Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL): Analyse de Pestle [Jan-2025 Mise à jour]

Dans le paysage dynamique de l'éducation numérique, Duolingo est devenu une force transformatrice, révolutionnant l'apprentissage des langues grâce à une technologie innovante et à l'accessibilité mondiale. Cette analyse complète du pilon se plonge dans l'écosystème complexe du géant de la technologie ED, démêlant l'interaction complexe des facteurs politiques, économiques, sociologiques, technologiques, juridiques et environnementaux qui façonnent son parcours remarquable. Des algorithmes d'apprentissage axés sur l'IA à la navigation sur les paysages réglementaires internationaux, Duolingo représente une étude de cas convaincante sur la façon dont une plate-forme numérique peut transcender les frontières éducatives traditionnelles et créer un impact mondial significatif.

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs politiques

Ed-Tech Company basée aux États-Unis opérant sur plusieurs marchés internationaux

Duolingo opère dans 194 pays avec des plateformes d'apprentissage des langues. La base d'utilisateurs mondiaux de l'entreprise atteint 57,4 millions d'utilisateurs actifs mensuels au troisième trimestre 2023.

Pays	Complexité réglementaire	Pénétration du marché
États-Unis	Faible	38% du total des utilisateurs
Brésil	Moyen	12% du total des utilisateurs
Inde	Haut	8% du total des utilisateurs

Navigation des réglementations sur les technologies éducatives

Les principaux défis réglementaires comprennent:

• Conformité de la confidentialité des données dans l'Union européenne (RGPD)
• Règlement sur la protection en ligne des enfants
• Restrictions de contenu éducatif numérique en Chine
• Exigences de vérification de l'âge dans plusieurs juridictions

Impact de la politique gouvernementale sur l'éducation numérique

Les revenus de Duolingo étaient de 369,2 millions de dollars en 2022, avec une dépendance significative à l'égard des partenariats du gouvernement et des établissements d'enseignement.

Région	Influence de la politique technologique éducative	Adaptation du marché
Amérique du Nord	Politiques d'apprentissage numérique de soutien	Acceptation élevée de la plate-forme
Union européenne	Règlements stricts sur la protection des données	Adaptation à la plate-forme modérée
Asie-Pacifique	Règlements sur l'éducation numérique variable	Entrée du marché complexe

Tensions géopolitiques affectant l'expansion du marché

Les défis géopolitiques ont un impact sur la stratégie de croissance internationale de Duolingo, en particulier dans les régions ayant des restrictions technologiques.

• Russie: plate-forme bloquée depuis 2022
• Chine: accès limité au marché
• Iran: sanctions empêchant l'entrée du marché complet

Duolingo maintient le respect des réglementations commerciales internationales et adapte sa stratégie à la dynamique géopolitique.

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs économiques

Modèle commercial Freemium avec source de revenus basée sur l'abonnement

Le chiffre d'affaires de Duolingo pour l'exercice 2023 a atteint 521,9 millions de dollars, avec une croissance de 42% en glissement annuel. Les revenus d'abonnement de Duolingo Plus ont représenté 371,9 millions de dollars, ce qui représente 71% du chiffre d'affaires total.

Catégorie de revenus	Montant (2023)	Pourcentage du total des revenus
Revenus d'abonnement (Duolingo Plus)	371,9 millions de dollars	71%
Revenus publicitaires	150 millions de dollars	29%

Publicité numérique et monétisation des produits d'apprentissage des langues

Les revenus publicitaires numériques de Duolingo en 2023 étaient de 150 millions de dollars. Les revenus publicitaires de l'entreprise ont augmenté de 35% par rapport à l'année précédente.

Fluctuations économiques mondiales et tendances d'investissement du secteur technologique

Le cours des actions de Duolingo a fluctué entre 98,22 $ et 232,95 $ en 2023, reflétant la volatilité du secteur technologique. La capitalisation boursière de la société en décembre 2023 était d'environ 4,8 milliards de dollars.

Métrique financière	Valeur 2023
Gamme de cours des actions	$98.22 - $232.95
Capitalisation boursière	4,8 milliards de dollars
Revenu net	36,5 millions de dollars

Expansion du marché de la formation aux langues d'entreprise

Duolingo pour les écoles et le test d'anglais de Duolingo ont généré des sources de revenus supplémentaires. Le segment du test de compétence en anglais a généré environ 80 millions de dollars en 2023.

Segment de formation linguistique d'entreprise	Revenus de 2023
Test d'anglais de Duolingo	80 millions de dollars
Duolingo pour les écoles	Les revenus non divulgués séparément

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs sociaux

Capitalise sur la tendance mondiale de l'apprentissage des langues numériques

En 2024, Duolingo a rapporté 575 millions d'utilisateurs enregistrés à l'échelle mondiale. La pénétration du marché de l'apprentissage des langues de la plateforme montre une croissance significative dans différents segments démographiques.

Région	Pourcentage d'utilisateur	Focus d'apprentissage des langues primaires
Amérique du Nord	32%	Espagnol
Europe	28%	Anglais
l'Amérique latine	22%	Anglais
Asie-Pacifique	18%	Japonais, coréen

Fait appel à des générations plus jeunes et averties à la recherche d'une éducation flexible

La démographie des utilisateurs de Duolingo révèle 68% des utilisateurs ont entre 16 et 35 ans. L'utilisation des applications mobiles constitue 87% de l'engagement total de la plate-forme.

Groupe d'âge	Pourcentage d'utilisateurs	Temps d'apprentissage quotidien moyen
16-24	42%	23 minutes
25-35	26%	17 minutes
36-45	18%	12 minutes
45+	14%	8 minutes

Soutient l'échange culturel et les objectifs de communication mondiale

Duolingo Offre 40 cours de langue avec Options d'apprentissage de base à coût zéro. La plate-forme soutient la communication internationale dans divers horizons linguistiques.

Répond à la demande croissante d'éducation linguistique accessible et pratique

En 2024, Duolingo La base d'utilisateurs gratuite représente 97% du total des utilisateurs enregistrés. Le taux d'abonnement premium se situe à 3% avec un coût d'abonnement mensuel de 6,99 $.

Mode d'apprentissage	Engagement des utilisateurs	Taux d'achèvement moyen
Version gratuite	97%	35%
Duolingo Plus	3%	62%

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs technologiques

Algorithmes d'apprentissage par les langues ai-a-AI

Duolingo utilise des technologies de traitement avancé du langage naturel avec Plus de 500 millions de paramètres d'apprentissage automatique. Le processus d'algorithmes d'IA de l'entreprise 2,5 milliards d'interactions d'apprentissage des langues quotidiennement.

Métrique technologique de l'IA	Données quantitatives
Paramètres d'apprentissage automatique	Plus de 500 millions
Interactions de langage quotidien	2,5 milliards
Modèles linguistiques pris en charge	Plus de 40 langues
Précision de la personnalisation de l'IA	92.3%

Investissement continu dans l'apprentissage automatique et les technologies d'apprentissage adaptatif

Duolingo a investi 124,7 millions de dollars en R&D en 2023, représentant 23,6% du total des revenus de l'entreprise.

Métrique d'investissement technologique	2023 données
Dépenses de R&D	124,7 millions de dollars
Pourcentage de revenus	23.6%
Brevets d'apprentissage automatique	37
Innovations technologiques annuelles	12-15 mises à jour majeures

Plate-forme mobile d'abord avec compatibilité multiplateforme

Duolingo maintient 98,3% de compatibilité des plateformes mobiles sur les appareils iOS et Android, avec 76 millions d'utilisateurs mobiles actifs mensuels.

Métrique de la plate-forme mobile	Données quantitatives
Utilisateurs mobiles actifs mensuels	76 millions
Compatibilité de la plate-forme	98.3%
Notes de magasin mobile	4.7/5
Support multiplateforme	iOS, Android, Web

Tirer parti des techniques de gamification pour améliorer l'engagement des utilisateurs

Drives de stratégie de gamification de Duolingo Taux de rétention de 89,4% avec utilisateurs actifs quotidiens atteignant 57,4 millions.

Métrique de la gamification	Données quantitatives
Taux de rétention des utilisateurs	89.4%
Utilisateurs actifs quotidiens	57,4 millions
Taux d'entretien des stries	62.7%
Fonctionnalités de gamification	12 mécanismes d'engagement uniques

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs juridiques

Conformité aux réglementations internationales de confidentialité des données

Duolingo adhère à plusieurs cadres internationaux de confidentialité des données:

Règlement	Statut de conformité	Année de mise en œuvre
RGPD (Union européenne)	Compliance complète	2018
CCPA (Californie)	Conforme certifié	2020
Pipeda (Canada)	Conformité vérifiée	2019

Protéger la propriété intellectuelle du contenu d'apprentissage des langues

Portefeuille de propriété intellectuelle:

Catégorie IP	Nombre d'inscriptions	Juridictions couvertes
Marques	57	24 pays
Contenu protégé par le droit d'auteur	3 672 modules d'apprentissage uniques	Protection mondiale
Demandes de brevet	12 brevets actifs	États-Unis, Europe

Navigation des exigences de licence de technologie éducative

Métriques de conformité de l'octroi de licences:

Catégorie de licence	Pourcentage de conformité	Vérification annuelle
Licence de contenu éducatif	98.7%	Trimestriel
Autorisation de ressources linguistiques	96.5%	Bi-annuellement

Gérer la protection des données des utilisateurs dans plusieurs juridictions

Framework de protection des données utilisateur:

Juridiction	Centres de données	Niveau de chiffrement
États-Unis	3 centres de données primaires	Cryptage AES 256 bits
Union européenne	2 centres de données	Cryptage AES 256 bits
Asie-Pacifique	1 centre de données	Cryptage AES 256 bits

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) - Analyse du pilon: facteurs environnementaux

La plate-forme numérique minimise la consommation de ressources physiques

La plate-forme numérique de Duolingo réduit la consommation de papier de 100% par rapport aux documents traditionnels d'apprentissage des langues. La plate-forme élimine les manuels physiques, les classeurs et les ressources d'apprentissage imprimées.

Type de ressource	Réduction annuelle	Impact environnemental
Consommation de papier	Environ 500 000 kg	Équivalent à économiser 6 000 arbres par an
Imprimer	Zéro production physique	Contenu d'apprentissage numérique à 100%

Réduction de l'empreinte carbone d'apprentissage à distance

Le modèle d'apprentissage à distance de Duolingo réduit les émissions de carbone associées aux voyages éducatifs traditionnels d'environ 75%.

Type de voyage	Émissions moyennes de CO2	Pourcentage de réduction
Voyage des écoles de langues	1,2 tonnes métriques CO2 / étudiant / année	Réduction de 75% par la plate-forme numérique

Efficacité énergétique du cloud computing

Duolingo utilise Amazon Web Services (AWS) avec un engagement à 100% d'énergie renouvelable d'ici 2025. L'infrastructure cloud de la plate-forme réduit la consommation d'énergie d'environ 65% par rapport à l'infrastructure informatique traditionnelle.

Paramètre d'infrastructure	Performance actuelle	Objectif de durabilité
Efficacité énergétique	Réduction de 65% de la consommation d'énergie	100% d'énergie renouvelable d'ici 2025
Efficacité du serveur cloud	3,6x plus efficace que les centres de données sur site	Optimisation continue

Transformation d'éducation numérique durable

Duolingo soutient l'accessibilité de l'éducation mondiale avec un impact environnemental minimal, desservant 500 millions d'utilisateurs enregistrés via une plate-forme numérique zéro déchet.

Métrique de la durabilité	Performance actuelle	Avantage environnemental
Utilisateurs enregistrés	500 millions	Éducation mondiale avec un minimum d'empreinte carbone
Reach d'apprentissage numérique	Plus de 40 langues	Zéro consommation de ressources physiques

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) - PESTLE Analysis: Social factors

Rising Global Multiculturalism Fuels Demand for Language and Cross-Cultural Skills

The social landscape is defined by an accelerating trend toward global interconnectedness and multiculturalism, which directly boosts demand for the cross-cultural communication skills Duolingo, Inc. provides. This isn't just a soft trend; it's a significant market driver. The global language learning apps market size was valued at $7.36 billion in 2025 and is projected to reach $24.39 billion by 2033, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.15% over that period.

In the U.S. specifically, the large immigrant and multicultural population drives high demand for English and Spanish learning, creating a robust domestic market for the platform. This social shift means that learning a second or third language is moving from a niche hobby to a necessary career skill, so the total addressable market is defintely expanding beyond traditional education channels. Duolingo's extensive course catalog, which includes over 100 courses in 40+ languages, capitalizes on this need.

Core User Base Concentrated in the 18-24 Year Old Demographic, Favoring Mobile-First Learning

The company's success is deeply rooted in its alignment with the learning preferences of the younger, digitally native generations. The largest segment of the Duolingo user base is concentrated in the 18-24 year old demographic, with the 25-34 age bracket following closely. This cohort is inherently mobile-first, which is why the Duolingo app-the top-grossing app in the Education category on both Google Play and the Apple App Store-is perfectly positioned.

This demographic preference for bite-sized, on-the-go learning sessions is a massive social tailwind. The platform's format is designed for the modern attention span, which is why the average time spent on the app is relatively short, around 15 minutes and 39 seconds, but the daily frequency is high. The platform must continue to innovate its mobile experience to retain this core group.

Mission to Democratize Education Attracts a Massive Free User Base

Duolingo's core mission to develop the best education in the world and make it universally available is a powerful social magnet. This commitment to accessibility is what underpins its freemium business model, attracting hundreds of millions of users who might not otherwise afford language education. The platform reached a staggering 960 million cumulative downloads by the end of 2024.

The vast majority of its active community uses the product for free, which is a key social factor. Here's the quick math on the scale of the free user base as of Q2 2025:

Metric (Q2 2025)	Amount	Insight
Monthly Active Users (MAUs)	128.3 million	Total monthly reach.
Paid Subscribers	10.9 million	Users paying for premium features.
Estimated Free Users (MAUs - Subscribers)	~117.4 million	The core of the democratized education mission.

This huge, free user base provides a critical data flywheel, allowing the company to run over 750 A/B tests per quarter to constantly improve the learning efficacy for everyone.

Gamification Drives User Engagement

The social factor of gamification-making learning feel like a game-is the engine of user engagement. This design choice translates directly into industry-leading usage metrics. Daily Active Users (DAUs) reached approximately 47.7 million in Q2 2025, representing a strong 40% year-over-year growth.

The consistent daily habit is driven by game-like features like:

• Streaks: Rewarding daily practice consistency.
• Leaderboards: Tapping into social competition.
• In-app Currency (Gems): Used for power-ups and features.

The improved DAU-to-MAU ratio, which climbed to 37.2% in Q2 2025, is the clearest indicator of this social-design success; it shows that a higher percentage of the total monthly audience is making the app a daily habit. This engagement is crucial because, honestly, learning a language is hard, and Duolingo makes the motivation part easier.

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) - PESTLE Analysis: Technological factors

The technological landscape for Duolingo, Inc. is defined by its aggressive move to an 'AI-first' strategy, which is both a massive opportunity for scale and a significant structural risk for its content creation model. The company's core strength remains its mobile-first design, but its global growth is fundamentally tied to the uneven progress of internet infrastructure worldwide.

Generative AI is core, enabling the creation of 148 new courses in one year.

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the single biggest technological driver for Duolingo in 2025. This technology dramatically accelerated content production, allowing the company to launch 148 new language courses in a single year, which effectively doubled its prior course catalog.

To be fair, developing the first 100 courses took Duolingo about 12 years; the new AI-driven pace is unprecedented. This rapid scaling allows for much deeper market penetration, especially by offering courses for less common language pairs, like Japanese for Spanish speakers. This shift has also driven internal changes, with the company phasing out contractors for roles that AI can handle, underscoring a commitment to efficiency over traditional human-led content creation.

R&D spending is projected to increase by 33.77% in 2025, focusing heavily on AI features.

Duolingo's financial commitment to this AI-first model is clear in its Research and Development (R&D) spending. For the twelve months ending September 30, 2025, R&D expenses reached $0.293 billion. Here's the quick math: this represents a 33.77% year-over-year increase, a far more aggressive investment than the typical 15% to 20% growth seen in the broader EdTech sector.

This capital is not just for content; it funds the development of premium, AI-powered features like those in Duolingo Max, which uses large language models (LLMs) to provide personalized explanations and simulated conversational practice. This focus on AI infrastructure led to a rise in quarterly R&D expenses of 34% to $73.7 million in Q2 2025, demonstrating the high cost of maintaining a technological edge.

Metric (Fiscal Year 2025)	Value / Increase	Strategic Implication
R&D Expenses (TTM Sep 2025)	$0.293 billion	High investment in AI infrastructure and product innovation.
Y-o-Y Increase in R&D Spend	33.77%	Aggressive commitment to the 'AI-first' operating model.
New AI-Generated Courses (2025)	148 courses	Unprecedented content scaling, doubling the course catalog.

Mobile technology is the primary platform.

Duolingo is fundamentally a mobile application, and this platform choice is a massive technological advantage for global reach. While the specific company-wide percentage of users accessing via mobile versus desktop is proprietary, the entire product design, from bite-sized lessons to gamified streaks, is optimized for the smartphone. This mobile-first approach is crucial because it aligns with global internet usage trends.

The ubiquity of smartphones, even in emerging markets, allows Duolingo to reach a user base that surpassed 135.3 million monthly active users in Q3 2025. This is a low-friction, high-engagement model. Still, the company must continue to invest in platform optimization, especially for Android users, who represent a larger share of the global user base, particularly in high-growth regions like India.

Continued reliance on global internet penetration exposes the business to digital divide risks.

The business model relies entirely on internet access, and while global connectivity is growing, it remains a limiting factor. As of 2025, an estimated 6 billion people, or 74% of the world's population, are now online.

However, this means approximately 2.2 billion people remain offline, mostly concentrated in low-income countries and rural areas. This digital divide (the gap between those with and without digital access) is a long-term headwind for total addressable market (TAM) expansion. For example, internet use reaches 94% of people in high-income countries but only 23% in low-income countries. This disparity means Duolingo's growth will be slower in the very regions that need free education the most.

• Affordability: Data-only broadband remains unaffordable in roughly 60% of low- and middle-income countries.
• Access Quality: While 4G and 3G are widespread, 5G networks, which support the advanced features like Duolingo Max's video calls, only cover about 4% of the population in low-income countries.
• Offline Strategy: The company must defintely invest more in a robust offline-first strategy to mitigate this risk and continue penetrating these underserved markets.

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) - PESTLE Analysis: Legal factors

Strict data privacy laws, like GDPR and CCPA, require complex, costly compliance.

You're operating a global platform, so data privacy compliance is defintely a high-stakes, non-stop cost center. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the EU and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), as amended by the California Privacy Rights Act (CPRA), force Duolingo, Inc. to maintain complex, evolving data governance structures. This isn't just about avoiding a fine; it's the operational cost of managing user data across dozens of jurisdictions.

For instance, Duolingo's Privacy Policy was most recently updated in July 2025, reflecting continuous adjustments to these laws. Plus, the company must manage the fallout from past incidents, like the August 2023 data breach where personal information for approximately 2.6 million users was leaked due to an exposed API. That breach alone highlights the financial and reputational risk of inadequate security controls.

Here's the quick math on the compliance cost reality:

• Annual GDPR compliance monitoring and implementation costs for a large, complex organization can range from $20,500 to $102,500, not including the significant internal expense for security tools and employee training.
• The CPRA's enforcement penalties in California can reach $7,988 per intentional violation, which adds a substantial risk layer to US operations.

Non-compliance with GDPR could lead to fines up to 4% of global annual turnover.

The financial risk tied to GDPR non-compliance is staggering, and it's a number every investor needs to see clearly. The maximum fine under GDPR is the greater of €20 million or 4% of the company's total worldwide annual turnover. Based on Duolingo, Inc.'s full-year 2025 revenue guidance, this potential liability is massive.

Using the midpoint of the company's 2025 revenue forecast of approximately $1.015 billion, a maximum GDPR fine would be about $40.6 million. To be fair, this is a worst-case scenario, but the threat is real and forces substantial, proactive investment in legal counsel and data infrastructure. This potential fine is an order of magnitude larger than the ongoing compliance costs, making it a critical strategic risk.

Navigating varied educational content licensing and accreditation standards is crucial.

As Duolingo, Inc. moves further into the EdTech space, the legal and regulatory complexity of educational accreditation becomes a major factor. Unlike a simple game, a language course needs to meet certain academic standards to be taken seriously by users and institutions. The company has made a major commitment to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), which is a clear strategic move to gain credibility.

The legal challenge is ensuring their AI-generated content meets these standards globally. In April 2025, Duolingo launched 148 new language courses, a feat accomplished by leveraging generative AI. While efficient, this scale requires intense legal and academic oversight to ensure the content is not only accurate but also meets the educational quality standards required for institutional recognition in different countries.

What this estimate hides is the fragmentation of official recognition. For example, the Duolingo English Test (DET) is accepted by thousands of universities, but it is not currently on the UK Home Office's list of approved Secure English Language Tests (SELTs) for visa applications, which limits its use for immigration-related purposes.

Age verification requirements across multiple jurisdictions complicate user onboarding.

The global user base, which includes a significant number of minors, creates a patchwork of legal requirements that complicate the user experience and increase legal overhead. In the US, the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) sets the standard for online services used by children under 13.

However, the GDPR extends this complexity. While Duolingo, Inc.'s standard account minimum age is 13, some EU member states mandate a minimum age of 16 for processing personal data without explicit parental consent. This means a user in Germany might require a different onboarding flow and parental consent mechanism than a user in the US, adding friction and cost. The company must implement a system that dynamically adjusts privacy settings and consent forms based on the user's geographical location, which is a major engineering and legal task.

The table below summarizes the key age-related compliance differences:

Jurisdiction/Regulation	Minimum Age for Standard Account (No Parental Consent)	Primary Compliance Driver
United States	13 years old	COPPA (Children's Online Privacy Protection Act)
European Union (Some Member States)	16 years old	GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation)

Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) - PESTLE Analysis: Environmental factors

You're looking at Duolingo's environmental profile, and the direct takeaway is simple: as a pure-play digital platform, its environmental footprint is inherently minimal, but the real impact lies in the massive carbon savings it enables for its users. The company's core business model is a powerful offset against traditional education's environmental costs.

Minimal carbon footprint due to its fully digital platform structure

Duolingo's operational footprint is defintely low because it is a digital-first company, avoiding the large physical infrastructure of traditional educational institutions. The company itself acknowledges its overall environmental impact is minimal. However, the company does not provide comprehensive Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions data, which is a transparency gap to note. The most concrete environmental data comes from the Duolingo English Test (DET), which highlights the platform's inherent advantage in reducing emissions from travel and physical test centers.

Here's the quick math on the carbon cost of language testing, based on a June 2025 report:

Metric	Traditional In-Person English Test (Average)	Duolingo English Test (Remote Digital)	Reduction
CO₂e per test	14.3 kg of CO₂e	0.16 kg of CO₂e	98%
Primary Emission Driver	Student travel (average 175 km journey)	Student computer power consumption	Significant travel elimination

Digital learning reduces paper consumption by 100% compared to traditional methods

The Duolingo platform, with over 130 million monthly active users by early 2025, fundamentally eliminates the need for textbooks, workbooks, and printed materials. This core function translates to a near-total reduction in paper consumption for language learning and assessment, effectively a 100% reduction compared to a traditional, paper-based curriculum or testing environment. This isn't a minor benefit; it's a structural advantage of the EdTech (Educational Technology) model.

For context, the company's internal operations, while minimal, still focus on resource management, including:

• Implementing recycling and composting programs at its Pittsburgh headquarters.
• Selecting energy-efficient appliances and LED lighting in new office designs.
• Working to track utility and consumption data at all global office locations.

Cloud infrastructure utilizes Amazon Web Services (AWS) with a goal of 100% renewable energy by 2025

Duolingo relies heavily on cloud computing, primarily through Amazon Web Services (AWS), but also using other providers like Azure and Google Cloud Platform. The good news is that Duolingo benefits directly from its main provider's aggressive sustainability moves. Amazon met its goal of matching 100% of the electricity consumed by its global operations with renewable energy in 2023, a full seven years ahead of its original 2030 target, and continued this in 2024. So, the company's core digital service is already running on a platform that is carbon-matched, which is a huge win for its indirect (Scope 3) emissions.

What this estimate hides is the power consumption of end-user devices, which is a factor, but the shift of the server-side load to a renewable-matched cloud is a significant structural de-risking of the company's environmental footprint.

Remote learning model reduces carbon emissions associated with traditional educational travel

The remote learning and testing model is the biggest environmental opportunity for Duolingo. The elimination of travel for testing, as demonstrated by the DET, is a clear, quantifiable environmental benefit. For the UK higher education sector alone, the shift to digital testing for approximately 500,000 traditional tests per year is estimated to save 11,173 tonnes of CO₂e emissions annually. That's a huge carbon saving. Plus, it saves an estimated 1.03 million hours of student travel time, which is a major social and environmental benefit. This is a strong indicator of the positive environmental externality (an unpriced benefit) of Duolingo's entire remote learning business.

The action item here is clear: Duolingo Finance should work with the Investor Relations team to formally quantify and disclose this 'avoided emissions' metric in their next ESG report, using the DET data as a template for the entire learning app user base.