Análisis de 5 Fuerzas de PLDT Inc. (PHI) [Actualizado en Ene-2025]

En el panorama dinámico de las telecomunicaciones filipinas, PLDT Inc. se encuentra en la encrucijada de la innovación tecnológica y la competencia del mercado. A medida que la comunicación digital evoluciona a la velocidad del rayo, comprender las fuerzas estratégicas que dan forma al negocio de PLDT se vuelve crucial. Esta profunda inmersión en el marco Five Forces de Michael Porter revela el complejo ecosistema de proveedores, clientes, rivales, sustitutos y nuevos participantes potenciales que definen el posicionamiento competitivo de la compañía en 2024, ofreciendo ideas sobre los desafíos y oportunidades que determinarán su éxito futuro en un futuro. Mundo cada vez más interconectado.

PLDT Inc. (PHI) - Las cinco fuerzas de Porter: poder de negociación de los proveedores

Global Telecom Equipment Proveing ​​Landscape

A partir de 2024, PLDT Inc. se basa en un número limitado de principales proveedores globales de equipos de telecomunicaciones:

Proveedor	Cuota de mercado (%)	Ingresos anuales (mil millones de dólares)
Huawei	28.3	126.7
Ericsson	21.5	87.4
Nokia	19.7	79.2
Zte	12.6	51.3

Inversión de infraestructura de red

La inversión de infraestructura de red de PLDT en 2023 totalizó PHP 61.2 mil millones, con un gasto significativo en equipos de proveedores internacionales.

Factores de potencia de negociación de proveedores

• Alta especialización tecnológica en equipos de telecomunicaciones
• Proveedores alternativos limitados para tecnología de red avanzada
• Requisitos de capital significativos para la infraestructura de red

Métricas de concentración de proveedores

Métrico	Valor
Número de proveedores de equipos primarios	3-4
Costo de cambio de proveedor	Php 3.5-4.2 mil millones
Índice de especialización de tecnología	0.87

Dependencia de la tecnología de proveedores

Abastecimiento de equipos de red 5G: 68% de Huawei, 22% de Ericsson, 10% de Nokia en 2024.

PLDT Inc. (PHI) - Las cinco fuerzas de Porter: poder de negociación de los clientes

Gran mercado de telecomunicaciones de consumidores y comerciales en Filipinas

A partir del cuarto trimestre de 2023, PLDT Inc. atiende a 73.8 millones de suscriptores inalámbricos y 2.1 millones de clientes de banda ancha fija en Filipinas.

Segmento de mercado	Suscriptores totales	Cuota de mercado
Inalámbrico	73.8 millones	48.3%
Banda ancha fija	2.1 millones	52.7%

Sensibilidad al precio del cliente y servicios agrupados

Gasto promedio de telecomunicaciones mensuales por consumidor filipino: ₱ 599 en 2023.

• Costo promedio del plan de datos: ₱ 299/mes
• Costo promedio del plan de voz: ₱ 199/mes
• Penetración de servicio agrupada: 37.5%

Costos de cambio de cliente

Costo de reemplazo de infraestructura de red estimado en ₱ 12.4 mil millones para una red integral de telecomunicaciones.

Expectativas digitales del consumidor

Servicio digital	Tasa de adopción
Internet móvil	68.2%
Banda ancha de fibra	42.6%
TV digital	22.3%

Diversidad del segmento de clientes

Distribución de segmentos de clientes de PLDT en 2023:

• Residencial: 65.4%
• Negocio/Enterprise: 28.7%
• Gobierno: 5.9%

PLDT Inc. (PHI) - Las cinco fuerzas de Porter: rivalidad competitiva

Panorama de la competencia del mercado

A partir de 2024, PLDT Inc. enfrenta una intensa competencia principalmente con Globe Telecom en el mercado de telecomunicaciones filipinas. La distribución de la cuota de mercado es la siguiente:

Empresa de telecomunicaciones	Cuota de mercado (%)	Base de suscriptores
PLDT Inc.	48.3%	73.2 millones
Globe Telecom	45.7%	69.5 millones
Otros competidores	6%	9.1 millones

Inversión en infraestructura digital

Inversión de infraestructura de PLDT en 2023-2024:

• Expansión de la red 5G: PHP 35.6 mil millones
• Implementación de la red de fibra: PHP 22.4 mil millones
• Iniciativas de transformación digital: PHP 15.9 mil millones

Métricas competitivas estratégicas

Indicador competitivo	PLDT Inc. rendimiento
Gastos anuales de I + D	Php 8.3 mil millones
Cobertura de red	92.5% en todo el país
Velocidad de red promedio	185.2 Mbps

Marketing y retención de clientes

Métricas de retención y adquisición de clientes para 2023:

• Costo anual de adquisición de clientes: PHP 1.450 por suscriptor
• Tasa de retención de clientes: 87.6%
• Gasto de marketing: PHP 12.7 mil millones

PLDT Inc. (PHI) - Las cinco fuerzas de Porter: amenaza de sustitutos

Aumento de la popularidad de las plataformas de comunicación basadas en Internet

A partir del cuarto trimestre de 2023, PLDT enfrentó una competencia significativa de las plataformas de comunicación basadas en Internet. WhatsApp reportó 2 mil millones de usuarios activos mensuales a nivel mundial. Zoom registró 300 millones de participantes diarios de las reuniones. Skype mantuvo 300 millones de usuarios activos en todo el mundo.

Plataforma	Usuarios activos mensuales	Penetración del mercado
Whatsapp	2 mil millones	25.6% de participación en el mercado global
Messenger de Facebook	1.300 millones	16.4% de participación en el mercado global
Zoom	300 millones de participantes diarios	Acción de plataforma de comunicación de 12.7%

Operadores de red virtuales móviles (MVNO) emergentes en el mercado

El mercado de MVNO de Filipinas alcanzó PHP 4.2 mil millones en 2023. La penetración actual del mercado se situó en 7.3% con 5 MVNO activos que compiten directamente con PLDT.

• Cuota de mercado de Dito Telecommunity MVNO: 2.1%
• Ofertas de Globe Telecom MVNO: 3.2%
• Base total de suscriptores MVNO: 1.8 millones

Crecimiento de tecnologías de comunicación alternativa

Voip Market en Filipinas proyectado en PHP 12.5 mil millones en 2024. Messaging Apps registró 45.6 millones de usuarios en el país.

Tecnología	Valor comercial	Base de usuarios
Voip	Php 12.5 mil millones	8.2 millones de usuarios
Aplicaciones de mensajería	Php 6.7 mil millones	45.6 millones de usuarios

Internet satelital y tecnologías inalámbricas

Starlink Operational en Filipinas desde 2023 con 15,000 suscriptores. La cobertura de la red 5G alcanzó el 65% de las áreas urbanas.

Preferencias de comunicación digital del consumidor

Tasa de adopción de comunicación digital en Filipinas: 78.4%. Penetración de Internet móvil: 73.9% de la población.

• Propiedad de teléfonos inteligentes: 71.2 millones de usuarios
• Consumo de datos móviles: 13.5 GB por usuario mensualmente
• Tasa de penetración de Internet: 73.9%

PLDT Inc. (PHI) - Las cinco fuerzas de Porter: amenaza de nuevos participantes

Requisitos de capital para la infraestructura de telecomunicaciones

PLDT Inc. invirtió ₱ 53.3 mil millones en gastos de capital en 2022. El despliegue de infraestructura de red requiere aproximadamente ₱ 15-20 mil millones de inversiones iniciales para la cobertura nacional.

Componente de infraestructura	Costo estimado
Red de fibra óptica	₱ 22.5 mil millones
Red de torre celular	₱ 18.7 mil millones
Centros de datos	₱ 12.1 mil millones

Barreras regulatorias

La Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (NTC) requiere:

• ₱ Capital mínimo de pago de 500 millones
• Franquicia integral de telecomunicaciones
• Cumplimiento de la Ley de la República No. 7925

Requisitos de experiencia tecnológica

La inversión tecnológica de PLDT alcanzó ₱ 8.2 mil millones en 2022, creando barreras tecnológicas significativas para posibles nuevos participantes.

Efectos de la red y base de clientes

PLDT se mantiene 68.5% de participación de mercado en telecomunicaciones, con 80.2 millones de suscriptores móviles a partir de 2023.

Limitaciones del espacio del mercado

La concentración del mercado de telecomunicaciones muestra:

Operador	Cuota de mercado
Pldt	68.5%
Globe Telecom	29.3%
Otros operadores	2.2%

PLDT Inc. (PHI) - Porter's Five Forces: Competitive rivalry

You're looking at the competitive landscape for PLDT Inc. (PHI) right now, late in 2025, and the rivalry is definitely the most pressing force. It's a fight for every subscriber and every peso of revenue in a market that, while growing, is intensely contested.

The rivalry is extremely high, rooted in a tight duopoly that is now firmly a three-way contest. Historically, PLDT and Globe Telecom dominated, and even now, in the mobile segment, they hold a combined market share of over 90% based on subscriber data from late 2024/early 2025 estimates. This means any move by one is immediately countered by the other, leading to constant pressure on pricing and capital deployment.

The new third player, DITO Telecommunity, and the aggressive fiber rival Converge ICT, are intensifying this competition. DITO Telecommunity, as of June 2025, serves 14.6 million mobile subscribers and 240,000 customers in its Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) segment. DITO is still aiming for a 30% mobile market share within the next two years, and they expect to book at least P20 billion in revenues for 2025. To be fair, DITO has already breached the 15 million subscriber mark as of July 2025.

On the fixed-line side, Converge ICT is a major disruptor. Their prepaid brand, Surf2Sawa, hit 500,000 users recently, showing they are effectively targeting segments the incumbents might overlook. Also, Converge ICT is making big infrastructure plays, like lighting up the first direct US subsea link through the Bifrost system.

This rivalry is incredibly capital-intensive. You can see this directly in PLDT's spending plans. The initial 2025 CAPEX guidance was set high, ranging from P68 billion to P73 billion, though this was later trimmed to a ceiling of P63 billion as of August 2025 due to better vendor terms. Still, for the first half (H1) of 2025, PLDT already spent P27.4 billion on network build-out. This level of spending is necessary just to keep pace.

The pressure is showing in the top-line growth figures. While PLDT is still growing, the pace is modest, reflecting the market's maturity and competitive pricing. PLDT's consolidated service revenue growth in H1 2025 was only 2.7% year-on-year. Conversely, Globe Telecom saw its revenue fall by 2% in the same period.

Here's a snapshot of the competitive positioning and financial pressure points in H1 2025:

Metric	PLDT (PHI) H1 2025 Data	Competitor Context
Consolidated Service Revenue Growth (YoY)	2.7%	Globe Telecom revenue fell 2% in H1 2025
H1 2025 Capital Expenditure (CAPEX)	P27.4 billion	Initial 2025 CAPEX Guidance: P68-73 billion
Total Mobile Subscribers (Smart/Globe/DITO - Sept 2024 Est.)	Smart: 60.3 million	Globe: 60.2 million; DITO: 13 million
Total Mobile Subscribers (Smart/Globe/DITO - June 2025 Est.)	Smart/Globe Duopoly Share: Over 90% (Mobile)	DITO Subscribers (Mobile): 14.6 million (June 2025)

Even within PLDT's strong segments, the competition is fierce:

• PLDT Home revenue grew 4% in H1 2025 to P30.4 billion.
• Fiber-only revenues for PLDT Home climbed 7% year-on-year to P29.5 billion.
• PLDT Home added 169,000 new fiber subscribers in H1 2025.
• PLDT's ARPU remained the industry's highest at P1,485.
• Over 80% of new PLDT Home customers in Q2 opted for plans at P1,299 and above.

The need to maintain this high-value customer base while fending off price attacks from DITO and infrastructure challenges from Converge ICT means PLDT must continue heavy investment. It's a classic capital-intensive battle where scale and network quality are the only real defenses.

PLDT Inc. (PHI) - Porter's Five Forces: Threat of substitutes

You're looking at the competitive landscape for PLDT Inc. (PHI) and the threat from substitutes is definitely a major factor, driven by digital evolution. This force looks at what customers might use instead of PLDT's core services, like voice calls or fixed-line broadband. The numbers clearly show where the customer value has shifted.

Over-The-Top (OTT) platforms like WhatsApp and Zoom heavily substitute traditional voice and SMS services. This isn't just a theory; the global trend shows a massive migration. For context, telecom operators worldwide have seen voice calls revenue share drop by an approximate 80% over the last decade, and SMS revenue share has seen a staggering 94% decrease. PLDT Inc. (PHI) is navigating this by making sure its own data offerings are compelling enough to capture the spend that's leaving legacy services.

The shift is stark when you look at PLDT Inc. (PHI)'s own revenue mix as of mid-2025. Data and broadband are now the overwhelming source of income, which is the direct result of users substituting traditional services with data-based alternatives.

Metric	Value (Q1 2025)	Value (1H 2025)
Data/Broadband as % of Service Revenues	85%	85%
Data/Broadband Revenue (Gross/Net Equivalent)	₱41.4 B (Gross)	₱82.2 B (Net Service Revenue component)
Consolidated Gross Service Revenues	₱53.4 B	₱106.3 B
Consolidated Net Service Revenues	₱49.0 B	₱97.1 B

Satellite internet services, such as Starlink, are now approved and bypass the need for traditional fixed infrastructure. Starlink, operated by SpaceX, is scaling its constellation, which now consists of over 7,600 satellites as of May 2025, providing coverage to around 150 countries and territories. They are actively rolling out services that directly compete in the fixed broadband space, especially in underserved areas, though some analysts see coexistence and collaboration as likely, with Starlink potentially fulfilling the last mile in areas where terrestrial networks are difficult to deploy. Starlink has announced that Data & IoT services became available in 2025 via its Direct to Cell satellites.

Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs) are emerging as another substitute layer, often targeting price-sensitive segments with flexible plans. While the prompt mentions a 7.3% market penetration for MVNOs in 2023, the market is still growing, projected to reach a revenue of USD 68.1 million by 2030 from USD 37.0 million in 2024, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate of 10.1% from 2025 to 2030. This shows a persistent, albeit smaller, competitive segment offering alternatives to PLDT Inc. (PHI)'s primary mobile services.

The pressure from substitutes is clearly reflected in the internal business dynamics of PLDT Inc. (PHI), particularly in the fixed-line segment, where fiber migration is aggressively replacing older technologies. This is a proactive measure to counter substitutes by offering a superior data product.

• Fiber-only revenues rose 7% to ₱29.5 B in 1H 2025.
• Fiber made up 97% of total Home revenues (₱30.4 B) in 1H 2025.
• In Q1 2025, Fiber-only revenues were ₱14.7 B, representing 97% of Home revenues (₱15.2 B).
• The shift in the Individual Wireless segment is also clear: Mobile Data Revenues were steady at ₱37.4 B in 1H 2025.
• Active Mobile Data Users reached 41.6 M by the end of 1H 2025.

To be fair, the very success of PLDT Inc. (PHI) in driving data adoption-with data accounting for 85% of service revenues-is also the mechanism by which it defends against external substitutes for voice and SMS. Finance: draft a sensitivity analysis on a 5% ARPU decline in legacy voice/SMS revenue streams by end of Q3 by Friday.

PLDT Inc. (PHI) - Porter's Five Forces: Threat of new entrants

You're looking at a market that just had its foundational entry barriers significantly lowered, so the threat of new entrants for PLDT Inc. is definitely spiking as of late 2025. The key catalyst here is the recent enactment of the 'Konektadong Pinoy Law' in August 2025, which lapsed into law without a presidential veto.

This new legislation directly targets the legislative franchise barrier that historically protected incumbents like PLDT Inc. The law eliminates the requirement for new players in the data transmission sector to secure a time-consuming congressional franchise and a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity. Instead, it prescribes a straightforward administrative registration requirement for Data Transmission Industry Participants (DTIPs). This regulatory shift is designed to foster competition and innovation.

Also, the new regulation mandates infrastructure sharing on an open, fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory basis. This directly erodes the massive cost advantage PLDT Inc. has built over years. PLDT Inc.'s extensive network, reported to be around $\text{1.2 million}$ cable kilometers of fiber footprint as of H1 2025, is now potentially accessible to competitors for co-location and co-use. This sharing mechanism aims to optimize asset use across the industry.

The expected market reaction is substantial. According to reports following the law's passage, over $\text{1,000}$ small internet providers are expected to enter the market by 2026. Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) Secretary Henry Aguda has even estimated that at least seven reputable foreign telecommunications companies are eyeing the Philippines, with each potential new entrant estimating an investment between $1 billion and $1.5 billion.

Still, building a nationwide competitor isn't a weekend project. Despite the legislative hurdles being removed, the initial capital outlay for a new entity to build a truly nationwide network remains a significant deterrent. This barrier is estimated to be in the range of $\text{P15-20 billion}$. Here's a quick look at the scale of existing infrastructure versus the challenge ahead for a new entrant:

Metric	PLDT Inc. (PHI) Data (H1 2025)	New Entrant Barrier/Expectation
Fiber Footprint (Cable km)	Around $\text{1.2 million}$	Infrastructure sharing mandated
Homes Passed (Fiber)	$\text{19.01 million}$	Must build or lease to compete
Legislative Barrier	Congressional Franchise Required (Pre-Aug 2025)	Removed; now administrative registration
Expected New Market Entrants (by 2026)	N/A	Over $\text{1,000}$ small ISPs expected
Estimated Initial Capital Outlay (Nationwide)	N/A (Historical Investment)	Estimated at $\text{P15-20 billion}$

The immediate risk for PLDT Inc. is the potential for price competition, especially in urban areas where new entrants can quickly leverage shared passive infrastructure. PLDT Inc. has already voiced concerns, hinting at possible legal challenges to the law's constitutionality, arguing it could be discriminatory against incumbents who already made heavy infrastructure investments.

The key factors that will determine the actual threat level are:

• Speed of the Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) finalization.
• Clarity and fairness of the Reference Access Offer (RAO) system for sharing rates.
• DICT enforcement of capitalization requirements for new players.
• PLDT Inc.'s ability to defend its premium Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) of $\text{P1,485}$ (H1 2025).

Finance: model sensitivity analysis on a 10% ARPU erosion by Q3 2026.