Bunge Limited (BG): Analyse Pestle [Jan-2025 MISE À JOUR]

Dans le monde dynamique de l'agriculture mondiale, Bunge Limited est un joueur charnière naviguant dans un paysage complexe de défis et d'opportunités interconnectés. Cette analyse complète du pilon dévoile les facteurs externes à multiples facettes qui façonnent la trajectoire stratégique de l'entreprise, des tensions géopolitiques et de la volatilité économique aux innovations technologiques et aux impératifs environnementaux. En disséquant les dimensions politiques, économiques, sociologiques, technologiques, juridiques et environnementales, nous explorerons comment Bunge Limited s'adapte non seulement aux pressions du marché mondial, mais se positionne également comme une force transformatrice dans le commerce agricole durable.

Bunge Limited (BG) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs politiques

Les tensions du commerce mondial ont un impact sur les stratégies d'exportation des produits agricoles

En 2023, les tensions commerciales américano-chinoises ont entraîné 4,5 milliards de dollars de perturbations commerciales agricoles des produits de base. Bunge Limited a connu une réduction de 12,3% des volumes d'exportation vers la Chine par rapport aux années précédentes.

Impact commercial	Valeur	Pourcentage de variation
Perturbations des exportations agricoles	4,5 milliards de dollars	-12.3%
Réduction de l'exportation en Chine	620 millions de dollars	-12.3%

Changements de subventions agricoles et de politiques commerciales

Le projet de loi US Farm 2023 a alloué 428 milliards de dollars de subventions agricoles, ce qui a un impact direct sur les stratégies opérationnelles de Bunge.

• Attribution des subventions agricoles américaines: 428 milliards de dollars
• Ajustements tarifaires affectant les exportations de soja: 15,2%
• Modifications de la politique d'exportation du maïs: modification de 8,7%

Risques géopolitiques dans les principales régions de production agricole

Le Brésil et l'Argentine ont connu une volatilité politique importante en 2023, l'instabilité économique ayant un impact sur la production agricole.

Pays	Indice d'instabilité politique	Impact de la production agricole
Brésil	6.4/10	-9,2% de réduction de la production
Argentine	7.1/10	-11,5% de réduction de la production

Changements réglementaires dans la sécurité alimentaire et la durabilité agricole

L'Union européenne a mis en œuvre de nouvelles réglementations sur la durabilité en 2023, nécessitant des rapports complètes d'empreintes carbone pour les produits agricoles.

• Coût de conformité de la réglementation de la durabilité de l'UE: 127 millions d'euros
• Exigences de déclaration du carbone: obligatoire pour les entreprises avec> 250 employés
• Investissements de certification de durabilité: 42,3 millions de dollars

Bunge Limited (BG) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs économiques

Prix ​​des produits de base volatile affectant les marges de produit agricole

Les marges de base agricole de Bunge Limited ont connu une volatilité importante en 2023. Les prix du soja variaient de 12,50 $ à 16,75 $ par boisseau. Les contrats à terme sur le blé ont fluctué entre 6,25 $ et 8,90 $ par boisseau. Les prix du maïs variaient de 4,75 $ à 6,60 $ par boisseau.

Marchandise	Prix ​​le plus bas (2023)	Prix ​​le plus élevé (2023)	Prix ​​moyen (2023)
Soja	12,50 $ / boisseau	16,75 $ / boisseau	14,62 $ / boisseau
Blé	6,25 $ / boisseau	8,90 $ / boisseau	7,58 $ / boisseau
Maïs	4,75 $ / boisseau	6,60 $ / boisseau	5,68 $ / boisseau

Fluctuations de taux de change dans les opérations du marché émergent

Les opérations de marché émergentes de Bunge ont été confrontées à une volatilité des devises importante. Le réel brésilien a fluctué entre 4,85 et 5,35 à USD. Le peso argentin variait de 270 à 350 à USD. Le yuan chinois variait entre 6,85 et 7,20 à l'USD.

Devise	Taux le plus bas (2023)	Taux le plus élevé (2023)	Taux moyen (2023)
Brésilien réel	4.85 BRL / USD	5.35 BRL / USD	5.10 BRL / USD
Peso argentin	270 ARS / USD	350 ARS / USD	310 ARS / USD
Yuan chinois	6.85 CNY / USD	7.20 CNY / USD	7.02 CNY / USD

Le ralentissement économique mondial réduisant potentiellement la demande agricole

Les indicateurs mondiaux de la demande agricole ont montré une baisse modeste. Le volume mondial du commerce agricole a diminué de 3,2% en 2023. La croissance du PIB agricole mondial a ralenti pour 1,7% par rapport à 2,9% de l'année précédente.

Investissement dans les stratégies d'efficacité et d'optimisation des coûts

Bunge a investi 287 millions de dollars dans les initiatives d'efficacité opérationnelle en 2023. Les stratégies d'optimisation des coûts ont entraîné 124 millions de dollars d'économies annuelles. La réduction des dépenses opérationnelles a atteint 6,3% en glissement annuel.

Accent croissant sur l'agriculture durable et l'économie de la chaîne de valeur

Les investissements en agriculture durable ont atteint 215 millions de dollars en 2023. Les initiatives de réduction du carbone ont économisé environ 127 000 tonnes métriques d'émissions de CO2. Les investissements durables de la chaîne d'approvisionnement ont totalisé 178 millions de dollars.

Métrique de la durabilité	2023 Investissement	Impact
Agriculture durable	215 millions de dollars	Amélioration des pratiques agricoles
Réduction du carbone	92 millions de dollars	127 000 tonnes métriques CO2
Durabilité de la chaîne d'approvisionnement	178 millions de dollars	Efficacité de la chaîne de valeur améliorée

Bunge Limited (BG) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs sociaux

Demande croissante des consommateurs de produits alimentaires durables et traçables

Selon l'indice de parts de marché durable de 2023, 73% des consommateurs mondiaux préfèrent les produits alimentaires d'origine durable. Les revenus de Bunge Limited provenant des pratiques agricoles durables ont atteint 15,2 milliards de dollars en 2023, ce qui représente 42% du total des revenus de l'entreprise.

Année	Revenus de produits durables	Pourcentage du total des revenus
2021	12,7 milliards de dollars	36%
2022	14,3 milliards de dollars	39%
2023	15,2 milliards de dollars	42%

Changer les préférences alimentaires ayant un impact sur les marchés des produits agricoles

Le marché des protéines végétales a augmenté de 11,4% en 2023, atteignant 29,4 milliards de dollars dans le monde. Le segment des ingrédients à base d'usine de Bunge Limited a généré 3,8 milliards de dollars de revenus, soit une augmentation de 17% par rapport à 2022.

Segment diététique	Taille du marché 2023	Taux de croissance
Protéines à base de plantes	29,4 milliards de dollars	11.4%
Ingrédients à base de plantes	3,8 milliards de dollars	17%

Changements démographiques de la main-d'œuvre dans les secteurs agricoles et de transformation des aliments

Âge moyen des travailleurs agricoles en Amérique du Nord: 57,5 ​​ans. Bunge Limited a investi 124 millions de dollars dans les programmes de formation et de développement de la main-d'œuvre en 2023, ciblant le recrutement démographique plus jeune.

Accroître la conscience de la responsabilité environnementale et sociale

L'investissement ESG a atteint 40,5 billions de dollars dans le monde en 2023. Le score de performance ESG de Bunge Limited est passé de 67 à 73 en 2023, attirant une augmentation des intérêts des investisseurs institutionnels.

Astenses à la hausse des consommateurs pour les pratiques transparentes de la chaîne d'approvisionnement

91% des consommateurs demandent la transparence de la chaîne d'approvisionnement. Bunge Limited a mis en œuvre la traçabilité de la blockchain pour 62% de sa chaîne d'approvisionnement agricole des produits de base en 2023, couvrant 47 pays.

Métrique de traçabilité de la chaîne d'approvisionnement	2022 Performance	Performance de 2023
Couverture de blockchain	42%	62%
Les pays couverts	34	47

Bunge Limited (BG) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs technologiques

Technologies avancées de l'agriculture de précision pour une meilleure gestion des cultures

Bunge Limited a investi 42,3 millions de dollars dans les technologies d'agriculture de précision en 2023. La société a déployé 3 750 capteurs IoT sur 275 000 hectares de terres agricoles. L'équipement agricole de précision compatible GPS a augmenté l'efficacité du rendement des cultures de 17,6%.

Type de technologie	Investissement ($ m)	Zone de couverture (hectares)	Amélioration de l'efficacité (%)
Imagerie par satellite	12.5	125,000	14.3
Surveillance des drones	8.7	75,000	12.9
Réseaux de capteurs IoT	21.1	75,000	17.6

Transformation numérique dans la chaîne d'approvisionnement et le suivi logistique

Bunge a implémenté un Transformation de la chaîne d'approvisionnement numérique de 67,5 millions de dollars. Les systèmes de suivi en temps réel couvrent 92% des opérations logistiques mondiales. L'intégration de la plate-forme numérique a réduit les coûts de transport de 22,4%.

Solution numérique	Coût de mise en œuvre ($ m)	Couverture (%)	Réduction des coûts (%)
Plateforme de logistique basée sur le cloud	28.3	85	18.7
Systèmes de suivi en temps réel	39.2	92	22.4

Investissement dans l'IA et l'apprentissage automatique pour les prévisions agricoles

Bunge a alloué 35,6 millions de dollars aux technologies de l'IA et de l'apprentissage automatique. Les modèles prédictifs atteignent une précision de 84,3% des prévisions de rendement des cultures. Algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique Processus 2.7 Pétaoctets de données agricoles par an.

Mise en œuvre de la blockchain pour une traçabilité alimentaire améliorée

L'investissement technologique de la blockchain a atteint 22,9 millions de dollars. La couverture de traçabilité s'est étendue à 68% de la chaîne d'approvisionnement mondiale. Le temps de vérification des transactions réduit de 47%.

Automatisation et robotique dans les installations de traitement agricole

Bunge a investi 53,4 millions de dollars dans les technologies d'automatisation. Les systèmes de traitement robotique gèrent désormais 63% des opérations de traitement agricole. L'automatisation a augmenté l'efficacité de traitement de 29,6%.

Type d'automatisation	Investissement ($ m)	Couverture de traitement (%)	Amélioration de l'efficacité (%)
Systèmes de tri robotique	18.7	42	22.3
Emballage automatisé	24.6	58	29.6
Contrôle de la qualité axé sur l'IA	10.1	35	18.9

Bunge Limited (BG) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs juridiques

Conformité aux réglementations internationales sur le commerce agricole

Bunge Limited fonctionne en vertu de plusieurs réglementations commerciales internationales avec des exigences de conformité spécifiques:

Règlement	Détails de la conformité	Coût annuel de conformité
Accord agricole de l'OMC	Adhésion complète aux normes commerciales mondiales	12,4 millions de dollars
Act des pratiques de corruption étrangère américaines	Protocoles anti-corruption complets	8,7 millions de dollars
Règlements sur les importations agricoles de l'UE	Exigences strictes de qualité et de documentation	15,2 millions de dollars

Exigences de déclaration de l'environnement et de la durabilité

Bunge est conforme aux vastes cadres de rapports environnementaux:

Norme de rapport	Niveau de conformité	Dépenses de rapport annuelles
Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)	Compliance complète	3,6 millions de dollars
Conseil des normes de comptabilité durable	Reportage complet	2,9 millions de dollars

Normes internationales de sécurité alimentaire et de contrôle de la qualité

Mesures clés de la conformité en matière de sécurité alimentaire:

• Couverture de certification ISO 22000: 98% des opérations mondiales
• Conformité HACCP: 100% des installations de traitement
• Investissement annuel sur le contrôle de la qualité: 47,3 millions de dollars

Protection de la propriété intellectuelle

La stratégie de protection de la propriété intellectuelle de Bunge comprend:

Catégorie IP	Nombre de brevets	Dépenses annuelles de protection IP
Technologie agricole	37 brevets actifs	5,8 millions de dollars
Traitement des innovations	22 brevets actifs	4,2 millions de dollars

Règlement sur le travail et l'emploi multinational

Statistiques mondiales de conformité du travail:

• Pays d'opération: 40
• Total de main-d'œuvre: 23 000 employés
• Investissement annuel de conformité juridique: 19,6 millions de dollars
• Taux de conformité du réglementation du travail: 99,7%

Bunge Limited (BG) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs environnementaux

Engagement à réduire l'empreinte carbone des opérations agricoles

Bunge Limited vise à réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre de la portée 1 et de la portée 2 de 30% d'ici 2030, avec une année de référence de 2019. La société a déclaré 3,3 millions de tonnes métriques d'émissions équivalentes de CO2 en 2022.

Catégorie d'émission	2022 émissions (tonnes métriques CO2E)	Cible de réduction
Émissions de la portée 1	2,1 millions	Réduction de 30% d'ici 2030
Émissions de la portée 2	1,2 million	Réduction de 30% d'ici 2030

Stratégies d'adaptation du changement climatique pour la production agricole

Bunge a investi 45 millions de dollars dans la recherche et le développement des cultures résilientes au climat en 2022. La société se concentre sur le développement de variétés de cultures résistantes à la sécheresse et tolérantes à la chaleur.

Type de culture	Investissement d'adaptation climatique	Amélioration attendue du rendement
Soja	18,5 millions de dollars	Augmentation de 12% de la résistance à la sécheresse
Maïs	15,2 millions de dollars	Augmentation de 10% de la tolérance à la chaleur

Pratiques agricoles durables et initiatives d'agriculture régénérative

Bunge s'est engagé à soutenir 1 million d'hectares d'agriculture régénérative d'ici 2030. En 2022, la société a travaillé avec 250 000 hectares dans le cadre des pratiques régénératives.

Pratique régénérative	Hectares mis en œuvre	Potentiel de séquestration du carbone
Agriculture sans jusqu'à ce que	150,000	0,5 tonne CO2 / hectare / an
Couvercle de couverture	100,000	0,3 tonnes CO2 / hectare / an

Programmes de conservation de l'eau et de gestion des ressources

Bunge a mis en œuvre des programmes d'efficacité de l'eau dans ses opérations, ciblant une réduction de 20% de l'utilisation de l'eau d'ici 2030. En 2022, la société a réduit la consommation d'eau de 8% par rapport à la ligne de base de 2019.

Facilité	Consommation d'eau 2022	Cible de réduction de l'eau
Plantes de traitement	12,5 millions de mètres cubes	20% de réduction d'ici 2030
Installations agricoles	7,3 millions de mètres cubes	20% de réduction d'ici 2030

Conservation de la biodiversité dans les écosystèmes agricoles

Bunge a alloué 25 millions de dollars aux efforts de conservation de la biodiversité en 2022, en se concentrant sur la protection des habitats naturels dans les régions agricoles.

Zone de conservation	Investissement	Hectares protégés
Zones de tampon Amazon Rainforest	12,5 millions de dollars	50 000 hectares
Protection des écosystèmes de Cerrado	8,5 millions de dollars	35 000 hectares

Bunge Limited (BG) - PESTLE Analysis: Social factors

Increasing consumer demand for fully traceable and sustainably sourced food ingredients.

You are seeing a fundamental shift in consumer behavior, moving past just price to demand verifiable proof of ethical sourcing and environmental responsibility. This isn't a niche trend anymore; it's a core market expectation. Around two-thirds of consumers now factor in environmental or sustainability concerns when they decide what to buy. This push for transparency is driving a massive investment wave in supply chain technology.

The global food traceability market, which includes the systems Bunge Limited uses to track its commodities, is projected to grow significantly, reaching $38.5 billion in the next four years, up from $23.8 billion in 2024. For a company like Bunge, which is a global leader in oilseed processing, this means their sustainability commitments are now a competitive advantage, not just a compliance cost. They've already hit a major milestone toward their 2025 zero-deforestation goal by achieving 100% traceability and monitoring of their direct and indirect soy purchases in the priority regions of the Brazilian Cerrado. That's a huge operational win that builds trust with major food manufacturers.

Focus on food security and supply chain resilience following global disruptions.

The lessons from the last few years-geopolitical conflicts, extreme weather, and the lingering effects of the pandemic-have made supply chain resilience a top-tier social and strategic priority. Consumers and governments alike are focused on food security, which translates to a need for diversified, agile sourcing. Global food supply chain leaders are now prioritizing operational resilience, meaning they are actively diversifying supplier bases and strengthening logistics infrastructure.

Bunge's global footprint, spanning over 50 countries, is a structural advantage here. It helps mitigate regional risks; for example, strong South American agribusiness operations can offset issues caused by U.S. Midwest droughts. Still, the geopolitical upheaval is keeping cost structures inflated, especially for shipping and agricultural inputs. This focus on resilience is why you see companies investing heavily in strategies to reduce risk from volatile commodity prices. It's a pragmatic, defensive move that stabilizes the food system for everyone.

Labor shortages and wage inflation challenge operations in key processing facilities.

The agricultural and food processing sectors are facing a severe labor crunch, which directly impacts Bunge's operating costs and capacity. The U.S. agricultural industry alone is projected to need approximately 2.4 million more farmworkers in 2025. This shortage, combined with broader inflationary pressures, is driving labor costs to record highs.

Here's the quick math: labor expenses across the entire agricultural industry are forecast to exceed $53 billion in 2025, a nearly 50% surge since 2020. For farmers who supply Bunge, this pressure is intense. Small farms, for instance, are grappling with annual labor cost increases of around 30%. Even the Adverse Effect Wage Rates (AEWR) for H-2A visa holders, a key labor source, are rising, with regional averages increasing by 4.5% in 2025. This wage inflation compresses margins for Bunge's suppliers and ultimately increases the cost of raw materials for its processing facilities.

US Agricultural Labor Cost & Shortage (2025 Forecast)	Amount/Metric
Total Projected Labor Expenses	Over $53 billion
Projected Farmworker Shortage	Approx. 2.4 million workers
Small Farm Annual Wage Increase (Approx.)	30%
Average 2025 AEWR Increase (Regional)	4.5%

Growing preference for plant-based oils and proteins in developed markets.

The consumer shift toward healthier, more sustainable diets is a massive tailwind for Bunge's ingredients business. The global plant-based food market is on track to reach $77.9 billion in 2025, and the overall demand for plant-based proteins, sustainable oils, and biofuels is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5% through 2030. This isn't just a food trend; it's a structural change in the global diet.

Bunge is defintely leaning into this opportunity. They have invested approximately $550 million to build a new, fully integrated soy protein concentrate (SPC) and textured soy protein concentrate (TSPC) facility in Morristown, Indiana. This facility, which is expected to be commissioned in mid-2025, will process an additional 4.5 million bushels of soybeans once it hits full capacity. This move positions Bunge to capture higher-margin, value-added business in the alternative meat and dairy industries.

Key actions Bunge is taking to capitalize on this trend:

• Investing $550 million in a new US soy protein facility, commissioned in mid-2025.
• Targeting an additional 4.5 million bushels of soybeans processed for plant protein.
• Expanding its Creative Solutions Center with a $10 million investment to enhance plant protein technical capabilities.

Bunge Limited (BG) - PESTLE Analysis: Technological factors

Investment in precision agriculture and AI to optimize crop sourcing and yields.

Bunge Limited is strategically deploying capital into AgTech (Agricultural Technology) to enhance raw material sourcing, which is critical given the company's projected $1.5 to $1.7 billion in capital expenditures for 2025. This investment is focused on growth and productivity projects, including the integration of digital tools.

You can see this focus in the company's partnership with Microsoft, leveraging their cloud and Artificial Intelligence (AI) capabilities. This allows Bunge to analyze vast amounts of data for better crop management, yield forecasting, and market trend analysis. Using precision agriculture techniques, like variable-rate application of fertilizers and targeted irrigation, helps reduce waste and increase crop yields, which is a necessary move as the industry seeks a potential 25% increase in agricultural output over the next decade through technology.

This is a smart, defensive move. Optimizing crop sourcing with AI helps Bunge secure better quality and more predictable supply, a crucial advantage when commodity markets are volatile.

Digitalization of the supply chain reduces transaction costs and improves transparency.

The core of Bunge's 2025 technological strategy is the integration of the Viterra Limited (Viterra) acquisition, which closed in July 2025. This merger is expected to yield significant 'logistical and transportation efficiencies' by streamlining processing networks and optimizing supply chains for durable cost savings.

Digitalization efforts are aimed at reducing the highly manual and costly post-trade execution processes in global agricultural shipping. While specific transaction cost reductions are not publicly quantified, the goal is clear: shorter document-processing times and better end-to-end contracting visibility. Furthermore, technology is the backbone of Bunge's commitment to a deforestation-free supply chain in 2025, which requires advanced traceability and transparency systems.

This digital integration is not free; it's part of the Corporate and Other activities that include unallocated acquisition and integration costs related to the Viterra deal. Here's a quick look at the scale of their planned technological and structural investments:

2025 Financial Metric (Combined Company)	Value/Range	Context
Projected Capital Expenditures (CapEx)	$1.5 to $1.7 billion	Funding for growth, productivity, and new facility construction.
Projected Depreciation and Amortization	Approximately $490 million	Reflects the cost of existing and new physical/intangible assets (including technology).
Adjusted Full-Year EPS Outlook	$7.30 to $7.60	The target that must be supported by synergy realization from technology and integration.

Advanced oilseed crushing and refining technologies improve product yield and quality.

Bunge is making tangible, large-scale investments in its processing infrastructure to boost both yield and product quality. The projected $1.5 to $1.7 billion in 2025 CapEx directly funds these physical technology upgrades.

Key projects coming online or under construction in 2025 include:

• The new soy protein concentrate (SPC) plant in Morristown, Indiana, which will be the largest single-line food SPC plant in the world.
• A new crush plant at the Destrehan, Louisiana port complex, designed to process both soy and softseeds for domestic and export markets.

In refining, Bunge utilizes Enzymatic Interesterification (EIE), a patented process that uses enzymes to create specialty fats and oils. This advanced technology is highly efficient, helping to save energy, reduce waste, and, critically, avoid trans fats, which is a major quality differentiator for food customers. The company's focus on efficiency and continuous improvement already resulted in the industrial operations team setting more than 150 production records in 2024. That's a clear indicator of the efficiency gains from their Bunge Production System.

Cybersecurity risks increase due to reliance on complex, integrated global trading platforms.

The sheer scale and global integration of Bunge's operations, especially post-Viterra merger, significantly heighten its exposure to cybersecurity threats. The company relies on complex, interconnected Information Technology (IT) systems for everything from procurement and inventory management to transaction processing and financial data.

The 2024 10-K filing (released early 2025) explicitly names 'more sophisticated and targeted cybersecurity attacks' as a potentially significant risk to the security and integrity of their data. The risk is amplified by geopolitical conflicts that can drive state-sponsored attacks. To manage this, Bunge bases its information security process on the NIST Cybersecurity Framework, a well-regarded industry standard.

The company is not ignoring the threat; they conduct cybersecurity incident simulation exercises involving senior management and invest in broad employee training. Still, the integration of Viterra's systems creates a defintely larger attack surface in the near term. You need to be aware that while they have insurance coverage, it 'may be insufficient to cover all losses.'

Bunge Limited (BG) - PESTLE Analysis: Legal factors

The Viterra Merger and Global Anti-Trust Scrutiny

You need to understand that Bunge Limited's acquisition of Viterra Limited, while strategically transformative, created a significant legal and regulatory hurdle in 2025. The core transaction value-the stock and cash component paid to Viterra shareholders-was approximately $8.2 billion, but the total enterprise value of the combined entity, including Viterra's debt, was closer to $34 billion. That kind of scale defintely attracts the attention of competition watchdogs globally.

Regulators in key markets were concerned about the concentration of market power in the global grain and oilseed trading sector. This scrutiny required Bunge to make significant concessions to secure approval, which was largely completed by July 2025.

Regulatory Body	Key Anti-Trust Concern	Required Legal Concession (2025)
Canada Competition Bureau	Loss of rivalry in grain purchasing and canola oil sales.	Divestiture of 6 grain elevators in Western Canada; $520 million investment commitment in Canada; canola oil price protection program.
China State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR)	Market dominance in the world's largest commodity import market.	Approval granted in June 2025, clearing the final major regulatory hurdle for the transaction.
European Commission (EU)	Impact on European grain and oilseed processing markets.	Approval granted following an offer of concessions by the companies.

Compliance with the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR)

The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) is a massive operational challenge, not just an environmental one. It forces Bunge to prove that its products-soy, palm oil, and derived products-did not originate from land deforested after the December 31, 2020, cut-off date. This means every shipment into the EU requires a rigorous due diligence statement.

Bunge's own corporate commitment to be deforestation-free by the end of 2025, with a self-imposed cut-off date of December 31, 2024, is still out of step with the EU's stricter 2020 rule. What this estimate hides is the immense cost of 100% traceability for indirect suppliers. Still, Bunge has achieved over 95% deforestation and conversion-free soy in its priority regions of South America, which shows progress.

• EUDR Cut-off Date: December 31, 2020.
• Bunge's Internal Cut-off Date: December 31, 2024.
• Operational Compliance: Requires full traceability and geo-location for all sourced commodities to avoid fines and market exclusion.

International Trade Agreements and Tariff Structures

The legal landscape of international trade is constantly shifting, which directly impacts Bunge's financial performance. Specifically, the 2025 political environment has led to new tariff risks. For instance, the re-introduction of tariffs by the Trump administration includes increased duties on key agricultural imports from countries like China, Canada, and Mexico, with rates ranging from 10% to 30% depending on the commodity.

Here's the quick math: initial estimates suggest these trade barriers could lead to a potential reduction in Bunge's annual net income by 15% to 20%. The company's global footprint helps, but it doesn't eliminate the risk. That's why Bunge's Tariff Resilience Score, as measured in November 2025, is only 4/10, indicating an 'Average Resilient' position. The company is still forecasting a full-year 2025 adjusted earnings per share (EPS) of approximately $7.75, but tariffs are a clear headwind.

Strict Labor Laws and Environmental Permitting in South American Operations

Operating in South America, particularly in Brazil and Argentina, means navigating a complex web of national and sub-national laws concerning labor and environmental permits. Bunge is a major player in the region, so compliance risk is magnified.

The legal obligations are clear and non-negotiable. For labor, Bunge's policy requires suppliers to provide written contracts, monitor working hours and overtime as per local law, and ensure fair remuneration. They also actively check for forced or compulsory labor using public lists from the Brazilian Special Secretariat for Social Security and Labor. For environmental permitting, Bunge must strictly adhere to regulations like Argentina's Law on Environmental Protection of Native Forests (Law 26,331), which dictates land use guidelines in the Gran Chaco region. Bunge has achieved 100% traceability for its direct-to-farm soy purchases in priority areas of Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay, which is a key legal and operational defense against non-compliance claims.

Bunge Limited (BG) - PESTLE Analysis: Environmental factors

Climate change-driven weather events (droughts, floods) threaten crop yields and stability.

You can't run a global agribusiness without constantly managing climate risk, and Bunge Limited's exposure to volatile weather is a clear and present danger to its supply chain stability. Honestly, the volatility is increasing.

For the 2024-2025 crop year, we saw this play out defintely in South America. While Brazil's national soybean yield was strong, up about 10% from the previous season, regional drought hit hard. For example, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, dry and hot weather in early 2025 slashed yields to only 37 bushels per acre, a stark contrast to the national average of 52 bushels per acre.

This regional instability directly hits the bottom line. Bunge's fourth-quarter 2024 results, reported in February 2025, reflected this pressure, with Agribusiness reporting lower Processing results, partially due to the challenges in South America. The company is actively working to diversify its sourcing and promote climate-smart solutions like regenerative agriculture to mitigate these macro risks.

Pressure to reduce Scope 3 emissions, particularly from land use change and deforestation.

The biggest environmental challenge for any major grain processor is Scope 3 emissions-the indirect emissions from your value chain, like those from farming and land-use change. Bunge has set Science-Based Targets (SBTs) to address this, recognizing that customers and regulators are demanding a lower-carbon product.

The core target is an absolute reduction of Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 12% by 2030 from a 2020 baseline. Here's the quick math: the company reported a reduction of 10.6% in Scope 3 emissions from its value chains in 2023, showing solid progress toward the 2030 goal. The commitment to eliminate deforestation is a substantial driver for this reduction, as land use change is a major source of agricultural emissions.

The market is now rewarding low-carbon solutions.

GHG Emissions Target (2020 Baseline)	Target Reduction by 2030	2023 Progress
Scope 1 & 2 Emissions (Direct Operations)	25% Absolute Reduction	~15.8% Reduction (Combined Scope 1 & 2)
Scope 3 Emissions (Value Chain)	12% Absolute Reduction	10.6% Reduction

Water scarcity in processing regions necessitates significant investment in conservation technology.

Water is a critical input for both crop cultivation and Bunge's processing facilities, so managing scarcity is a strategic priority, especially in high-stress areas. The company has clear, measurable goals to manage this risk.

Bunge has a goal to reduce water consumption intensity by 10% per ton of production and a more aggressive target of 25% reduction in withdrawal intensity specifically for facilities located in high-water stress areas, both by 2026. This isn't just a policy; it requires real capital expenditure in new technologies and process improvements.

To give you a sense of scale, the company's total fresh surface water withdrawal in 2022 was over 11.5 million cubic meters, plus another 10.7 million cubic meters from groundwater sources. Managing this volume requires continuous investment in closed-loop systems and efficiency upgrades, which is why Bunge is executing an enhanced water strategy starting in 2023.

Bunge aims to achieve net-zero deforestation across its supply chains by 2025.

This is Bunge's industry-leading commitment and a major point of focus for the 2025 fiscal year. The goal is to achieve deforestation-free global supply chains by the end of 2025, covering both direct and indirect sourcing of key commodities like soy and palm oil.

The company is on track, having achieved a major milestone in late 2024: 100% traceability and monitoring of its direct and indirect soy purchases in the priority regions of the Cerrado biome in Brazil. This was done using a combination of satellite technology, remote sensing, and AI to monitor over 36,000 farms in South America.

The current progress shows how close they are to the 2025 target:

• Achieved 100% traceability for direct and indirect soy in the Brazilian Cerrado's priority regions (October 2024).
• 97% of soy volumes in priority regions of South America are deforestation and conversion free.
• Over 12.6 million hectares of native vegetation are preserved on monitored farms.

Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.