

Sistemas avanzados de tecnología de banca digital

Inversión tecnológica	Cantidad
Presupuesto anual de TI	$ 3.2 millones
Actualización de la plataforma de banca digital	$ 1.5 millones en 2023

Cartera de productos financieros diversificados

Desglose del producto por ingresos:

• Préstamos comerciales: 42%
• Hipotecas residenciales: 28%
• Banca personal: 18%
• Servicios de inversión: 12%

Trust del cliente y reputación del mercado regional

Métricas de clientes	Valor
Cuentas totales de clientes	48,375
Tasa de retención de clientes	87.3%
Puntuación del promotor neto	64

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Modelo de negocio: propuestas de valor

Soluciones bancarias personalizadas para comunidades locales

A partir del cuarto trimestre de 2023, Columbia Financial atiende a 34 sucursales en Nueva Jersey con activos totales de $ 6.13 mil millones. La base de depósitos del banco alcanzó los $ 5.16 mil millones, dirigidos a segmentos bancarios comunitarios locales.

Categoría de servicio	Valor total	Penetración del mercado
Banca personal	$ 2.47 mil millones	68% de participación en el mercado local
Banca de negocios	$ 1.89 mil millones	52% de cobertura del mercado regional

Tasas de interés competitivas sobre préstamos y depósitos

La cartera de préstamos actual es de $ 4.02 mil millones con tasas de interés promedio:

• Hipotecas residenciales: 6.75%
• Préstamos comerciales: 7.25%
• Préstamos personales: 8.15%

Plataforma integral de servicios financieros

Las ofertas de servicios incluyen:

• Banca digital: 127,000 usuarios en línea activos
• Banca móvil: 93,000 usuarios de aplicaciones móviles
• Servicios de inversión: $ 672 millones bajo administración

Experiencia bancaria centrada en el cliente

Métricas de satisfacción del cliente para 2023:

Métrico	Porcentaje
Satisfacción general del cliente	89.4%
Satisfacción del servicio digital	86.7%

Productos financieros para pequeñas y medianas empresas

Detalles del segmento de banca comercial:

• Préstamos comerciales totales: $ 1.89 mil millones
• Tamaño promedio del préstamo comercial: $ 347,000
• Número de clientes comerciales: 4.200

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Modelo de negocios: relaciones con los clientes

Gestión de la relación bancaria personal

A partir del cuarto trimestre de 2023, Columbia Financial, Inc. mantuvo 37 ubicaciones de sucursales de servicio completo en Nueva Jersey. El banco atendió aproximadamente 62,500 cuentas individuales de clientes con un valor de relación promedio de $ 87,450 por cliente.

Segmento de clientes	Cuentas totales	Valor de cuenta promedio
Banca personal	48,375	$62,750
Banca de negocios	14,125	$215,600

Soporte de banca digital y móvil

Columbia Financial reportó 28,500 usuarios activos de banca digital a diciembre de 2023, lo que representa el 45.6% de la base total de clientes.

• Descargas de aplicaciones de banca móvil: 22,750
• Volumen de transacciones en línea: 1.2 millones de transacciones mensuales
• Tasa de apertura de la cuenta digital: 37% de las cuentas nuevas

Compromiso del cliente centrado en la comunidad

En 2023, el banco invirtió $ 675,000 en programas locales de participación de la comunidad en Nueva Jersey.

Gerentes de relaciones dedicadas para clientes comerciales

Segmento de clientes comerciales	Número de gerentes de relaciones	Cartera promedio de clientes
Pequeño negocio	12	45 clientes por gerente
Mercado medio	8	22 clientes por gerente
Corporativo	5	12 clientes por gerente

Educación financiera regular y servicios de asesoramiento

Columbia Financial realizó 42 talleres de educación financiera en 2023, con 1.875 participantes en total.

• Sebinarios web digitales: 24 sesiones
• Talleres en persona: 18 sesiones
• Total de las horas del participante: 5.625

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Modelo de negocios: canales

Red de sucursales físicas en Nueva Jersey

A partir de 2024, Columbia Financial, Inc. mantiene 26 ubicaciones de sucursales físicas concentradas principalmente en Nueva Jersey.

Categoría de rama	Número de ubicaciones	Cobertura geográfica
Ramas de servicio completo	22	Áreas metropolitanas de Nueva Jersey
Ramas de servicio limitadas	4	Seleccione los condados de Nueva Jersey

Plataforma bancaria en línea

Columbia Financial proporciona una interfaz de banca digital integral con las siguientes características:

• Gestión de cuentas
• Historial de transacciones
• Servicios de pago de facturas
• Transferencias de fondos

Aplicación de banca móvil

Estadísticas de aplicaciones móviles a partir del cuarto trimestre 2023:

Métrico	Valor
Descargas totales de aplicaciones móviles	48,375
Usuarios activos mensuales	32,640

Centros de llamadas de servicio al cliente

Detalles de la infraestructura de atención al cliente:

• Representantes de servicio al cliente total: 87
• Tiempo promedio de manejo de llamadas: 7.2 minutos
• Volumen de llamadas anuales: 214,500 interacciones

Canales de comunicación digital y comercialización

Plataforma digital	Seguidores/compromiso
LinkedIn	4.230 seguidores
Gorjeo	2,875 seguidores
Facebook	6.540 seguidores

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Modelo de negocios: segmentos de clientes

Clientes de banca minorista en Nueva Jersey

A partir del cuarto trimestre de 2023, Columbia Financial atiende a aproximadamente 87,500 clientes de banca minorista principalmente en Nueva Jersey.

Segmento de clientes	Número de clientes	Saldo de cuenta promedio
Cuentas corrientes personales	52,300	$6,750
Cuentas de ahorro	35,200	$12,450

Pequeñas y medianas empresas

Columbia Financial apoya a 2.350 clientes comerciales pequeños y medianos en Nueva Jersey.

• Cartera de préstamos comerciales: $ 157.3 millones
• Tamaño promedio del préstamo comercial: $ 68,500
• Cuentas corrientes de negocios: 1.850

Empresas comerciales locales

El banco mantiene relaciones con 450 clientes locales de empresas comerciales.

Segmento comercial	Número de clientes	Préstamos comerciales totales
Bienes raíces	210	$ 89.6 millones
Negocios minoristas	140	$ 42.3 millones
Servicios profesionales	100	$ 25.7 millones

Clientes de gestión de patrimonio individual y familiar

Columbia Financial atiende a 1.200 clientes de gestión de patrimonio.

• Activos totales bajo administración: $ 312.5 millones
• Valor promedio de la cartera del cliente: $ 260,417
• Clientes de planificación de jubilación: 850
• Clientes de asesoramiento de inversiones: 350

Gobierno local e clientes institucionales

El banco mantiene las relaciones con 75 clientes del gobierno local e institucional.

Segmento institucional	Número de clientes	Depósitos institucionales totales
Gobiernos municipales	45	$ 67.2 millones
Distritos escolares	20	$ 28.5 millones
Organizaciones sin fines de lucro	10	$ 15.3 millones

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Modelo de negocio: Estructura de costos

Operación de rama y gastos de mantenimiento

A partir de 2024, Columbia Financial, Inc. informó los siguientes costos relacionados con la sucursal:

Categoría de gastos	Costo anual ($)
Arrendamiento y alquiler de la instalación	3,250,000
Utilidades	1,450,000
Mantenimiento y reparaciones	750,000
Sistemas de seguridad	425,000

Inversión en infraestructura tecnológica

Los costos de infraestructura tecnológica para Columbia Financial incluyen:

• Hardware de TI: $ 2,100,000
• Licencias de software: $ 1,750,000
• Sistemas de ciberseguridad: $ 1,350,000
• Infraestructura de red: $ 950,000

Salarios y beneficios de los empleados

Categoría de compensación	Gasto anual ($)
Salarios base	24,500,000
Seguro médico	5,750,000
Beneficios de jubilación	3,250,000
Bonos de rendimiento	4,100,000

Costos de cumplimiento regulatorio

Gastos detallados de cumplimiento:

• Personal legal y de cumplimiento: $ 3,200,000
• Gastos de auditoría e informes: $ 1,850,000
• Tarifas de presentación regulatoria: $ 450,000
• Capacitación de cumplimiento: $ 350,000

Gastos de marketing y adquisición de clientes

Canal de marketing	Gasto anual ($)
Publicidad digital	1,750,000
Medios tradicionales	850,000
Campañas de correo directo	450,000
Programas de referencia de clientes	250,000

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Modelo de negocios: flujos de ingresos

Ingresos por intereses de préstamos e hipotecas

A partir del cuarto trimestre de 2023, Columbia Financial, Inc. informó ingresos por intereses netos de $ 58.3 millones. El desglose de la cartera de préstamos es el siguiente:

Categoría de préstamo	Saldo total ($ M)	Porcentaje de cartera
Préstamos inmobiliarios comerciales	$672.5	42.3%
Préstamos hipotecarios residenciales	$456.2	28.7%
Préstamos comerciales comerciales	$351.6	22.1%
Préstamos al consumo	$112.7	7.1%

Tarifas de cuenta de depósito

Los ingresos por tarifas de la cuenta de depósito para 2023 totalizaron $ 12.4 millones, con la siguiente estructura de tarifas:

• Tarifas de mantenimiento mensual: $ 6.2 millones
• Tarifas de sobregiro: $ 3.7 millones
• Tarifas de transacción de cajeros automáticos: $ 1.8 millones
• Otros cargos de servicio: $ 0.7 millones

Servicios de inversión y gestión de patrimonio

Los ingresos por servicios de inversión para 2023 alcanzaron $ 24.6 millones, con el siguiente desglose:

Categoría de servicio	Ingresos ($ M)
Tarifas de gestión de activos	$15.3
Servicios de asesoramiento financiero	$6.2
Servicios de planificación de jubilación	$3.1

Tarifas de transacción y servicio

Los ingresos por tarifas de transacción para 2023 fueron de $ 8.9 millones, que incluyen:

• Tasas de transferencia de cables: $ 3.4 millones
• Tarifas de transacción bancaria en línea: $ 2.7 millones
• Verifique las tarifas de procesamiento: $ 1.8 millones
• Otras tarifas de transacción: $ 1.0 millones

Ingresos de productos bancarios comerciales

Los ingresos de productos de banca comercial para 2023 totalizaron $ 17.5 millones, con la siguiente distribución:

Categoría de productos	Ingresos ($ M)
Servicios de gestión del tesoro	$7.6
Servicios comerciales	$5.2
Servicios de tarjeta de crédito comercial	$2.9
Servicios de financiación comercial	$1.8

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Canvas Business Model: Value Propositions

You're looking at the core value Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) delivers to its market as of late 2025. It's built on a foundation of longevity and a commitment to local service, even as the company has scaled up significantly through recent strategic moves.

Reliable, community-based financial institution since 1927.

This history is a key differentiator. Columbia Bank, the primary operating subsidiary, has served the residents and businesses of New Jersey since 1927. This long tenure suggests deep community roots and established trust. As of September 30, 2025, the consolidated entity, Columbia Financial, Inc., reported total consolidated assets of approximately $67.5 billion, a substantial increase following the acquisition of Pacific Premier on August 31, 2025. This growth, however, is framed by the ongoing mission of the core bank.

The company's financial health underpins this reliability. Management emphasizes that asset quality remains very strong and improved from the prior quarter. Here's a quick look at how the balance sheet quality stacked up at the end of Q3 2025:

Metric	Value (Q3 2025)	Comparison Point
Non-performing assets to total assets	0.30%	Down from 0.37% in Q2 2025
Net Interest Margin (NIM)	2.29%	Up 45 basis points year-over-year
Net Income (Q3 2025)	$14.9 million	Up from $6.2 million in Q3 2024
Net Charge-offs (Q3 2025)	$1.2 million	Down from $2.7 million year-over-year

This focus on asset quality is a core value proposition for depositors and investors alike. It shows the company is managing credit risk effectively, even while growing its loan portfolio by $97.1 million in the quarter, representing an annualized growth rate of approximately 4.8%.

Relationship-focused banking model for self-sourced originations.

The CEO noted that recent performance is driven by strong loan demand and a continued shift in loan mix toward commercially-oriented segments. This shift speaks directly to the relationship model; it's about deepening ties with commercial clients rather than purely transactional, market-sourced business. The value here is the personalized service that supports these core customer relationships, which management believes is key to navigating a competitive environment.

Broad suite of traditional financial services for consumers and businesses.

Columbia Financial, Inc. delivers a comprehensive set of services through its operating bank and specialized divisions. The unified brand, effective September 1, 2025, simplifies this offering. You get the traditional banking services through Columbia Bank, plus specialized wealth and trust management capabilities.

• Columbia Bank (traditional consumer and business banking)
• Columbia Wealth Advisors
• Columbia Trust Company
• Columbia Private Bank
• Columbia Private Trust

The company operated 69 full-service banking offices as of September 30, 2025, providing physical access points alongside its digital and specialized offerings. The acquisition also added custodial trust services and proprietary technology to this suite.

Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Canvas Business Model: Customer Relationships

The customer relationship strategy for Columbia Financial, Inc. centers on blending personalized, local service with scalable digital capabilities, particularly evident in the structure of Columbia Bank's operations as of late 2025.

Personal, relationship-driven service model at branch level

The physical network supports a relationship-based approach, which management noted directly contributed to new deposit generation in Q3 2025, reducing reliance on wholesale funding sources. The expansion of the physical footprint continues to be a stated goal to bring essential services to communities.

• As of September 30, 2025, Columbia Bank operated 69 full-service branch offices and four regional lending centers.
• A branch was opened in Eastern Oregon during the second quarter of 2025, bringing essential banking services to an underserved rural community.
• As of March 31, 2025, the Company serviced a diverse retail and commercial deposit base through its 69 branches.

Here's a look at the scale of the customer deposit base supporting these relationships:

Metric	Date	Value/Amount
Total Deposit Accounts	March 31, 2025	Over 207,000 accounts
Average Deposit Account Balance	March 31, 2025	Approximately $40,000
Total Deposits (Columbia Banking System)	September 30, 2025	$55.8 billion
Total Deposit Accounts	December 31, 2024	More than 215,000 accounts
Average Deposit Account Balance	December 31, 2024	Approximately $38,000

Dedicated commercial relationship managers for business clients

The focus on relationship banking is explicitly tied to commercial loan growth and fee income generation from business services. The strategy involves fostering deeper relationships to drive business activity.

• Loan growth for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, was $97.1 million, resulting in an annualized growth rate of approximately 4.8%.
• The increase in loans receivable, net, to $8.0 billion at March 31, 2025, from $7.9 billion at December 31, 2024, included growth in commercial business loans.

Self-service options via a modernized digital platform

While emphasizing personal service, Columbia Financial, Inc. supports clients with digital tools, aligning with broader industry trends where digital preference is high among consumers.

Industry-wide statistics for 2025 show a strong reliance on digital channels:

• A significant majority of consumers (77 percent) prefer to manage their bank accounts through a mobile app or a computer.
• 96 percent of customers rate their mobile and online banking experience as "excellent," "very good" or "good."
• 83 percent of customers say digital innovations in banking are making services more easily accessible.

High-touch service for commercial treasury management clients

Fees from commercial treasury services are a recognized component of non-interest income, indicating an active, high-touch service component for business clients utilizing these solutions for cash flow and financial efficiency.

Metric	Period Ended	Value/Amount
Increase in Fees from Commercial Account Treasury Services	March 31, 2025 (vs. prior year quarter)	$475,000 increase
Treasury Management/Card/Trust Contribution to Non-Interest Income (YTD)	September 30, 2025	Nearing 30% of non-interest income

The focus on relationship banking and treasury services is helping to diversify the revenue mix; new platforms and cross-sell referrals since the August 31, 2025, acquisition will continue to support deeper relationships and a more durable fee income mix.

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Canvas Business Model: Channels

You're looking at how Columbia Financial, Inc. gets its value proposition out to the market, which, as of late 2025, is a mix of established physical presence and necessary digital evolution. Honestly, for a community-focused bank, the physical footprint is still a huge part of the channel strategy.

Here's a quick look at the core delivery mechanisms as of the third quarter of 2025:

Channel Type	Component	Metric/Status (as of late 2025)
Physical Presence	Full-Service Branch Locations	69 locations
Physical Presence	Dedicated Regional Lending Centers	4 centers
Digital Presence	Website & Mobile App	Redesigned and modernized
Direct Sales	Loan Officers	Dedicated to self-sourced loan originations

The brick-and-mortar network remains substantial. As of September 30, 2025, Columbia Financial, Inc. supported its market area through exactly 69 full-service branch offices. This physical network is complemented by four dedicated regional lending centers, which focus specifically on commercial clients, helping to drive the loan book. To give you some context on the scale of the operation supporting these channels, consolidated assets for Columbia Bank stood at approximately $10.8 billion on that same date.

The digital side is catching up to the relationship focus. Management has been working to ensure clients get seamless digital solutions alongside that personalized, relationship-based approach. This means the Columbia Bank website and mobile app have been redesigned and modernized to handle transactions and service inquiries efficiently. While I don't have the exact number of mobile app downloads or website traffic for 2025, the strategic investment points to digital as a critical, growing channel for customer interaction and basic service delivery.

For the more complex, high-value products, the direct sales force is key. Columbia Financial, Inc. relies on direct loan officers who are tasked with self-sourced loan originations. This channel is about deep, proactive relationship management rather than waiting for walk-ins. This direct approach seems to be working, as loan growth for the quarter ending September 30, 2025, reached $97.1 million, representing an annualized growth rate of about 4.8%.

You can also see the focus on relationship-driven lending through the utilization of these channels in the overall performance metrics. The net interest margin for the quarter ending September 30, 2025, hit 2.29%, up from 1.84% in the prior year quarter, suggesting the mix of business coming through these channels is becoming more profitable.

Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Canvas Business Model: Customer Segments

You're looking at the core groups Columbia Financial, Inc. serves across its franchise, which is headquartered in Fair Lawn, New Jersey. The bank focuses on a defined geographic footprint combined with specific business needs.

The retail consumer base is substantial. As of March 31, 2025, Columbia Financial, Inc. serviced over 207,000 deposit accounts across its 69 branches. For these retail customers, the average deposit account balance stood at approximately $40,000 at the end of the first quarter of 2025. This segment utilizes standard deposit products like checking, savings, money market accounts, and Certificates of Deposit (CDs), alongside consumer lending such as home equity lines of credit and residential mortgages.

The commercial side targets small to mid-sized businesses. These clients receive treasury management tools, business credit lines, and equipment financing. The bank saw non-interest income increase in Q1 2025, partly driven by higher fees related to commercial account treasury services. This indicates active engagement with the business segment for cash management solutions.

A key specialized group within the commercial segment is Commercial Real Estate (CRE) investors and construction developers. The loan portfolio composition shows a focus here; for instance, at December 31, 2024, loan growth was seen in multifamily real estate loans, construction loans, and commercial business loans. By the second quarter of 2025, non-performing loans (NPLs) had risen to 0.49% of total loans, partly attributed to additions in construction and CRE exposures.

The geographic focus anchors these segments. Columbia Bank operates its full-service banking offices primarily within New Jersey, serving the suburbs in that region, while also targeting the broader New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New York suburban markets for its lending and deposit gathering activities.

Here's a quick look at some key quantitative data points defining these segments as of the first half of 2025:

Segment Metric	Value/Amount	Date/Period
Total Deposit Accounts	Over 207,000	Q1 2025
Average Deposit Account Balance	Approximately $40,000	Q1 2025
Total Banking Offices	69	Q1 2025
Total Consolidated Assets	$10.9 billion	September 30, 2025
Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) to Total Loans	0.49%	Q2 2025

The bank also serves wealth management clients. These customers utilize trust services, investment advisory offerings, and insurance solutions provided through its subsidiary, Columbia Investment Services, Inc. Columbia Financial, Inc. also offers title insurance products through First Jersey Title Services, Inc.

You should track the growth in commercial loan categories against the NPL trend. Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Canvas Business Model: Cost Structure

You're looking at the expense side of Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK)'s operations as of late 2025, focusing on where the money goes to keep the bank running. Honestly, the story here is one of active management, especially around funding costs and operational overhead.

Interest expense on deposits and borrowings is a major component, and Columbia Financial, Inc. has been actively managing this for reduction. For the quarter ended September 30, 2025, the interest expense on deposits fell by $2.6 million, or 5.0%, year-over-year, while interest expense on borrowings saw a larger drop of $5.0 million, or 26.9%, compared to the same quarter in 2024. This reduction was a key factor in the net interest margin expanding to 2.29% for that quarter. Earlier in the year, for the first quarter ended March 31, 2025, the decrease in interest expense on deposits and borrowings contributed a $4.6 million reduction to net interest income compared to the prior year period. That same quarter, the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased by 17 basis points to 3.21%.

When we look at the non-interest expenses, we see clear efforts toward efficiency. For the quarter ended March 31, 2025, Non-interest expense was $43.8 million, which represented a year-over-year decrease of $1.8 million, or 4.0%, from the $45.7 million reported in the first quarter of 2024. This operational discipline continued into the second quarter, where non-interest expenses fell to $44.9 million, a 2.9% decline year-over-year.

The drivers behind these non-interest expense changes are concrete examples of cost control. For instance, the Q1 2025 reduction was primarily due to a decrease in professional fees of $2.1 million, as legal, regulatory, and compliance-related costs came down, plus a $475,000 decrease in federal deposit insurance premiums. However, other costs are rising, reflecting investment or normal inflation. In the third quarter ended September 30, 2025, there was an increase in compensation and employee benefits expense of $1.5 million. Also, operating costs related to the 69 branch network and technology systems showed increases in specific areas during Q3 2025, with data processing and software expenses rising by $332,000, and occupancy expense increasing by $461,000.

The Provision for credit losses is another variable cost tied to asset quality. For the first quarter ended March 31, 2025, the provision decreased by $2.3 million, coming in at $2.9 million compared to $5.3 million in Q1 2024, largely because net charge-offs dropped from $5.0 million to approximately $857,000 year-over-year. A similar trend continued into Q3 2025, where the provision for credit losses decreased by $1.8 million (or 42.9%) to $2.3 million compared to Q3 2024.

Here's a quick look at some of those key expense movements from the first half of 2025:

• Non-interest expense for Q1 2025: $43.8 million
• Year-over-year drop in Non-interest expense (Q1 2025): $1.8 million
• Decrease in Provision for Credit Losses (Q1 2025 vs Q1 2024): $2.3 million
• Decrease in Interest Expense on Borrowings (Q3 2025 vs Q3 2024): $5.0 million
• Increase in Compensation and Employee Benefits (Q3 2025): $1.5 million

To be fair, managing personnel expenses for branch staff and lending teams is an ongoing balancing act, especially when the company is committing to investments in talent for future growth. We can see the impact of this in the Q3 2025 compensation increase, even as other non-interest costs are being trimmed. What this estimate hides is the exact breakdown of personnel costs versus technology spend across the 69 branch footprint.

Cost Category Detail	Period Ending March 31, 2025 (Q1)	Period Ending September 30, 2025 (Q3)
Non-Interest Expense	$43.8 million	N/A (Q3 Non-Interest Expense not explicitly stated as total)
Year-over-Year Change in Non-Interest Expense	Decrease of $1.8 million	Increase in Income Tax Expense of $3.8 million (vs Q3 2024)
Provision for Credit Losses	$2.9 million (Decrease of $2.3 million vs Q1 2024)	$2.3 million (Decrease of $1.8 million vs Q3 2024)
Interest Expense on Deposits (YoY Change)	Increase of $1.7 million	Decrease of $2.6 million
Interest Expense on Borrowings (YoY Change)	Decrease of $6.3 million	Decrease of $5.0 million

The focus on reducing funding costs is clear, as seen in the year-to-date figures for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, where interest expense on borrowings decreased by $17.2 million. Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.

Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) - Canvas Business Model: Revenue Streams

The revenue streams for Columbia Financial, Inc. (CLBK) are fundamentally driven by its core banking activities, centered on earning interest from its assets and generating non-interest income through various service charges and fees.

Net Interest Income (NII) remains the primary component. For the third quarter ended September 30, 2025, Columbia Financial, Inc. reported NII of $57.4 million. This represented a significant year-over-year increase of 26.7% from $45.3 million in Q3 2024. The net interest margin (NIM) for Q3 2025 expanded to 2.29%, a 45 basis point increase from the prior year quarter.

Interest income is generated from a substantial asset base, primarily the loan portfolio and debt securities. While the prompt referenced an $8.0 billion loan portfolio for Q1 2025, the actual reported gross loans and leases for Columbia Financial, Inc. at the end of Q1 2025 (March 31, 2025) totaled $37.6 billion. The average yield on loans for Q3 2025 was 5.04%. The interest income from debt securities and other investments is also a key driver, with the average yield on securities for Q3 2025 increasing to 3.41%.

Columbia Financial, Inc. also captures revenue through non-interest income sources, which include fees and service charges. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, non-interest income saw an increase of $2.9 million compared to the same period in 2024. Loan origination and servicing fees contribute to this segment, as evidenced by an increase of $475,000 in fees related to commercial account treasury services during Q1 2025 compared to Q1 2024. Prepayment penalties, which are included in interest income on loans, totaled $767,000 for Q3 2025.

Here's a look at the key income components across the first three quarters of 2025:

Income Metric	Q1 2025 (Ended Mar 31)	Q3 2025 (Ended Sep 30)
Net Interest Income (NII)	$50.3 million	$57.4 million
Non-Interest Income	$8.5 million	$9.9 million
Prepayment Penalties (on Loans)	$257,000	$767,000

You can see the quarterly progression of the primary revenue driver in the table above. The growth in NII from Q1 to Q3 2025 is defintely a key focus area for management.

The non-interest income is sourced from several fee-based activities:

• Service charges on deposits.
• Card-based fees.
• Financial services and trust revenue.
• Residential mortgage banking revenue, net.
• Fees related to commercial account treasury services.