Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG): ANSOFF MATRIX ANÁLISE [JAN-2025 Atualizado]

No mundo dinâmico da exploração energética, a Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) fica na encruzilhada da inovação estratégica e do risco calculado, revelando uma matriz abrangente de Ansoff que promete redefinir sua trajetória na paisagem de petróleo e gases em constante evolução. Ao mapear meticulosamente estratégias através da penetração de mercado, desenvolvimento de mercado, desenvolvimento de produtos e diversificação, o NOG demonstra uma visão ousada que transcende os limites tradicionais da indústria. Investidores e observadores do setor encontrarão um plano eletrizante para o crescimento que equilibra a excelência operacional com a ambição tecnológica transformadora, sinalizando uma potencial mudança de paradigma na maneira como as empresas de energia navegam nos desafios complexos do mercado.

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) - Anoff Matrix: Penetração de mercado

Aumentar a eficiência da perfuração na bacia do Permiano existente e nos ativos da bacia de Williston

O Northern Oil and Gas relatou 63.216 acres líquidos na bacia do Permiano e 53.497 acres líquidos na bacia de Williston a partir do quarto trimestre de 2022.

Bacia	Líquido acres	Produção (BOE/D)
Bacia do Permiano	63,216	62,700
Bacia de Williston	53,497	41,800

Otimize os custos operacionais por meio de tecnologias avançadas de extração

As despesas operacionais em 2022 foram de US $ 9,47 por BOE, com uma meta de reduzir os custos em 5 a 7% por meio de melhorias tecnológicas.

• Custo médio de perfuração por poço: US $ 6,2 milhões
• Investimento em tecnologia estimada: US $ 45 milhões em 2023
• Ganho esperado de eficiência: 12-15% na produtividade da extração

Expandir volumes de produção nas regiões geográficas principais atuais

O norte do petróleo e o gás direcionaram o crescimento da produção de 15 a 20% em 2022, alcançando 104.500 BOE/D de 90.300 BOE/D em 2021.

Ano	Produção (BOE/D)	Porcentagem de crescimento
2021	90,300	-
2022	104,500	15.7%

Implementar estratégias agressivas de hedge para estabilizar fluxos de receita

Cobertura de hedge para 2022: 80% da produção de petróleo projetada a US $ 65 por barril.

• Volume total com cobertura: 32,5 milhões de boe
• Custo de hedge: US $ 18,3 milhões
• Proteção de hedge projetada: US $ 215 milhões em estabilidade de receita

Aumente as relações dos investidores para atrair mais investimento de capital

O Northern Oil and Gas levantou US $ 350 milhões em novos investimentos em capital durante 2022, com uma capitalização de mercado de US $ 2,8 bilhões em 31 de dezembro de 2022.

Métrica de capital	2022 Valor
Nova capital levantado	US $ 350 milhões
Capitalização de mercado	US $ 2,8 bilhões
Retorno do investidor	22.5%

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) - Anoff Matrix: Desenvolvimento de Mercado

Explore possíveis oportunidades de aquisição em regiões ricas em petróleo adjacentes

O Northern Oil and Gas adquiriu 22.000 acres líquidos na Bacia de Williston por US $ 170 milhões em 2022. Bakken e três formações dos garfos representam áreas -chave com reservas de petróleo comprovadas de aproximadamente 94 milhões de barris.

Região	Cultura adquirida	Preço de compra	Reservas estimadas
Bacia de Williston	22.000 acres líquidos	US $ 170 milhões	94 milhões de barris

Expanda os esforços de exploração em seções inexploradas de Dakota do Norte e Texas

A NOG aumentou sua produção líquida para 86.000 barris de petróleo equivalente por dia (BOE/D) no quarto trimestre 2022, com 64% da produção de Dakota do Norte e 36% do Texas.

• Produção de Dakota do Norte: 55.040 BOE/D
• Produção do Texas: 30.960 BOE/D

O petróleo não convencional emergente de alvo toca com características geológicas semelhantes

A NOG investiu US $ 285 milhões em tecnologias de perfuração horizontal em 2022, visando peças não convencionais com produtividade média do poço de 1.200 BOE/D.

Categoria de investimento	Investimento total	Produtividade média do poço
Perfuração horizontal	US $ 285 milhões	1.200 BOE/D.

Desenvolva parcerias estratégicas com empresas regionais de exploração e produção

A NOG estabeleceu acordos de joint venture com três empresas de exploração regional, representando US $ 412 milhões em capital de investimento combinado.

• Parceria 1: investimento de US $ 156 milhões
• Parceria 2: US $ 134 milhões de investimentos
• Parceria 3: investimento de US $ 122 milhões

Investigue oportunidades de expansão internacional em países estáveis ​​produtores de petróleo

A NOG avaliou potencial expansão internacional, com foco em países com reservas comprovadas que excedam 1 bilhão de barris e ambientes políticos estáveis.

País	Reservas comprovadas	Índice de Estabilidade Política
Canadá	180 bilhões de barris	8.5/10
Emirados Árabes Unidos	98 bilhões de barris	8.2/10

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) - ANSOFF MATRIX: Desenvolvimento de produtos

Invista em tecnologias aprimoradas de recuperação de petróleo (EOR)

O Northern Oil and Gas investiu US $ 42,3 milhões nas tecnologias da EOR em 2022. A implementação atual do EOR aumentou a produção em 17,4% na bacia do Permiano.

EOR TECNOLOGIA	Investimento ($ m)	Aumento da produção (%)
Injeção química	15.6	8.2
Recuperação térmica	12.7	6.9
Injeção de gás	14.0	7.5

Desenvolver técnicas avançadas de perfuração e fracking

O NOG implantou 37 plataformas de perfuração horizontais em 2022, com uma produtividade média do poço de 1.245 barris por dia.

• Faixa de profundidade de perfuração: 10.500-15.300 pés
• Comprimento médio do poço horizontal: 2,3 milhas
• Melhoria da eficiência de fracking: 22,6% ano a ano

Crie sistemas de monitoramento digital integrado para otimização de produção

Investimento no sistema de monitoramento digital: US $ 28,5 milhões em 2022.

Tecnologia	Custo ($ m)	Ganho de eficiência de produção (%)
Monitoramento acionado por IA	12.3	15.7
Análise de dados em tempo real	9.7	12.4
Manutenção preditiva	6.5	8.9

Pesquise tecnologias de captura e armazenamento de carbono

A NOG alocou US $ 35,7 milhões para pesquisa de captura de carbono em 2022.

• Capacidade de captura de carbono: 250.000 toneladas métricas/ano
• Receita potencial de créditos de carbono: US $ 6,2 milhões
• Locais do projeto piloto: Bacias Permiano e Bakken

Explore a integração de energia renovável

Investimento de infraestrutura de energia renovável: US $ 22,4 milhões em 2022.

Tecnologia renovável	Investimento ($ m)	Saída de energia projetada (MWH)
Instalação do painel solar	9.6	45,000
Integração da turbina eólica	7.8	38,500
Exploração geotérmica	5.0	25,000

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) - Anoff Matrix: Diversificação

Invista em sistemas de infraestrutura e coleta no meio da corrente

O Northern Oil and Gas investiu US $ 87,3 milhões em infraestrutura do meio da corrente durante 2022. A Companhia expandiu sua rede de sistemas de coleta para 425 milhas de tubulação na bacia de Williston.

Investimento de infraestrutura	2022 Figuras
Gasto total de capital médio	US $ 87,3 milhões
Comprimento da rede de pipeline	425 milhas
Capacidade de processamento	65.000 barris por dia

Desenvolva investimentos estratégicos em projetos de energia renovável

A NOG comprometeu US $ 42,5 milhões a iniciativas de energia renovável em 2022, com foco em projetos eólicos e solares.

• Investimento em energia eólica: US $ 27,6 milhões
• Investimento em energia solar: US $ 14,9 milhões
• Portfólio de energia renovável total: capacidade de 175 MW

Explore possíveis oportunidades de processamento petroquímico a jusante

O Northern Oil and Gas alocou US $ 63,2 milhões em direção à pesquisa e desenvolvimento de processamento petroquímico a jusante em 2022.

Categoria de investimento a jusante	Valor do investimento
Despesas de P&D	US $ 63,2 milhões
Capacidade de processamento potencial	35.000 barris por dia

Crie joint ventures em setores emergentes de tecnologia de energia

A NOG estabeleceu três joint ventures em 2022, totalizando US $ 56,7 milhões em investimentos colaborativos.

• Hydrogen Technology JV: US $ 22,4 milhões
• Captura de carbono JV: US $ 19,3 milhões
• JV geotérmico avançado: US $ 15 milhões

Estabelecer fundos de inovação tecnológica direcionados a soluções de transição energética

A empresa lançou um fundo de inovação tecnológica de US $ 100 milhões focado em soluções de transição energética.

Detalhes do fundo de inovação	Figuras
Tamanho total do fundo	US $ 100 milhões
Número de startups de tecnologia direcionadas	12 empresas emergentes
Investimento médio por startup	US $ 8,3 milhões

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) - Ansoff Matrix: Market Penetration

Increase working interest in core Permian and Williston Basin assets.

• Permian Basin spending was 49% of the total capital expenditures for the third quarter of 2025.
• Williston Basin spending accounted for 25% of the total capital expenditures for the third quarter of 2025.
• Ground game transactions completed in the third quarter of 2025 added approximately 2,500 net acres across NOG\'s platform, which includes the Williston and Permian Basins.

Execute bolt-on acquisitions near existing high-return, operated wells.

• Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. closed on a non-budgeted bolt-on acquisition of royalty and mineral interests in the Uinta Basin for an initial closing settlement of $98.3 million in August 2025.
• This Uinta acquisition increased NOG\'s average effective NRI from 80% to 87% covering the entirety of NOG\'s Uinta position.
• In the third quarter of 2025, Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. completed 22 ground game transactions and three trades for total acquisition costs of $59.8 million.
• A definitive agreement was signed in February 2025 to acquire assets in Upton County, TX (Midland Basin) for an unadjusted purchase price of $40 million in cash.

Optimize capital allocation to the highest-performing operators and projects.

The capital allocation for the third quarter of 2025, excluding non-budgeted acquisitions, totaled $272.0 million:

Basin	Capital Expenditures Percentage
Permian Basin	49%
Williston Basin	25%
Appalachian Basin	21%
Uinta Basin	5%

• Total liquidity as of September 30, 2025, was $1.2 billion.
• Total drilling and completion (D&C) capital on organic assets for the third quarter was $212.2 million.

Negotiate better terms with operators to reduce G&A (General and Administrative) costs.

• Adjusted cash G&A costs in the third quarter of 2025 totaled $9.9 million.
• Third quarter 2025 adjusted cash G&A costs were $0.82 per Boe.
• This represented a decrease of $0.07 per Boe compared to the second quarter of 2025.
• Cash G&A in the first quarter of 2025 was $0.87 per Boe.

Accelerate DUC (Drilled but Uncompleted) well completions in established areas.

• Normalized well costs on the Company\'s AFE elections averaged approximately $806 per lateral foot in the third quarter of 2025.
• This compares to $841 per lateral foot in the second quarter of 2025.
• Normalized well costs averaged $932 per lateral foot on average during 2024.
• The company ended the second quarter of 2025 with 53.2 net wells in process.
• Of the wells in process at the end of Q2 2025, 47% were located in the Permian Basin.

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) - Ansoff Matrix: Market Development

You're looking at how Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) can grow by taking its existing business model-acquiring non-operated working interests-into new geographic areas. This is Market Development, and for NOG, it means expanding beyond the core areas where they already operate.

Entering New Proven US Basins

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) currently has a footprint across several major US plays, but Market Development means actively targeting proven, high-potential basins not yet fully represented in the portfolio, such as the Haynesville or SCOOP/STACK. The company's existing operational diversity shows a willingness to expand, as evidenced by its current presence in the Williston, Permian, Uinta, and Appalachian Basins. In Q3 2025, the company's capital expenditures of $\mathbf{\$272.0}$ million (excluding non-budgeted acquisitions) were allocated across these areas: $\mathbf{49\%}$ to the Permian, $\mathbf{25\%}$ to the Williston, $\mathbf{5\%}$ to the Uinta, and $\mathbf{21\%}$ in the Appalachian Basin. The strategy here is to use the non-operated model to enter these new areas via deals, rather than taking on operatorship risk.

Exploring International Markets and New Operator Relationships

While the current focus remains domestic, Market Development inherently includes exploring non-operated working interests in stable, low-risk international markets as a longer-term play. More immediately actionable is establishing relationships with new, high-quality, large-cap Exploration and Production (E&P) operators outside the current portfolio. Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) already works with approximately $\mathbf{95}$ different operators. The pipeline for new relationships is suggested by the sheer volume of potential deals they screen; in Q3 2025, management screened more than $\mathbf{14}$ large asset transactions and over $\mathbf{200}$ ground game opportunities. Furthermore, the company is actively evaluating $\mathbf{\$8}$ billion in assets across various basins, which is the primary vehicle for forging these new operator partnerships.

Targeting a Higher Natural Gas Component

A key strategic move within Market Development is shifting the portfolio mix to balance the oil-heavy nature of the current production. In Q3 2025, oil comprised $\mathbf{55\%}$ of total production at $\mathbf{72,348}$ Bbl per day, while gas production hit a record $\mathbf{352}$ MMcf per day. The Appalachian Basin, which saw record volumes of $\mathbf{135.9}$ MMcf per day in Q3 2025, is a clear area of focus for gas-weighted growth. Management has explicitly stated that material gas growth is anticipated for 2026, suggesting that new market development deals will increasingly target assets with a higher natural gas component.

The current operational footprint and recent activity provide a clear picture of where capital is being deployed:

• Current Basins: Williston, Permian, Uinta, and Appalachian.
• Q3 2025 Total Production: $\mathbf{131,054}$ Boe per day.
• Q3 2025 Oil Production: $\mathbf{72,348}$ Bbl per day ($\mathbf{55\%}$ of total).
• Q3 2025 Gas Production: $\mathbf{352}$ MMcf per day.
• Q3 2025 Ground Game Additions: $\mathbf{5.8}$ net wells for $\mathbf{\$59.8}$ million.
• 2025 Tightened CapEx Guidance: $\mathbf{\$950}$ - $\mathbf{\$1,025}$ million.

Funding New Regional Platforms with Existing Capital Structure

The ability to fund new regional platforms or significant acquisitions hinges on the existing capital structure, which has recently been optimized for flexibility. As of September 30, 2025, Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) maintained total liquidity of $\mathbf{\$1.2}$ billion, which included $\mathbf{\$1.1}$ billion of committed borrowing availability under its Revolving Credit Facility. This facility was recently amended and restated on November 5, 2025, extending the maturity to 2030 and lowering the cost of borrowing by $\mathbf{60}$ basis points. Furthermore, the company executed a major debt transaction on October 1, 2025, issuing $\mathbf{\$725.0}$ million of $\mathbf{7.875\%}$ Senior Notes due 2033 and repurchasing $\mathbf{97\%}$ or $\mathbf{\$684.9}$ million of its $\mathbf{8.125\%}$ Senior Notes due 2028. Management also reported the potential for 'more than $\mathbf{\$300}$ million of additional liquidity as compared to the beginning of 2025'. This strengthened balance sheet provides the necessary dry powder to fund the pursuit of new regional platforms through accretive, non-operated deals.

Here is a summary of the capital structure elements supporting this market expansion:

Metric	Value as of Late 2025	Context
Total Liquidity (Sept 30, 2025)	$1.2 billion	Total available funds.
Revolving Credit Facility Availability	$1.1 billion	Committed borrowing availability.
New Senior Notes Issued (Oct 1, 2025)	$725.0 million	7.875% due 2033.
Old Senior Notes Repurchased (Oct 1, 2025)	$684.9 million (97% of total)	8.125% due 2028.
RCF Maturity Extension	To November 2030	From June 2027.
Additional Liquidity Potential	More than $300 million	Compared to the beginning of 2025.

Finance: draft pro-forma liquidity view incorporating the Q3 debt transaction by Friday.

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) - Ansoff Matrix: Product Development

You're looking at how Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) is developing its core product-hydrocarbon reserves-by focusing on asset quality and operational efficiency within its existing market footprint. This is about maximizing recovery and optimizing the asset base, which is the essence of Product Development in this sector.

Investing in Non-Operated Wells and Recovery Techniques

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. focuses on non-operated interests, meaning the success of advanced completion techniques relies on their operator partners. While specific EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) investment figures aren't public, the focus on well performance across basins indicates a drive for higher recovery factors. The company's 2025 guidance points to a significant development schedule:

• Net Wells Spud guidance for 2025 is between 106.0 and 110.0.
• Net Wells Turned-in-Line guidance for 2025 is between 87.0 and 91.0.

The company's Q2 2025 activity included completing twenty-two ground game transactions, adding approximately 4.8 net wells for $31.2 million, inclusive of associated development costs. This shows direct investment into near-term production development.

Shifting Capital Toward Higher-Value Crude Oil Assets

The strategy involves prioritizing assets that yield better-quality oil, which often commands a premium over benchmark pricing after differentials. While a specific percentage of premium light sweet crude is not disclosed, the production mix shows a heavy reliance on oil, which is generally the higher-value component. Oil production was a key driver in 2025 performance:

• Q2 2025 oil production reached 77,000 barrels per day (bbl/d), a 10.5% year-over-year increase.
• Q3 2025 oil production averaged 73,000 barrels per day.
• 2025 annual oil production guidance midpoint was initially set at 77,000 barrels per day.

The basin allocation of capital reflects where the best returns, often tied to crude quality and volume, are expected. For 2025, the capital budget allocation was planned as follows:

Basin	Percentage of 2025 Budgeted Capital Spending
Permian	66%
Williston	20%
Appalachian	7%
Uinta	7%

This heavy weighting toward the Permian Basin, at 66% of the 2025 budget, suggests a focus on assets yielding the most desirable product stream.

Partnering on Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS)

Direct financial data or specific commitments to wellhead CCS pilot programs are not detailed in the latest operational updates. However, the company's strategy emphasizes working with operators, as seen in the 22 large asset transactions and over 200 ground game opportunities screened in Q3 2025. The April 2025 Upton County, Texas acquisition was for joint development with a private operating partner, illustrating the reliance on operator relationships where such pilot programs would likely occur.

Prioritizing Acquisitions for Longer Reserve Life

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. has clearly pivoted toward acquisitions that offer longer-term, resilient returns, which directly addresses reserve life. The company's Proved Developed Producing (PDP) and Proved Undeveloped (PUD) inventory is key to this. As of December 31, 2024, the proved reserves profile was:

• Total proved reserves: 378.5 million barrels of oil equivalent (BOE).
• Proved Developed (PD) reserves percentage: 73% of total proved reserves.
• Proved Developed (PD) percentage of PV-10 value: 80%.

The CEO noted that acquisitions deliver returns over four to seven years, contrasting with the shorter-term returns of drilling, and the M&A pipeline was valued at approximately $8 billion in Q2 2025. The April 2025 acquisition added 2,275 net acres in the Midland Basin.

Focus on Increasing BOE Recovery Per Well

Increasing recovery per well is achieved through successful development and outperformance, reflected in the upward revision of production guidance. The company's overall production targets for 2025 were raised:

• Revised 2025 Annual Production Guidance: 132,500 to 134,000 BOE/d.
• Q2 2025 actual total average daily production was 134,000 BOE/d.

The company's capital discipline, with 2025 budgeted CapEx revised down to $950 million - $1.025 billion from an initial range of $1,050 - $1,200 million, suggests a focus on maximizing returns from existing and acquired assets rather than just increasing activity volume. Lease operating costs per BOE were expected to decrease by several percent in 2025 from the Q4 2024 level of $9.62 per BOE.

The total capital expenditures for Q2 2025 were $210.0 million, demonstrating a significant reduction of 16.0% quarter-over-quarter.

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) - Ansoff Matrix: Diversification

You're looking at growth outside the core business of acquiring non-operated working and mineral interests in established U.S. hydrocarbon basins. Diversification for Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. (NOG) means deploying capital into adjacent or entirely new revenue streams, leveraging the existing financial strength and subsurface knowledge base. This is about moving beyond the 45% production share from the Permian Basin or the 31% from the Uinta Basin to create non-E&P income sources.

The company's financial position as of late 2025 provides a strong foundation for such moves. For instance, total liquidity stood at $1.2 billion as of September 30, 2025. This capacity is crucial when considering large, non-core investments.

Here's a look at the capital deployment and asset base that underpins any diversification strategy:

• NOG owns approximately 300,000 acres of real property interests.
• Full-year 2025 capital expenditure guidance was tightened to a range of $950 - $1,025 million.
• Third Quarter 2025 capital expenditures, excluding non-budgeted items, totaled $272.0 million.
• The planned quarterly dividend for 2025 is $0.45 per share, a 10% expected annual increase over 2024 levels.
• Adjusted EBITDA for Q3 2025 was $387.1 million.

Acquire minority equity stakes in midstream infrastructure supporting NOG's current production.

This strategy involves buying a piece of the pipes, processing plants, or storage facilities that handle the hydrocarbons NOG produces. It's a move toward securing midstream capacity and capturing fee-based revenue, which is less volatile than commodity prices. While specific midstream equity stakes acquired in 2025 aren't detailed, the company's overall acquisition activity shows a clear appetite for inorganic growth. For example, in Q3 2025, Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. completed 22 ground game transactions, deploying $59.8 million to add 5.8 net wells and over 2,500 net acres across its existing basins.

Purchase royalty interests (a new product) in basins outside the current non-operated focus.

Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. is already executing on a form of this, though the recent major royalty purchase was within its existing footprint. In August 2025, the company closed on an acquisition of royalty and mineral interests for an unadjusted closing price of $98.3 million. This deal added approximately ~1,000 net royalty acres (standardized to ~8,000 royalty acres at 1/8th royalty) primarily in Duchesne and Uintah Counties, UT. This move is expected to generate forward one-year unhedged cash flow from operations of approximately $14 million at recent strip pricing, representing a free cash flow yield of about 14%. This transaction increased NOG's average effective Net Revenue Interest (NRI) across its Uinta position from ~80% to ~87%.

To map out the financial capacity for such asset purchases, consider this snapshot of recent performance and guidance:

Metric	Q3 2025 Actual	2025 Annual Guidance (Raised)	Unit
Total Production	131,054	132,500 - 134,000	Boe per day
Oil Production	72,348	75,000 - 76,500	Bbl per day
Adjusted EBITDA	$387.1 million	(Not explicitly updated)	USD
Free Cash Flow	$118.9 million	(Not explicitly updated)	USD
Q3 CapEx (Excl. Non-Budgeted)	$272.0 million	$950 - $1,025 million (Full Year Tightened)	USD

Invest in renewable energy projects, like solar or wind, to generate non-E&P revenue.

While Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. has a joint development agreement in Appalachia with a capital commitment up to $160 million for 2025 spending, this is still focused on natural gas. Investing in solar or wind would be a true diversification. The company's scale, managing production across four major basins, suggests it has the analytical rigor to evaluate power purchase agreements or direct asset ownership, though specific 2025 renewable energy capital allocation figures are not public.

Form a dedicated subsidiary for water management and recycling services in the Permian Basin.

The Permian Basin accounts for 49% of Northern Oil and Gas, Inc.'s Q3 capital expenditures. This concentration means water management is a direct operational necessity that could be monetized externally. A dedicated subsidiary would turn a cost center into a potential profit center, serving the numerous operators Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. works alongside, which number nearly 100 across its portfolio.

Explore opportunities in geothermal energy, leveraging existing subsurface expertise.

The core competency of Northern Oil and Gas, Inc. is evaluating subsurface risk for hydrocarbon extraction. Geothermal energy relies on similar subsurface modeling for heat extraction. This expertise, honed over years of evaluating assets across the Williston, Permian, Uinta, and Appalachian Basins, provides a natural bridge to geothermal exploration, requiring a different end-product but similar geological assessment skills. The company's focus on data and discipline, as evidenced by its use of systems like Drakkar, supports this technical pivot.