Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) Business Model Canvas

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK): Business Model Canvas

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Tauchen Sie ein in die komplexe Welt von Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK), ein pharmazeutisches Kraftpaket, das komplexe medizinische Herausforderungen in bahnbrechende Gesundheitslösungen umwandelt. Diese Untersuchung ihres Business Model Canvas offenbart eine ausgeklügelte Strategie, die Spitzenforschung, globale Partnerschaften und innovative medizinische Behandlungen miteinander verbindet und Merck als zentralen Akteur in der sich ständig weiterentwickelnden Gesundheitslandschaft positioniert. Entdecken Sie, wie dieser Branchenriese von fortschrittlichen Forschungseinrichtungen bis hin zu patientenzentrierten Ansätzen durch das komplexe Ökosystem der pharmazeutischen Entwicklung und der globalen Gesundheitsversorgung navigiert.


Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) – Geschäftsmodell: Wichtige Partnerschaften

Strategische Allianzen mit pharmazeutischen Forschungseinrichtungen

Merck arbeitet mit folgenden Forschungseinrichtungen zusammen:

Institution Fokusbereich Partnerschaftsjahr
Dana-Farber-Krebsinstitut Onkologische Forschung 2022
MIT Technologien zur Arzneimittelentdeckung 2023
Harvard Medical School Immunologische Forschung 2021

Kooperationsvereinbarungen mit globalen Gesundheitsorganisationen

Zu den wichtigsten globalen Partnerschaften im Gesundheitswesen gehören:

  • Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) – Impfstoffverteilung
  • GAVI Alliance – Impfprogramme
  • Globaler Fonds – Behandlung von Infektionskrankheiten

Joint Ventures mit Biotechnologieunternehmen

Bemerkenswerte Biotechnologie-Partnerschaften:

Unternehmen Partnerschaftswert Therapeutischer Bereich
Moderna 1,2 Milliarden US-Dollar mRNA-Therapeutika
Ridgeback-Biotherapeutika 356 Millionen Dollar Antivirale Behandlungen

Partnerschaften mit akademischen medizinischen Zentren

Bedeutende Kooperationen mit akademischen medizinischen Zentren:

  • Johns Hopkins University – Präzisionsmedizinforschung
  • Stanford Medical Center – Klinische Studien
  • Mayo Clinic – Forschung zu seltenen Krankheiten

Lizenzvereinbarungen mit innovativen Arzneimittelentwicklungsunternehmen

Aktive Lizenzpartnerschaften:

Unternehmen Lizenztyp Geschätzter Vertragswert
Seagen Lizenz für Onkologie-Medikamente 2,75 Milliarden US-Dollar
Prometheus Biowissenschaften Lizenz für entzündliche Krankheiten 1,1 Milliarden US-Dollar

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) – Geschäftsmodell: Hauptaktivitäten

Pharmazeutische Forschung und Entwicklung

Merck investierte im Jahr 2022 14,5 Milliarden US-Dollar in Forschungs- und Entwicklungskosten. Das Unternehmen unterhält weltweit zwölf Primärforschungslabore, die sich auf wichtige therapeutische Bereiche wie Onkologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Herz-Kreislauf-Behandlungen konzentrieren.

F&E-Investitionen Anzahl der Forschungseinrichtungen Primäre Forschungsbereiche
14,5 Milliarden US-Dollar (2022) 12 Primärlabore Onkologie, Infektionskrankheiten, Herz-Kreislauf

Klinische Studien und Arzneimitteltests

Merck führte im Jahr 2022 425 aktive klinische Studien in 45 Ländern durch. Die klinische Entwicklungspipeline des Unternehmens umfasste 87 potenzielle neue molekulare Einheiten und Impfstoffe.

  • 425 aktive klinische Studien
  • 45 Länder beteiligt
  • 87 potenzielle neue molekulare Einheiten

Herstellung verschreibungspflichtiger Medikamente

Merck betreibt weltweit 33 Produktionsstätten und produziert jährlich etwa 3,2 Milliarden Medikamentendosen. Das Produktionsnetzwerk des Unternehmens erstreckt sich über Nordamerika, Europa und Asien.

Produktionsanlagen Jährliche Medikamentenproduktion Geografische Reichweite
33 Einrichtungen 3,2 Milliarden Dosen Nordamerika, Europa, Asien

Globales Marketing und Vertrieb von Gesundheitsprodukten

Merck erzielte im Jahr 2022 einen Gesamtumsatz von 59,2 Milliarden US-Dollar, wobei pharmazeutische Produkte 82 % des Gesamtumsatzes ausmachten. Das Unternehmen unterhält kommerzielle Niederlassungen in über 140 Ländern.

  • Gesamtumsatz: 59,2 Milliarden US-Dollar (2022)
  • Umsatz mit pharmazeutischen Produkten: 82 % des Gesamtumsatzes
  • Kommerzielle Präsenz: über 140 Länder

Kontinuierliche Innovation bei medizinischen Behandlungen

Die Innovationsstrategie von Merck führte zwischen 2020 und 2022 zu elf neuen Arzneimittelzulassungen. Im gleichen Zeitraum reichte das Unternehmen weltweit 1.287 Patentanmeldungen ein.

Neue Arzneimittelzulassungen Patentanmeldungen Innovationsfokus
11 Zulassungen (2020-2022) 1.287 globale Bewerbungen Onkologie, Impfstoffe, Infektionskrankheiten

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) – Geschäftsmodell: Schlüsselressourcen

Umfangreiche Forschungs- und Entwicklungseinrichtungen

Merck betreibt weltweit zwölf große Forschungs- und Entwicklungszentren mit Gesamtausgaben für Forschung und Entwicklung in Höhe von 14,7 Milliarden US-Dollar im Jahr 2023. Die Forschungseinrichtungen erstrecken sich über mehrere Standorte, darunter:

Standort Fokusbereich Größe
Kenilworth, NJ Globaler Hauptsitz 350.000 Quadratfuß
Boston, MA Onkologische Forschung 250.000 Quadratfuß
West Point, PA Fertigungsforschung 500.000 Quadratfuß

Hochqualifizierte wissenschaftliche und medizinische Arbeitskräfte

Zusammensetzung der Belegschaft ab 2023:

  • Gesamtbeschäftigte: 68.000
  • Doktoranden/MD-Fachkräfte: 22 % der Belegschaft
  • Globale Forscher: 5.600

Robustes Portfolio an geistigem Eigentum

Kennzahlen zum geistigen Eigentum:

  • Insgesamt aktive Patente: 3.200
  • Jährliche Patentanmeldungen: 450–500
  • Patentschutzdauer: 15-20 Jahre

Fortschrittliche technologische Infrastruktur

Details zu Technologieinvestitionen:

Kategorie „Technologie“. Jährliche Investition
Digitale Gesundheitstechnologien 780 Millionen Dollar
KI/Maschinelles-Lernen-Forschung 420 Millionen Dollar
Computerbiologie 350 Millionen Dollar

Starkes Finanzkapital für Investitionen

Überblick über die finanziellen Ressourcen:

  • Gesamtvermögen: 79,5 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Zahlungsmittel und Zahlungsmitteläquivalente: 8,3 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Jährliche Investitionsausgaben: 3,2 Milliarden US-Dollar

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) – Geschäftsmodell: Wertversprechen

Innovative medizinische Behandlungen und pharmazeutische Lösungen

Merck & Co. investierte im Jahr 2023 13,2 Milliarden US-Dollar in Forschung und Entwicklung. Das Unternehmen entwickelte zwischen 2020 und 2023 12 neue molekulare Einheiten.

Therapeutischer Bereich F&E-Investitionen Neue Behandlungen
Onkologie 4,5 Milliarden US-Dollar 5 neue molekulare Einheiten
Infektionskrankheiten 3,2 Milliarden US-Dollar 3 neue molekulare Einheiten
Herz-Kreislauf 2,8 Milliarden US-Dollar 2 neue molekulare Einheiten

Hochwertige verschreibungspflichtige Medikamente

Das verschreibungspflichtige Medikamentenportfolio von Merck erwirtschaftete im Jahr 2023 einen Umsatz von 48,7 Milliarden US-Dollar.

  • Keytruda (Onkologie): 21,4 Milliarden US-Dollar Umsatz
  • Januvia (Diabetes): 5,6 Milliarden US-Dollar Umsatz
  • Gardasil (HPV-Impfstoff): 8,2 Milliarden US-Dollar Umsatz

Fortschrittliche Therapien für komplexe medizinische Erkrankungen

Merck hat im Jahr 2023 mit 87 laufenden klinischen Studien spezielle Therapien für komplexe Erkrankungen entwickelt.

Medizinischer Zustand Anzahl klinischer Studien Investition
Krebs 42 Versuche 6,7 Milliarden US-Dollar
Immunologie 22 Versuche 3,4 Milliarden US-Dollar
Seltene Krankheiten 15 Versuche 2,1 Milliarden US-Dollar

Engagement für die Verbesserung der globalen Gesundheitsversorgung

Merck hat im Jahr 2023 750 Millionen US-Dollar für globale Gesundheitsinitiativen bereitgestellt und damit Impfprogramme in 87 Ländern unterstützt.

  • Verteilung des COVID-19-Impfstoffs: 320 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Zugang zur HIV/AIDS-Behandlung: 180 Millionen US-Dollar
  • Kindergesundheitsprogramme: 150 Millionen US-Dollar

Patientenzentrierter Ansatz in der medizinischen Forschung

Merck hat im Jahr 2023 45.000 Patienten in klinische Forschungsprogramme einbezogen, wobei sich 62 % der Forschung auf von Patienten berichtete Ergebnisse konzentrierten.

Forschungsschwerpunkt Patiententeilnehmer Forschungsmethodik
Von Patienten berichtete Ergebnisse 27.900 Patienten 62 % der gesamten Forschung
Klinische Wirksamkeitsstudien 12.500 Patienten 28 % der gesamten Forschung
Sicherheitsüberwachung 4.600 Patienten 10 % der gesamten Forschung

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) – Geschäftsmodell: Kundenbeziehungen

Direktes medizinisches Fachpersonal-Engagement

Merck beschäftigt im Jahr 2024 5.200 Vertriebsmitarbeiter, die sich an Fachkräfte im Gesundheitswesen wenden. Die Direkteinbindungsstrategie des Unternehmens konzentriert sich auf die Segmente Onkologie, Impfstoffe und Krankenhaus-Akutversorgung.

Engagement-Kanal Anzahl der Touchpoints Jährliche Interaktionshäufigkeit
Spezialisten für Onkologie 1.750 Vertreter 4–6 Interaktionen pro Quartal
Krankenhausärzte 1.300 Vertreter 3–5 Interaktionen pro Quartal
Hausärzte 2.150 Vertreter 2–4 Interaktionen pro Quartal

Patientenunterstützungsprogramme

Merck betreibt umfassende Patientenunterstützungsprogramme in mehreren Therapiebereichen.

  • Onkologisches Patientenunterstützungsnetzwerk, das jährlich 78.000 Patienten betreut
  • Diabetes-Management-Programm mit 115.000 aktiven Teilnehmern
  • Impfunterstützungsprogramm für 250.000 Patienten

Digitale Gesundheitsinformationsplattformen

Das digitale Engagement von Merck erreicht im Jahr 2024 2,3 Millionen medizinische Fachkräfte über spezialisierte Online-Plattformen.

Digitale Plattform Benutzerbasis Monatlich aktive Benutzer
MSD-Berufsnetzwerk 1,2 Millionen medizinisches Fachpersonal 450,000
Klinisches Forschungsportal 650.000 Forscher 220,000
Plattformen zur Patientenaufklärung 450.000 Patienten 180,000

Personalisierte Gesundheitsberatung

Merck bietet jährlich 92.000 personalisierte Gesundheitsberatungen in verschiedenen Therapiebereichen an.

Laufende medizinische Ausbildung und Ressourcen

Das Unternehmen investiert jährlich 124 Millionen US-Dollar in medizinische Ausbildungsressourcen für medizinisches Fachpersonal.

  • 375 Webinare zur medizinischen Ausbildung
  • 220 wissenschaftliche Konferenzen gesponsert
  • 1.850 Forschungspublikationen unterstützt

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) – Geschäftsmodell: Kanäle

Pharmazeutische Handelsvertreter

Merck beschäftigt im Jahr 2023 rund 7.500 Vertriebsmitarbeiter in den Vereinigten Staaten. Das Vertriebsteam deckt mehrere Therapiebereiche ab, darunter Onkologie, Impfstoffe und Akutversorgung in Krankenhäusern.

Vertriebskanaltyp Anzahl der Vertreter Hauptschwerpunkte
Onkologie-Vertriebsteam 1,200 Keytruda und Krebsbehandlungen
Vertreter der Grundversorgung 2,500 Medikamente gegen chronische Krankheiten
Spezialteam des Krankenhauses 1,800 Behandlungen im Krankenhaus

Online-Plattformen für medizinische Informationen

Merck betreibt mehrere digitale Plattformen und im Jahr 2023 greifen über 3,2 Millionen registrierte medizinische Fachkräfte auf ihre Online-Ressourcen zu.

  • Professionelles Portal von MSD.com
  • Website mit Informationen zu klinischen Studien
  • Digitale Ressourcen für die medizinische Ausbildung

Netzwerke von Gesundheitsdienstleistern

Merck unterhält Partnerschaften mit über 250.000 Gesundheitsdienstleistern weltweit. Das Netzwerk umfasst:

Netzwerktyp Anzahl der Partnerschaften Geografische Reichweite
Krankenhausnetzwerke 12,500 Nordamerika
Private Praxiskliniken 185,000 Global
Forschungseinrichtungen 2,500 International

Direct-to-Consumer-Marketing

Merck investierte im Jahr 2023 892 Millionen US-Dollar in Direktmarketingkanäle für den Verbraucher und richtete sich dabei gezielt an bestimmte Patientengruppen.

  • Fernsehwerbung
  • Digitale Medienkampagnen
  • Websites von Patientenunterstützungsprogrammen

Globale Vertriebsnetzwerke

Merck betreibt Vertriebszentren in 14 Ländern und verfügt über ein gesamtes Logistiknetzwerk, das über 140 Länder bedient.

Verbreitungsgebiet Anzahl der Vertriebszentren Jährliches Vertriebsvolumen
Nordamerika 5 1,2 Milliarden Einheiten
Europa 4 850 Millionen Einheiten
Asien-Pazifik 3 620 Millionen Einheiten
Lateinamerika 2 380 Millionen Einheiten

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) – Geschäftsmodell: Kundensegmente

Fachkräfte im Gesundheitswesen

Merck betreut im Jahr 2024 weltweit etwa 1,2 Millionen medizinische Fachkräfte, darunter:

Segment Anzahl der Fachkräfte
Ärzte 685,000
Onkologen 142,000
Spezialisten 373,000

Krankenhäuser und medizinische Einrichtungen

Merck arbeitet weltweit mit 78.500 Gesundheitseinrichtungen zusammen, darunter:

  • 42.300 Krankenhäuser
  • 16.200 Forschungszentren
  • 20.000 spezialisierte medizinische Einrichtungen

Einzelne Patienten mit besonderen medizinischen Bedürfnissen

Patientensegmente nach Therapiegebieten:

Therapeutischer Bereich Patienten betreut
Onkologie 3,2 Millionen
Diabetes 2,7 Millionen
Herz-Kreislauf 4,1 Millionen

Staatliche Gesundheitssysteme

Merck ist in 140 Ländern tätig und unterhält wichtige Partnerschaften mit staatlichen Gesundheitssystemen:

  • USA Medicare/Medicaid: 65,2 Millionen Patienten
  • Nationale Gesundheitssysteme der Europäischen Union: 27 Länder
  • Nationale Gesundheitsprogramme in Entwicklungsländern: 52 Länder

Private Krankenversicherungsanbieter

Versicherungsschutz durch den Versicherer:

Region Anzahl der Versicherungspartner
Nordamerika 1,250
Europa 890
Asien-Pazifik 620

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) – Geschäftsmodell: Kostenstruktur

Umfangreiche Forschungs- und Entwicklungskosten

Im Jahr 2023, Merck & Co. meldete Forschungs- und Entwicklungskosten in Höhe von 14,4 Milliarden US-Dollar, was etwa 22 % des Gesamtumsatzes entspricht.

Jahr F&E-Ausgaben Prozentsatz des Umsatzes
2023 14,4 Milliarden US-Dollar 22%
2022 13,8 Milliarden US-Dollar 21.5%

Investitionen in klinische Studien

Merck investierte im Jahr 2023 rund 5,2 Milliarden US-Dollar gezielt in klinische Studien und Arzneimittelentwicklungsprogramme.

  • Klinische Studien zur Onkologie: 2,1 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Studien zu Infektionskrankheiten: 1,3 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung: 800 Millionen US-Dollar

Herstellungs- und Produktionskosten

Die gesamten Herstellungskosten für Merck beliefen sich im Jahr 2023 auf 9,6 Milliarden US-Dollar.

Kategorie „Fertigung“. Kosten
Pharmazeutische Produktion 6,7 Milliarden US-Dollar
Impfstoffherstellung 2,9 Milliarden US-Dollar

Globale Marketing- und Vertriebsausgaben

Die weltweiten Marketing- und Vertriebsausgaben von Merck beliefen sich im Jahr 2023 auf insgesamt 12,3 Milliarden US-Dollar.

  • Nordamerikanisches Marketing: 5,6 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Europäisches Marketing: 3,2 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Asien-Pazifik-Marketing: 2,5 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Andere Regionen: 1 Milliarde US-Dollar

Einhaltung gesetzlicher Vorschriften und Rechtskosten

Die Rechts- und Compliance-Kosten für Merck beliefen sich im Jahr 2023 auf 1,8 Milliarden US-Dollar.

Compliance-Kategorie Kosten
Kosten für die behördliche Einreichung 700 Millionen Dollar
Rechtliche Vergleiche 600 Millionen Dollar
Compliance-Infrastruktur 500 Millionen Dollar

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) – Geschäftsmodell: Einnahmequellen

Verkauf verschreibungspflichtiger Medikamente

Im Jahr 2023 erreichte der Gesamtumsatz von Merck mit Arzneimitteln 59,9 Milliarden US-Dollar. Aufschlüsselung der wichtigsten Einnahmen aus verschreibungspflichtigen Medikamenten:

Kategorie „Medikamente“. Jahresumsatz
Keytruda (Krebsbehandlung) 21,0 Milliarden US-Dollar
Januvia (Diabetes) 4,2 Milliarden US-Dollar
Gardasil (HPV-Impfstoff) 8,0 Milliarden US-Dollar

Impfstoffverteilung

Das Impfstoffportfolio von Merck generierte im Jahr 2023 erhebliche Umsätze:

  • Gesamtumsatz mit Impfstoffen: 12,5 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Gardasil-Impfstoff: Hauptumsatzträger bei 8,0 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • MMR und andere pädiatrische Impfstoffe: 3,2 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Impfstoffe im Zusammenhang mit COVID-19: 1,3 Milliarden US-Dollar

Lizenz- und Lizenzvereinbarungen

Die Lizenzeinnahmen für 2023 beliefen sich auf insgesamt 2,7 Milliarden US-Dollar, darunter:

Partner Lizenzeinnahmen
AstraZeneca 850 Millionen Dollar
Pfizer 650 Millionen Dollar
Andere pharmazeutische Partnerschaften 1,2 Milliarden US-Dollar

Produktportfolio für das Gesundheitswesen

Umsatz mit vielfältigen Gesundheitsprodukten im Jahr 2023:

  • Onkologieprodukte: 25,3 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Diabetes-Medikamente: 5,6 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Produkte für die Akutversorgung von Krankenhäusern: 3,8 Milliarden US-Dollar
  • Tiergesundheitsprodukte: 6,2 Milliarden US-Dollar

Globale Pharmamarktumsätze

Geografische Umsatzverteilung für 2023:

Region Einnahmen Prozentsatz
Vereinigte Staaten 38,5 Milliarden US-Dollar 64.3%
Europa 12,6 Milliarden US-Dollar 21.0%
Asien-Pazifik 6,8 Milliarden US-Dollar 11.4%
Rest der Welt 2,0 Milliarden US-Dollar 3.3%

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) - Canvas Business Model: Value Propositions

Merck & Co., Inc. delivers value through a portfolio anchored by oncology breakthroughs, essential preventive measures, and growth from newer specialized treatments, all supported by a stable animal health business.

Life-extending therapy through Keytruda, a foundation in oncology.

The continued success of the PD-1 blocking antibody, Keytruda (pembrolizumab), is central to Merck & Co., Inc.'s value proposition. In the third quarter of 2025, sales for Keytruda rose 10% year-over-year, reaching $8.1 billion for the quarter, surpassing the $8 billion mark for the first time in a single quarter. This performance is driven by robust demand across metastatic indications and increased uptake in earlier-stage cancers.

Preventive health solutions via the Gardasil/Gardasil 9 vaccine portfolio.

Merck & Co., Inc. offers preventive health through the Gardasil/Gardasil 9 vaccine portfolio, which protects against cancer-causing human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. However, this segment faced near-term headwinds in late 2025. Gardasil/Gardasil 9 sales declined 24% in the third quarter of 2025, reporting $1.7 billion in revenue. This was primarily due to a temporary pause in shipments to China to allow channel inventory to reduce, with the full-year 2025 contribution from China expected to be less than $1 billion at the high end of guidance.

New treatments for rare diseases, such as the recently launched Winrevair.

The company is expanding its portfolio with new product launches that address significant unmet needs. Winrevair, a treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), demonstrated rapid uptake. Global sales for Winrevair reached $360 million in the third quarter of 2025, representing a 141% growth rate both nominally and excluding foreign exchange impacts. Cumulative net sales for Winrevair already exceeded $1 billion within 15 months of its launch as of the second quarter of 2025. Merck & Co., Inc. projects a peak sales potential of $3 billion for Winrevair.

The following table summarizes the key product performance figures from the third quarter of 2025:

Product/Segment Q3 2025 Sales Amount Year-over-Year Growth/Decline
KEYTRUDA (Oncology) $8.1 billion 10% growth
GARDASIL/GARDASIL 9 (Vaccines) $1.7 billion 24% decline
WINREVAIR (Cardiovascular/Rare Disease) $360 million 141% growth
Animal Health $1.6 billion 9% growth

High-quality, reliable supply of essential medicines and animal health products.

Merck & Co., Inc. maintains a reliable supply chain, evidenced by consistent growth in its Animal Health segment. This segment posted sales of $1.6 billion in the third quarter of 2025, marking an 9% increase year-over-year. For context, the full-year 2024 Animal Health Revenue was $5.877 billion. The company's overall 2025 financial outlook, narrowed in October 2025, projects total worldwide sales between $64.5 billion and $65.0 billion.

Expanding subcutaneous (SC) delivery options, like Keytruda QLEX Injection.

To enhance patient experience and provider efficiency, Merck & Co., Inc. is expanding delivery options for its foundational oncology product. The FDA approved KEYTRUDA QLEX (pembrolizumab and berahyaluronidase alfa-pmph) injection for subcutaneous use across most solid tumor indications in September 2025. This new formulation allows for administration by a health care provider in as little as one minute every three weeks or two minutes every six weeks, compared to the intravenous infusion time.

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) - Canvas Business Model: Customer Relationships

You're looking at how Merck & Co., Inc. manages its critical relationships with prescribers, payers, and patients as of late 2025. The approach is highly specialized, given the complexity of their portfolio, especially in oncology.

High-touch, specialized medical science liaison support for oncology providers.

Merck & Co., Inc. Medical Science Liaisons (MSLs) focus on communicating complex scientific data, particularly for specialty areas like oncology, where the need for clear medical and scientific data is high among prescribers. The deployment of MSLs is a key strategy to bridge communication between clinical development and commercial success. While specific 2025 global MSL budget data for Merck & Co., Inc. isn't public, industry benchmarks for Top 20 pharmaceutical firms historically showed spending between $10 million and $48 million to deploy MSLs across the US, Europe, and Asia. Merck & Co., Inc. presented new research across more than 25 types of cancer at the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting. The company received FDA approval for KEYTRUDA QLEX Injection for subcutaneous use across all solid tumor indications, which impacts how providers interact with the product.

The scale of the commercial effort supporting these relationships is suggested by the revenue figures; for example, KEYTRUDA sales were $8.1 billion in the third quarter of 2025. Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses for Merck & Co., Inc. were $2.6 billion in the third quarter of 2025.

The relationship strategy with healthcare practitioners includes:

  • Providing high-quality scientific engagement with healthcare professionals in key launch markets.
  • Involving scientific opinion leaders in corporate medical activities.
  • Delivering scientific information to drive evidence-based decision-making.

Direct negotiation with Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) and governments.

Negotiations with Pharmacy Benefit Managers (PBMs) and government entities are crucial, especially as KEYTRUDA, accounting for nearly half of Merck & Co., Inc.'s revenue, faces loss of exclusivity in 2028. Merck & Co., Inc. is dedicating significant resources to understand the implications of the Most Favored Nation (MFN) proposal, which could affect international pricing structures. The company's total worldwide sales for the third quarter of 2025 were $17.3 billion.

Key financial context influencing payer negotiations in 2025:

Metric Value (Q3 2025) Context
KEYTRUDA Sales $8.1 Billion Growth of 10% nominally
Total Worldwide Sales $17.3 Billion Increase of 4% from Q3 2024
Full-Year 2025 Sales Expectation Between $64.5 Billion and $65.0 Billion As of October 2025
Non-GAAP EPS Expectation Between $8.93 and $8.98 Full-Year 2025 forecast

Patient assistance programs for high-cost specialty drugs.

Merck & Co., Inc. maintains patient support options, including the Merck Patient Assistance Program, Inc., which provides certain medicines and adult vaccines free of charge to eligible individuals in the U.S. who lack insurance or whose insurance does not cover their prescription products. This program was created based on the belief that no one should go without needed medicines or vaccines. For eligible, privately-insured patients, select Merck brands offer coupons to save on out-of-pocket costs. The principal executive offices are located at 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, N.J. 07065 U.S.A..

The patient support structure involves:

  • Merck Patient Assistance Program for free medicines/vaccines for the uninsured/underinsured.
  • Merck Access Program to help answer questions on insurance coverage and financial assistance options.
  • Co-pay assistance for eligible patients.

Professional education and training for healthcare practitioners.

Education and scientific exchange are delivered through field teams and data dissemination. Merck & Co., Inc. announced new research across more than 25 types of cancer at the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting. The MSL function is positioned to generate and disseminate complex scientific information to external stakeholders in a transparent and compliant manner. The company also supports humanitarian aid through the Merck Medical Outreach Program, donating pharmaceuticals and vaccines for aid in low- and middle-income countries.

Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) - Canvas Business Model: Channels

You're looking at how Merck & Co., Inc. gets its products to the people who need them, which is a massive logistical and sales undertaking. Here's the breakdown of the primary channels they use, grounded in the latest available 2025 figures.

The reach of Merck & Co., Inc. is global, relying on a multi-pronged approach that combines direct engagement with institutional customers and broad distribution networks.

  • Global sales force targeting hospitals, clinics, and specialists.
  • Wholesalers and distributors for pharmaceutical and vaccine delivery.
  • Direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising for select products in the U.S.
  • Veterinary clinics and distributors for the Animal Health segment.

For the human pharmaceutical side, the scale of promotional and selling activities is significant, as reflected in the Selling, General and Administrative (SG&A) expenses. Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses were $2.6 billion in the third quarter of 2025. This supports the global sales force engaging directly with healthcare providers.

The Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) channel in the U.S. is a major component for driving patient demand for certain prescription products. Here's what the advertising spend suggests about the intensity of this channel:

Metric Amount/Value Period/Context
Estimated Total U.S. DTC Ad Spend $1.2 billion 2025 Estimate
Capvaxive Estimated TV Ad Spend $28.2 million September 2025

The Animal Health segment utilizes a distinct set of channels focused on veterinary professionals and livestock producers. The revenue generated through these channels gives you a sense of the segment's scale in 2025.

Here are the reported sales figures for the Animal Health segment through its distribution channels:

  • Q1 2025 Animal Health Sales: $1.6 billion (5% growth nominally).
  • Q2 2025 Animal Health Sales: $1.6 billion (11% growth nominally).
  • Q3 2025 Animal Health Sales: $1.6 billion (9% growth nominally).

To put the overall scale of Merck & Co., Inc.'s business into perspective, the full-year 2025 worldwide sales are expected to be between $64.5 billion and $65.0 billion.

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) - Canvas Business Model: Customer Segments

You're looking at the core groups Merck & Co., Inc. serves, which really dictates how they structure their commercial teams and R&D focus. As of late 2025, the business is heavily weighted toward high-value specialty pharmaceuticals, but the other segments remain critical for diversification and public health impact. The company projects total worldwide sales for the full year 2025 to be between $64.5 Billion and $65.0 Billion.

The customer base is clearly segmented by therapeutic area and end-user type. Here's a breakdown of the key segments Merck & Co., Inc. targets:

  • Oncology specialists and hospitals treating multiple tumor types. This is the engine room, driven almost entirely by the continued expansion of KEYTRUDA (pembrolizumab).
  • Pediatricians and public health organizations for vaccine administration. This segment is focused on routine immunization schedules and public health threats, though it faces recent headwinds.
  • Managed care organizations and government payers (Medicare/Medicaid). These entities are the ultimate gatekeepers for formulary access and reimbursement across all prescription products.
  • Livestock producers and companion animal owners (Animal Health). This division serves the veterinary and agricultural markets globally.

The revenue contribution from these segments in the third quarter of 2025 gives you a clear picture of where the focus lies. For instance, the Oncology segment, anchored by KEYTRUDA, is the clear revenue leader. In Q3 2025, KEYTRUDA sales alone hit $8.1 Billion, marking a 10% nominal increase year-over-year. This drug accounted for nearly half of Merck & Co., Inc.'s pharmaceutical revenue in 2024, reaching $29.482 Billion. Analysts project KEYTRUDA revenue to land in the $28 to $30 Billion band for the full year 2025. To support this, Merck & Co., Inc. is pushing hard into earlier lines of therapy; by 2025, about 25% of total KEYTRUDA revenue was expected to come from these early-phase settings.

The Animal Health division is a significant, growing customer base, serving both livestock producers and companion animal owners. In Q3 2025, Animal Health sales grew 9% nominally to reach $1.6 Billion. For the full year 2024, this segment generated $5.88 Billion in revenue. Insights from a global survey conducted for Merck & Co., Inc. in early 2025 involved 4,072 pet owners and 582 veterinarians across 15 countries, showing the scale of their engagement with companion animal owners. A key finding for this customer group in the U.S. is that two-thirds of veterinarians report most pet owners do not follow year-round flea/tick treatment plans.

Vaccines remain a core area, targeting pediatricians and public health bodies, though this segment saw significant pressure in 2025. GARDASIL/GARDASIL 9 sales in Q3 2025 were $1.7 Billion, a 24% drop year-over-year, partly due to lower demand in China and declines in U.S. uptake. Still, Merck & Co., Inc. held the largest share in the global pediatric vaccine market at 30.82% in 2023, when the market was valued at nearly $41.16 Billion. New products like CAPVAXIVE contributed $244 Million in Q3 2025 sales, and the RSV preventative Enflonsia added $360 Million.

The relationship with payers-Managed Care Organizations and government bodies like Medicare/Medicaid-is implicit across all segments but most visible in the vaccine segment's performance, where reimbursement policy changes directly impact uptake. For example, the decline in GARDASIL/GARDASIL 9 sales in Q3 2025 was also attributed to the expiration of a "catch-up" reimbursement program in Japan. The company's overall Pharmaceutical segment revenue in FY 2024 was $57.40 Billion.

Here's a quick look at the revenue snapshot for the major product-driven segments based on the latest available full-year and quarterly data:

Customer Segment Focus Key Product/Area FY 2024 Revenue (Approximate) Q3 2025 Revenue Q3 2025 YoY Growth (Nominal)
Oncology Specialists/Hospitals KEYTRUDA $29.482 Billion $8.1 Billion 10%
Pediatricians/Public Health GARDASIL/GARDASIL 9 (Part of $13 Billion Vaccines total in FY2024) $1.7 Billion -24%
Livestock/Companion Owners Animal Health $5.88 Billion $1.6 Billion 9%

The commercial organization must tailor its approach for each group. For oncology, it's about deep clinical data delivery to specialists and ensuring formulary inclusion for hospital systems. For vaccines, it involves working with public health bodies like the CDC and navigating payer coverage for childhood and adult immunization schedules. And for Animal Health, it means direct engagement with veterinarians and producers, often focusing on compliance and ease of administration, as shown by the survey data.

Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) - Canvas Business Model: Cost Structure

You're looking at the expenses that power Merck & Co., Inc.'s engine, which, as you know, is heavily weighted toward innovation and global reach. The cost structure reflects this focus, with massive, ongoing investments in the pipeline.

High fixed costs for Research and Development (R&D) represent a foundational element of Merck & Co., Inc.'s spending. These costs are necessary to discover and develop the next generation of blockbusters. For the second quarter of 2025, GAAP Research and Development expenses reached $4.048 billion, which was a 16% increase compared to the second quarter of 2024. Non-GAAP R&D expenses for that same quarter were reported at $4.0 billion.

The nature of producing complex biologics means that significant manufacturing and inventory costs are unavoidable. These costs include maintaining specialized facilities and managing the supply chain for high-value products. For instance, GAAP Cost of Sales in the second quarter of 2025 stood at $3.557 billion. The gross margin for Q2 2025 was 77.5%, though this was partially offset by higher inventory write-offs.

Global commercialization requires substantial resources for Sales, General, and Administrative (SG&A) expenses. This covers everything from marketing to regulatory affairs across the globe. GAAP SG&A expenses in the second quarter of 2025 were $2.649 billion. Looking at the trailing twelve months ending September 30, 2025, the total SG&A expense was $10.697B.

Merck & Co., Inc. continues to use upfront payments for licensing and acquisition agreements to augment its pipeline quickly. These are direct costs of securing external innovation. The upfront payment for the license agreement with Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. (Hengrui Pharma) was $200 million, recorded in the second quarter of 2025. This transaction also resulted in a charge of $0.07 per share included in the GAAP and non-GAAP EPS for Q2 2025.

To manage costs and redirect investment, the company initiated a major overhaul. This involves restructuring charges related to the cost optimization initiative. Merck & Co., Inc. announced a new 2025 Restructuring Program with estimated cumulative pretax charges of approximately $3.0 billion. In the second quarter of 2025 alone, the company recorded GAAP charges of $649 million related to this program, with GAAP Restructuring Costs for the quarter totaling $560 million.

Here's a quick look at the major expense components from the second quarter of 2025:

Cost Component (GAAP, $ in millions) Q2 2025 Amount Year-over-Year Change (Approximate)
Research and development 4,048 +16%
Selling, general and administrative 2,649 Decrease of 3%
Cost of sales 3,557 N/A
Restructuring Costs 560 N/A

The restructuring program is designed to realize annual cost savings of approximately $1.7 billion by the end of 2027. This is part of a broader multiyear optimization initiative targeting $3.0 billion in annual cost savings by the same date.

You should also note the specific R&D charges factored into the full-year 2025 outlook:

  • Milestone payment to LaNova for MK-2010 technology transfer: $300 million.
  • Upfront payment for Hengrui Pharma license agreement: $200 million.

The full-year 2025 Non-GAAP Operating expenses outlook is between $25.9 billion and $26.4 billion.

Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK) - Canvas Business Model: Revenue Streams

You're looking at the core ways Merck & Co., Inc. brings in cash as of late 2025. It's a story dominated by one blockbuster drug, but supported by other key segments, even with some regional headwinds.

The pharmaceutical sales segment remains the powerhouse, primarily driven by the continued success of its immuno-oncology therapy. For the full fiscal year 2025, the projection for this segment, led by the flagship product, is set at $32.2 billion.

To give you a sense of the momentum, here are the recent quarterly figures for that key pharmaceutical revenue stream:

Period KEYTRUDA Sales (USD) Year-over-Year Growth (Nominal)
Q1 2025 $7.2 billion 4%
Q2 2025 $8.0 billion 9%
Q3 2025 $8.1 billion 10%

Vaccine sales, centered on Gardasil/Gardasil 9, show a more complex picture due to inventory management and weak demand in specific international markets. Despite this, the product still generates significant revenue.

Here's how the vaccine revenue has tracked:

  • Sales for the first half of 2025 totaled $2.45 billion, a 48% year-over-year decline.
  • Q3 2025 sales were reported at $1.7 billion.
  • Q2 2025 sales were $1.1 billion.

The Animal Health product sales unit continues to act as a solid growth driver for Merck & Co., Inc., showing consistent quarterly increases, which helps balance the volatility in other areas. This segment also benefits from recent acquisitions, like the Elanco aqua business.

Animal Health quarterly performance:

  • Q1 2025 sales reached $1.6 billion, a 5% increase.
  • Q2 2025 sales were $1.6 billion, an 11% increase.
  • Q3 2025 sales were $1.6 billion, a 9% increase.

The total company revenue expectation for the full fiscal year 2025 has been refined, landing in a tight range. Merck & Co., Inc. now projects total company revenue for FY 2025 to be between $64.5 billion and $65.0 billion.

Also contributing to the top line is collaboration and licensing revenue from strategic partnerships. While a specific full-year number isn't always isolated, the Q1 2025 results noted higher payments received for out-licensing arrangements and royalties, showing this stream is active. The Q3 filing also details an 'Alliance revenue' component, which represents the Company's share of profits from those partnerships.

Finance: draft the Q4 2025 revenue reconciliation against the $64.5 billion to $65.0 billion guidance by next Tuesday.


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