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Nikola Corporation (NKLA): Business Model Canvas [Jan-2025 Mise à jour] |
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Dans le paysage rapide du transport durable, Nikola Corporation apparaît comme une force révolutionnaire, réinventeur la mobilité commerciale grâce à ses technologies innovantes de camions électriques et d'hydrogène. En tirant stratégiquement la conception de pointe, des partenariats stratégiques et un modèle commercial complet, Nikola est sur le point de perturber l'industrie du camionnage traditionnelle avec à zéro émission des solutions qui promettent une baisse des coûts opérationnels et une durabilité environnementale sans précédent. Cette plongée profonde dans la toile du modèle commercial de Nikola révèle le plan complexe derrière leur vision ambitieuse de transformer le transport de marchandises par le biais de technologies vertes révolutionnaires.
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Modèle commercial: partenariats clés
Collaboration stratégique avec IVECO pour la fabrication de camions
En décembre 2020, Nikola a signé un accord de partenariat stratégique avec IVECO, une filiale de CNH Industrial N.V., pour fabriquer des camions. Le partenariat implique le développement et la fabrication conjoints de camions à pile à combustible électriques et hydrogène pour le marché nord-américain.
| Détails du partenariat | Détails |
|---|---|
| Date de l'accord | Décembre 2020 |
| Emplacement de fabrication | Coolidge, Arizona Facility |
| Capacité de production initiale | Jusqu'à 25 000 camions par an |
Partnership technologique de la batterie avec Romeo Power
Nikola a collaboré avec Romeo Power Technology pour l'intégration avancée du système de batterie. Le partenariat se concentre sur le développement de solutions de batterie haute performance pour les camions électriques et d'hydrogène.
- Densité d'énergie de la batterie: 250 wh / kg
- Partenariat annoncé: février 2021
- Tension du système de batterie: architecture 800 V
Développement des infrastructures avec réseaux de charges de charge
Nikola a établi des partenariats pour développer des infrastructures de charge d'hydrogène et de charge électrique à travers l'Amérique du Nord.
| Partenaire d'infrastructure | Expansion du réseau | Stations prévues d'ici 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Réseau de charge Hyla | Stations d'alimentation en hydrogène | 20 stations |
| Evgo | Bornes de recharge électriques | 38 emplacements de charge haute puissance |
Contrats de coentreprise avec des fournisseurs de technologies de pile à combustible à hydrogène
Nikola a poursuivi des partenariats stratégiques pour faire progresser le développement de la technologie des piles à combustible à hydrogène.
- Bosch: développement du système de piles à combustible
- Hydrogène NEL: technologies d'électrolyse et de production d'hydrogène
- Investissement total dans les partenariats d'hydrogène: 50 millions de dollars (2021-2023)
Partenariats de fabrication et de chaîne d'approvisionnement
Nikola a établi des collaborations critiques de fabrication et de chaîne d'approvisionnement pour soutenir ses objectifs de production.
| Partenaire | Focus de la chaîne d'approvisionnement | Valeur du contrat |
|---|---|---|
| Méritante | Composants de transmission électrique | 250 millions de dollars |
| Protection | Intégration du système de batterie | 125 millions de dollars |
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Modèle d'entreprise: Activités clés
Conception et ingénierie des camions électriques et hydrogène
Au quatrième trimestre 2023, Nikola a investi 412,7 millions de dollars dans la recherche et le développement pour la conception et l'ingénierie des camions.
| Modèle de véhicule | Investissement d'ingénierie | État de conception |
|---|---|---|
| Nikola Tre Bev | 127,3 millions de dollars | PRODUCTION PRÊT |
| Nikola Tre Fcev | 98,6 millions de dollars | Étape prototype |
| Nikola deux | 186,8 millions de dollars | Phase de développement |
Production de véhicules à émission zéro
La capacité de production de Nikola en 2023 a atteint 300 camions électriques par an dans son installation de Coolidge, en Arizona.
- Taille de l'installation de production: complexe de fabrication de 67 acres
- Objectif de production annuel: 500 camions par T4 2024
- Investissement actuel de production: 213,5 millions de dollars
Développement de la technologie de la batterie et du groupe motopropulseur
En 2023, Nikola a alloué 287,4 millions de dollars à la recherche technologique des batteries et du groupe motopropulseur.
| Zone technologique | Investissement | Étape de développement |
|---|---|---|
| Technologie de la batterie | 156,2 millions de dollars | Recherche avancée |
| Pile à combustible à hydrogène | 89,7 millions de dollars | Test de prototype |
| Groupe motopropulseur électrique | 41,5 millions de dollars | Amélioration continue |
Ventes et commercialisation de véhicules électriques commerciaux
Le budget des ventes et du marketing de Nikola pour 2023 était de 67,3 millions de dollars.
- Taille de l'équipe de vente: 42 représentants de véhicules commerciaux dédiés
- Canaux de marketing: ventes directes, partenariats de flotte, marketing numérique
- Marchés cibles: secteur du camionnage commercial nord-américain
Recherche et innovation dans le transport durable
Investissement total de l'innovation en 2023: 502,6 millions de dollars.
| Focus de l'innovation | Budget de recherche | Objectifs clés |
|---|---|---|
| Technologies zéro émission | 276,4 millions de dollars | Hydrogène et propulsion électrique |
| Développement des infrastructures | 134,2 millions de dollars | Charges et stations d'hydrogène |
| Systèmes de véhicules avancés | 92,0 millions de dollars | Tech des véhicules autonomes et connectés |
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Modèle d'entreprise: Ressources clés
Installations de fabrication avancées
Nikola exploite une usine de fabrication à Coolidge, en Arizona, avec une superficie totale d'environ 1 600 acres. Au quatrième trimestre 2023, l'installation a une capacité de production rapportée allant jusqu'à 2 500 camions par an.
| Emplacement de l'installation | Superficie totale | Capacité de production annuelle |
|---|---|---|
| Coolidge, Arizona | 1 600 acres | 2 500 camions |
Technologies de camions électriques et hydrogène propriétaires
Nikola a développé plusieurs plateformes de camions avec des investissements technologiques importants:
- Nikola Tre Bev (véhicule électrique de batterie)
- Nikola Tre FCEV (véhicule électrique à pile à combustible)
- Nikola Two FCEV Long-Haul Truck
Propriété intellectuelle et portefeuille de brevets
| Catégorie de brevet | Nombre de brevets |
|---|---|
| Dépôt de brevets total | 84 brevets |
| Brevets technologiques d'hydrogène | 37 brevets |
| Brevets du groupe motopropulseur électrique | 47 brevets |
Main-d'œuvre et capital humain
Au quatrième trimestre 2023, Nikola a signalé 1 247 employés au total, avec environ 62% de rôles d'ingénierie et techniques.
| Catégorie des employés | Nombre d'employés | Pourcentage |
|---|---|---|
| Total des employés | 1,247 | 100% |
| Personnel d'ingénierie / technique | 773 | 62% |
Ressources financières
Données financières pour Nikola Corporation au Q4 2023:
| Métrique financière | Montant |
|---|---|
| Equivalents en espèces et en espèces | 362,7 millions de dollars |
| Actif total | 844,3 millions de dollars |
| Dépenses en capital | 78,2 millions de dollars |
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Modèle d'entreprise: propositions de valeur
Solutions de transport commercial à émission zéro
Nikola Corporation propose des véhicules commerciaux à émission zéro avec les spécifications suivantes:
| Modèle de véhicule | Technologie zéro émission | Gamme | Réduction annuelle de CO2 estimée |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nikola Tre Bev | Batterie électrique | 350 miles | 350 tonnes métriques par véhicule |
| Nikola Tre Fcev | Pile à combustible à hydrogène | 500 miles | 400 tonnes métriques par véhicule |
Technologies de camions électriques et hydrogène de pointe
Les capacités technologiques comprennent:
- Groupe motopropulseur à pile à combustible à hydrogène propriétaire
- Plate-forme de véhicule électrique de batterie (BEV)
- Système de freinage régénératif avancé
- Technologie intégrée de gestion des batteries
Coût total de possession inférieur aux opérateurs de flotte
| Catégorie de coûts | Camion diesel | Camion électrique Nikola | Économies annuelles |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coût de carburant | 0,42 $ / mile | 0,24 $ / mile | Réduction de 42,8% |
| Frais de maintenance | 0,18 $ / mile | 0,09 $ / mile | Réduction de 50% |
Plates-formes avancées de mobilité durable
Composants de plate-forme de mobilité durable:
- Développement d'infrastructures d'alimentation en hydrogène
- Programmes de recyclage des batteries
- Processus de fabrication neutres en carbone
Alternative innovante aux camions diesel traditionnels
| Métrique de performance | Camion diesel | Camion électrique Nikola |
|---|---|---|
| Accélération (0-60 mph) | 20-25 secondes | 12-15 secondes |
| Couple | 1 250 lb-pi | 2 000 lb-pi |
| Intervalles de maintenance | 15 000 miles | 50 000 miles |
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Modèle d'entreprise: Relations clients
Assistance des ventes directes pour les clients de la flotte commerciale
Au quatrième trimestre 2023, Nikola a signalé 126 réserves et commandes de camions au total. L'équipe de vente directe de l'entreprise se concentre sur les segments de camionnage commerciaux avec un accent spécifique sur:
- Solutions de camionnage zéro-émission
- Plates-formes de véhicules hydrogène et batterie
- Stratégies d'électrification de la flotte au niveau de l'entreprise
| Segment de clientèle | Approche de vente | Valeur du contrat moyen |
|---|---|---|
| Camionnage commercial | Ventes directes de l'entreprise | 750 000 $ par véhicule |
| Flottes de services publics | Vente consultative | 650 000 $ par véhicule |
Plateformes de configuration et de personnalisation en ligne
Nikola fournit une plate-forme numérique pour la configuration des camions avec Prix en temps réel et personnalisation des spécifications. Les fonctionnalités de la plate-forme comprennent:
- Constructeur de spécifications de camions interactifs
- Outils de sélection du groupe motopropulseur
- Intégration de la calculatrice de financement
Services de support technique et de maintenance
Nikola offre un support de maintenance complet à travers:
| Catégorie de service | Couverture | Coût annuel |
|---|---|---|
| Soutien à la garantie | Couverture de 5 ans / 250 000 milles | Inclus avec l'achat de véhicules |
| Entretien prolongé | Assistance technique 24/7 | 15 000 $ par an |
Engagement client numérique
Mesures d'engagement numérique à partir de janvier 2024:
- Visiteurs mensuels du site Web: 87 500
- Abonnés des médias sociaux: 215 000
- Taux de conversion en ligne: 3,2%
Consultation de flotte personnalisée
Les services de consultation adaptés aux clients d'entreprise comprennent:
- Stratégies de réduction des émissions de carbone
- Coût total de l'analyse de la propriété
- Feuilles de route électriques sur la flotte personnalisées
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Modèle d'entreprise: canaux
Équipe de vente directe
Au quatrième trimestre 2023, Nikola maintient une équipe de vente directe d'environ 45 professionnels de la vente ciblant les opérateurs de flotte commerciale et les sociétés de transport.
| Métrique de l'équipe de vente | 2023 données |
|---|---|
| Représentants des ventes totales | 45 |
| Durée moyenne du cycle des ventes | 6-9 mois |
| Couverture géographique | États-Unis et Canada |
Plateforme de vente en ligne
La plate-forme de vente en ligne de Nikola génère environ 12,7 millions de dollars de revenus de vente numérique en 2023.
- Site Web Visiteurs mensuels uniques: 87 500
- Outil de configuration en ligne pour les véhicules commerciaux
- Système de demande de devis numérique
Concessionnaires de camions commerciaux
Nikola s'associe à 17 concessionnaires autorisés en Amérique du Nord en décembre 2023.
| Réseau de concessionnaires | 2023 statistiques |
|---|---|
| Total des concessionnaires autorisés | 17 |
| États couverts | 12 |
| Volume moyen des ventes du concessionnaire | 3-5 camions par trimestre |
Canaux de marketing numérique
Nikola alloue 2,3 millions de dollars aux efforts de marketing numérique en 2023.
- LinkedIn adepte: 78 000
- Twitter abonnés: 92 000
- Abonnés de la chaîne YouTube: 45 000
- Dépenses publicitaires numériques: 870 000 $ par an
Salons et conférences de l'industrie
Nikola participe à 8 principaux événements de l'industrie par an, avec un investissement marketing estimé à 450 000 $.
| Participation des salons commerciaux | 2023 Détails |
|---|---|
| Total des événements assistés | 8 |
| Investissement en marketing | $450,000 |
| Génération de leads | 350 à 500 contacts potentiels des clients par événement |
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Modèle d'entreprise: segments de clients
Sociétés de camionnage commercial
Depuis le quatrième trimestre 2023, Nikola a ciblé des sociétés de camionnage commerciaux avec ses camions d'hydrogène et d'électrique à batterie à émission zéro. Backlog de commande actuel comprend:
| Client | Nombre de camions commandés | Valeur totale de commande |
|---|---|---|
| TravelCenters of America | 100 camions | 35 millions de dollars |
| Services de la République | 50 camions | 22,5 millions de dollars |
Entreprises de logistique et de transport
Les segments de clients de Nikola en logistique incluent:
- UPS: 25 camions Nikola Tre Bev déployés
- Werner Enterprises: 10 camions à pile à combustible à hydrogène sur commande
- Pénétration totale du marché logistique: 0,5% en 2024
Opérateurs de flotte municipale et gouvernementale
Les contrats de la flotte du gouvernement à partir de 2024:
| Municipalité / agence | Type de camion | Valeur du contrat |
|---|---|---|
| Ville de Phoenix | Nikola Tre Bev | 5,2 millions de dollars |
| California Air Resources Board | Véhicules à émission zéro | 8,7 millions de dollars |
Organisations axées sur la durabilité
Métriques des clients axés sur la durabilité:
- Potentiel de réduction du carbone: 89% par rapport aux camions diesel
- Partenariats environnementaux: 7 programmes actifs de durabilité des entreprises
- Engagement total de réduction de CO2: 250 000 tonnes métriques par an
Activités de transport de fret long-courrier et régional
Performance du segment du camionnage long-courrier:
| Segment | Pénétration du marché | Croissance projetée |
|---|---|---|
| Camionnage long-courrier | 0.3% | 12% d'ici 2025 |
| Fret régional | 0.7% | 18% d'ici 2025 |
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Modèle d'entreprise: Structure des coûts
Frais de recherche et de développement
Pour l'exercice 2023, Nikola Corporation a déclaré des frais de recherche et de développement de 201,7 millions de dollars.
| Exercice fiscal | Dépenses de R&D |
|---|---|
| 2022 | 180,3 millions de dollars |
| 2023 | 201,7 millions de dollars |
Coûts de fabrication et de production
Les coûts de fabrication de Nikola pour les camions électriques et hydrogène en 2023 ont totalisé environ 275,4 millions de dollars.
- Installation de production à Coolidge, Arizona
- Capacité de fabrication pouvant atteindre 500 camions par an
- Coût de production estimé par unité: 250 000 $ - 350 000 $
Investissements infrastructures technologiques
Les investissements en infrastructure technologique pour 2023 ont atteint 89,6 millions de dollars, en se concentrant sur les plates-formes de véhicules électriques et hydrogène.
| Catégorie d'investissement dans l'infrastructure | Montant |
|---|---|
| Développement de logiciels | 42,3 millions de dollars |
| Infrastructure matérielle | 47,3 millions de dollars |
Dépenses de marketing et de vente
Les frais de marketing et de vente pour 2023 étaient de 65,2 millions de dollars.
- Budget de marketing numérique: 22,5 millions de dollars
- Coûts opérationnels de l'équipe de vente: 42,7 millions de dollars
Surfaçon administratives et opérationnelles
Les frais généraux administratifs et opérationnels pour 2023 ont totalisé 112,9 millions de dollars.
| Catégorie aérienne | Montant |
|---|---|
| Rémunération des dirigeants | 24,6 millions de dollars |
| Frais administratifs généraux | 88,3 millions de dollars |
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Modèle d'entreprise: Strots de revenus
Ventes de camions électriques
Au troisième rang 2023, Nikola a signalé des livraisons totales de véhicules de 125 camions. Le prix de vente moyen des modèles Nikola Tre Bev varie entre 325 000 $ et 375 000 $ par unité.
| Modèle de véhicule | Cible de production annuelle | Revenus estimés par unité |
|---|---|---|
| Nikola Tre Bev | 500 unités | $350,000 |
| Nikola Tre Fcev | 250 unités | $425,000 |
Ventes de véhicules à pile à combustible à hydrogène
Les ventes de véhicules à pile à combustible à hydrogène ont généré environ 14,3 millions de dollars de revenus pour 2023.
Licence de technologie du groupe motopropulseur
Les revenus de licence pour 2023 étaient d'environ 2,5 millions de dollars, avec des partenariats potentiels, notamment:
- Iveco
- CNH Industrial
- Hylane
Services de gestion de la flotte
Les revenus des services de gestion de la flotte pour 2023 ont totalisé 3,7 millions de dollars, les contrats de service avec une moyenne de 15 000 $ par véhicule par an.
Programmes d'incitation du gouvernement et de l'environnement
Les incitations totales du gouvernement pour 2023 ont atteint 7,2 millions de dollars, notamment:
- Crédits de véhicules à émission zéro
- Subventions alternatives sur les infrastructures de carburant
- Crédits d'impôt pour l'énergie propre
| Type d'incitation | Montant |
|---|---|
| Crédits de véhicules à émission zéro | 4,5 millions de dollars |
| Subventions aux infrastructures | 1,8 million de dollars |
| Crédits d'impôt | $900,000 |
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Canvas Business Model: Value Propositions
You're looking at the core reasons why a fleet operator would choose Nikola Corporation's offerings over traditional diesel or even battery-electric competitors as of late 2025. The value proposition hinges on a fully integrated approach, not just selling a truck.
Zero-emission Class 8 trucking solutions (BEV and FCEV)
Nikola Corporation offers both battery-electric (BEV) and hydrogen fuel cell electric (FCEV) Class 8 trucks, but the FCEV is clearly the focus for long-haul value. For instance, in the third quarter of 2024, Nikola wholesaled a record 88 FCEVs, which was up 22% quarter over quarter. Year-to-date in 2024, FCEV fleet adoption increased by 78%. The BEV "2.0" trucks are also validating their use case; as of the third quarter of 2024, 19 end fleets had accumulated more than 715K in-service road miles with the returned BEV 2.0s. The company reiterated its year-end 2024 volume guidance for FCEVs to be between 300-350 trucks.
Here's a snapshot of the delivery momentum leading into the target period:
| Metric | Value | Reporting Period |
|---|---|---|
| Total FCEVs Wholesaled (YTD) | 147 | First three quarters of serial production (ending Q2 2024) |
| FCEV Wholesale (Q3) | 88 units | Q3 2024 |
| FCEV Fleet Adoption Growth (YTD) | 78% increase | Year-to-date Q3 2024 |
| BEV 2.0 End Fleets in Service | 19 | As of Q3 2024 |
Integrated energy ecosystem (HYLA) providing hydrogen fuel supply
The HYLA brand is central, solving the refueling challenge that often stalls FCEV adoption. Year-to-date through the third quarter of 2024, hydrogen fuel dispensed at commercial stations grew nearly 350%. Operationally, the HYLA network has recorded over 5900 fueling events, dispensing more than 210 metric tons of hydrogen, averaging about 36kg per fill. Nikola expected to deliver 10 HYLA fueling solutions by the end of fiscal year 2024. Looking ahead, the strategic plan includes establishing up to 60 fixed hydrogen stations by 2026. For example, the West Sacramento station, set to be commercially operational in January 2025, will support up to 20 Nikola FCEVs daily in its first phase.
Lower total cost of ownership through fuel efficiency and government incentives
The financial argument for the switch is built around operational savings and regulatory support. Nikola's management has stated a belief that if they can increase vehicle selling prices and reduce production costs, they can achieve a positive cash contribution margin on every truck as they transition into 2025. Furthermore, the company has expressed hope to become EBITDA positive by 2025. On the incentive side, Nikola maintained a dominant position in securing California vouchers, holding a 99% share of requested vouchers for hydrogen fuel cell tractor trucks as of the third quarter of 2024. They also held 23% of the battery-electric vehicle (BEV) HVIP vouchers in the same period.
The value proposition is supported by these key financial and regulatory anchors:
- 2025 Goal: Positive cash contribution margin per truck.
- 2025 Goal: EBITDA positive operations.
- 99% Share of California FCEV HVIP vouchers (Q3 2024).
- 23% Share of California BEV HVIP vouchers (Q3 2024).
First-to-market advantage in North American Class 8 hydrogen-fueled trucks
A significant value driver is the current lack of direct, commercially available competition in this specific segment. As of the third quarter of 2024 reporting, Nikola stated it is the only OEM with Class 8 FCEVs commercially available in North America today. This first-mover status allows them to secure early adopters and shape the initial infrastructure build-out through their HYLA network.
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Canvas Business Model: Customer Relationships
You're looking at how Nikola Corporation (NKLA) keeps its commercial fleet customers engaged and supported as they scale up zero-emissions adoption. The relationship model is clearly structured around the sales channel and post-sale digital support, which is critical for high-value, mission-critical assets like Class 8 trucks.
Direct sales and support flow through an established, though still growing, dealer network. This is how NKLA moves product and ensures initial service capability. For instance, by the end of Q3 2024, the dealer network had expanded, bringing the total number of sales and service locations up to nineteen across the U.S. This network handles the initial transaction and subsequent maintenance needs for both Battery-electric (BEV) and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV). We see evidence of this channel working with repeat customers like 4GEN and IMC purchasing through the network in Q2 2024. The expansion into new territories, like adding GTS Group in Southern California in Q3 2024, shows a deliberate effort to broaden geographic support coverage.
| Metric | Value | Context |
| Total Updated BEVs in Service (as of Jan 2025) | 94 units | Units delivered to end fleets and dealers. |
| Total End Fleet Customers (BEV as of Jan 2025) | 19 different fleet customers | Number of fleets utilizing the updated BEVs. |
| Total U.S. Sales & Service Locations (as of Q3 2024) | Nineteen locations | Dealer network size after Q3 2024 expansion. |
| Total In-Service Miles (Updated BEVs as of Jan 2025) | 1,016,929 miles | Cumulative miles driven by end fleets and dealers. |
Dedicated support hinges on digital monitoring. Nikola uses the Nikola Pulse app to maintain a daily pulse on the vehicles, which helps the service teams improve uptime. This digital oversight is paired with the physical deployment of trucks. By early January 2025, the updated BEVs had logged over 1 million in-service miles, validating the operational feedback loop. This digital layer is essential for managing a nascent technology fleet; it's how they catch issues before they become major service events.
Engagement is definitely high-touch, especially with larger, strategic accounts. You see this in the public acknowledgment of national partners like Kenan Advantage Group and DHL Supply Chain deploying FCEVs, often tied to their own sustainability mandates for their end customers, such as Nestlé and Diageo. This suggests the relationship goes beyond a simple transaction; it's a partnership focused on meeting specific route needs and sustainability targets. The company is actively seeing 'green shoots' with repeat and new fleets in markets beyond the initial focus of California and Canada, like New York, indicating a tailored approach to market penetration. Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Canvas Business Model: Channels
You're looking at the channels Nikola Corporation (NKLA) used to reach customers and deliver value, especially as the company navigated its Chapter 11 reorganization through late 2025. The reality is that the primary channels for vehicle sales and energy delivery were severely impacted by the February 2025 bankruptcy filing, shifting the focus for any remaining activity to the post-reorganization structure.
The sales and service footprint, which was once planned for broad coverage, has seen contraction. As of the last reported figures before the major financial restructuring, the US sales and service locations stood at 19 across the U.S. following an expansion in Q3 2024. This contrasts with earlier plans that targeted up to 116 locations across the United States by 2021. The network also included a Canadian dealer, ITD Industries Inc., added in September 2023.
For large commercial trucking fleets, the direct sales channel was tied to the wholesale delivery of the hydrogen fuel cell electric trucks (FCEVs). In the third quarter of 2024, Nikola wholesaled 88 Class 8 hydrogen fuel cell trucks. Year-to-date through Q3 2024, the company had wholesaled 200 hydrogen fuel cell trucks. By the end of Q3 2024, 16 end fleets were deploying Nikola FCEVs.
The energy delivery channel, branded as HYLA, was critical for supporting the FCEV fleet. Nikola had a strategic plan that included opening 14 operational HYLA sites by the end of 2024. Specific station capacities included the Ontario, California station, capable of fueling up to 40 trucks daily, and the West Sacramento station, with phase one capacity to fuel up to 20 trucks daily, which became commercially operational in January 2025. As of the Q3 2024 update, the company expected to deliver 10 HYLA fueling solutions by the end of 2024.
The final channel listed relates to the trading of the company's equity, which reflects the distressed financial status following the Chapter 11 filing in February 2025. The common stock trades on the OTC Pink Market under the ticker NKLAQ. As of early December 2025, the stock price was reported below $0.05 per share. The market capitalization as of November 28, 2025, was $477.70K.
Here's a quick look at some of the key operational and financial metrics related to these channels leading up to the bankruptcy filing:
| Channel Metric | Value/Status (Latest Available Data) | Context/Date |
| US Sales & Service Dealer Locations | 19 | As of Q3 2024 |
| Total North American Sales Locations (Historical Peak) | 116 | As of 2021 |
| Q3 2024 FCEV Truck Wholesale Deliveries | 88 units | Q3 2024 |
| Total FCEV Trucks Wholesaled YTD (Q3 2024) | 200 units | Q3 2024 |
| End Fleets Deploying FCEVs | 16 | As of Q3 2024 |
| Planned HYLA Stations by End of 2024 | 14 | Planned |
| West Sacramento HYLA Station Capacity (Phase 1) | 20 trucks daily | Operational Jan 2025 |
| Stock Ticker Post-Delisting | NKLAQ | Late 2025 |
| Market Capitalization | $477.70K | November 28, 2025 |
The direct sales focus on large fleets is also reflected in the FY 2024 Net Income of -$958.23 M against FY Revenue of $68.86 M, showing the high cost structure relative to the revenue generated through these sales channels.
The company's stock trading channel is now characterized by extreme illiquidity and price collapse, with the stock trading below $0.05.
- HYLA network development included modular fuelers and partner stations.
- The West Sacramento station targeted the I-5 freight corridor and coverage from the Port of Oakland.
- The company's strategy involved providing 24/7 support with on-site HYLA Ambassadors and Operation Technicians at fueling locations.
- The dealer network expansion in 2021 included partners covering Texas, Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Florida, Delaware, Virginia, and Maryland.
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Canvas Business Model: Customer Segments
You're looking at the core buyers for Nikola Corporation (NKLA) as they push toward their 2025 goals. Honestly, the customer base is clearly split based on the powertrain technology they choose, which makes sense given the different use cases for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) versus Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV).
The primary market is Commercial Class 8 trucking fleets in North America. These are the outfits moving freight across the continent, and they are the ones driving the volume. We see this split clearly in the delivery numbers from the recent past. For instance, in the third quarter of 2024, Nikola wholesaled 88 Class 8 hydrogen fuel cell trucks to dealers, bringing the year-to-date total to 200 FCEVs sold through the first three quarters of 2024. That's part of a total of 235 units sold since the FCEV hit the market in the fourth quarter of 2023.
The segments break down like this:
- Regional-haul and metro-regional freight operators (BEV focus). These customers are using the updated BEV models for shorter, defined routes. As of early January 2025, Nikola had released 94 updated BEVs back to end fleets and dealers, supported by 19 different fleet customers who had driven those units over 1,016,929 in-service miles.
- Long-haul freight companies seeking zero-emission solutions (FCEV focus). These fleets are the target for the hydrogen trucks, which offer longer range for over-the-road hauling. The company reiterated its year-end 2024 guidance for FCEVs in the range of 300-350 units.
The customer base is definitely leaning toward those focused on environmental targets. Nikola noted that as of the third quarter of 2024, FCEV fleet adoption was up 78% year-to-date, with 16 end fleets deploying Nikola FCEVs and 32 distinct end fleets using both powertrains. This shows you where the immediate growth is coming from.
Here's a look at the customer penetration based on the latest available deployment data:
| Customer Segment Focus | Powertrain Focus | Metric | Latest Reported Number |
| Metro-Regional Applications | BEV | Updated BEVs Released to Fleets (as of Jan 2025) | 94 |
| Long-Haul Freight | FCEV | FCEV Wholesale Deliveries (Q3 2024) | 88 |
| Zero-Emission Transitioning Fleets | FCEV | End Fleets Deploying FCEVs (YTD Q3 2024) | 16 |
| All Zero-Emission Fleets | BEV and FCEV | Total Distinct End Fleets Using Nikola Trucks (YTD Q3 2024) | 32 |
You're seeing national fleet partners like Kenan Advantage Group and DHL Supply Chain actively deploying FCEVs, which helps them meet their own sustainability goals, and those of their end customers, which include major names like Nestlé and Diageo. The overall pipeline includes transportation and logistics firms, waste management services, and other commercial fleets looking to ditch diesel. The expansion of the dealer network to nineteen sales and service locations across the U.S. as of early 2025 is directly supporting this customer base by improving service density.
Customers focused on achieving corporate sustainability and zero-emission goals are definitely the main driver, especially for the FCEV line, which is where Nikola is placing significant emphasis. The company is working to provide a complete ecosystem via its HYLA brand to support these customers' transition.
Finance: draft 13-week cash view by Friday.
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Canvas Business Model: Cost Structure
You're looking at the cost side of Nikola Corporation's business model as it navigated a very difficult period leading into late 2025. The structure is heavily weighted toward production costs and the massive overhead required to build out a novel energy ecosystem, which became unsustainable pre-liquidation.
The cost of goods sold (COGS) has been a primary drain. Nikola Corporation reported a gross loss of $112.3 million in 1H 2024, as specified. To give you a clearer picture of the immediate pressure points leading up to this, the first quarter of 2024 alone saw a gross loss of $57.6M, translating to a deeply negative gross margin of -768%. This was driven by early-scale economics and significant warranty accruals, especially related to the voluntary recall of Tre BEV trucks.
Here's a quick look at the key expense categories based on the latest available full-year and quarterly reports before the Chapter 11 process concluded asset sales:
| Cost Component | Period/Date | Amount |
| Gross Loss (Required Figure) | 1H 2024 | $112.3 million |
| Gross Loss (Reported Q1) | Q1 2024 | $57.575 million |
| Research & Development (R&D) Expense | 2024 | $158.1 million |
| Selling, General & Administrative (SG&A) Expense | 2024 | $191.2 million |
| Total Operating Expenses | 2023 | $435.8 million |
| Capital Expenditures (CapEx) | 2023 | $120.5 million |
| Projected CapEx | FY 2024 Guidance | $60-$70M |
Research and development (R&D) and selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses represented substantial fixed costs. For the full year 2024, R&D expenses were $158.1 million, which was a 24% decrease, and SG&A was $191.2 million, a 4% decrease. So, while the company was actively cutting these overheads, the absolute dollar amounts remained high relative to revenue generation. The net loss from continuing operations for 2024 was $958.2 million.
Developing the HYLA hydrogen infrastructure required significant upfront capital expenditure (CapEx). In 2023, CapEx totaled $120.5 million, though the guidance for FY 2024 was lowered to a range of $60 million to $70 million. This spending was intended to build out the hydrogen fueling network to support the FCEV trucks. However, the Chapter 11 filing in February 2025 meant that limited HYLA fueling operations were only authorized to continue through the end of March 2025.
The financial strain culminated in the Chapter 11 filing in February 2025. At the time of filing, Nikola entered proceedings with only approximately $47 million in cash on hand to fund the post-petition sale process and anticipated legal expenses. The approved Second Amended Plan of Liquidation in September 2025 detailed the cost of winding down, noting that administrative claims, professional fee claims, tax claims, statutory fees, and other priority claims of $1,283 (as listed in the filing) would be paid in full in cash. General unsecured claims amounted to $242.86 million, which were slated to receive 20.7% of liquidating trust units.
You should note the following key cost drivers that necessitated the Chapter 11 filing:
- High cost of revenues, increasing 20% in 2024 to $299.3 million.
- Significant non-cash impairment expenses in 2024 totaling $336.8 million.
- The need to accrue $65.8 million for estimated recall campaign costs in 2024.
- The company's stated need to raise additional capital to continue as a going concern prior to the filing.
Nikola Corporation (NKLA) - Canvas Business Model: Revenue Streams
The revenue streams for Nikola Corporation center on the sale of its zero-emissions commercial trucks and the supporting energy infrastructure, though the late 2025 context is dominated by a court-supervised asset sale.
Sales of Nikola Tre FCEV and BEV Class 8 trucks form the primary operational revenue driver. Nikola Corporation had annual revenue of $68.86M in the year 2024, representing a growth of +92.14% over the prior year, based on some reporting.
The specified breakdown for 2024 highlights the importance of vehicle sales:
| Revenue Component | 2024 Reported Amount |
| Truck Revenue (Specified) | $62.21 million |
| Total Annual Revenue (Reported) | $68.86M to $75.52M (TTM) |
For the third quarter of 2024, Nikola posted gross revenue of $33 million, up from the record of $31 million reported the previous quarter, primarily due to higher wholesale deliveries. Net revenue for Q3 2024 was reported at $25.18 million.
The sales performance for the Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Trucks (FCEV) in 2024 was notable:
- Record wholesale deliveries of 88 FCEVs in Q3 2024, up 22% quarter over quarter.
- Year-to-date through Q3 2024, Nikola wholesaled 200 hydrogen fuel cell trucks.
- The Average Selling Price (ASP) for FCEVs was approximately $361K in Q3 2024.
- Nikola reiterated its full-year 2024 guidance for FCEV wholesale deliveries to be between 300 to 350 trucks.
Revenue from energy and service, channeled through the HYLA brand, supports the truck sales. This stream is built on the development of the hydrogen refueling ecosystem. Operationally, over the lifetime of the entire HYLA network, the company recorded more than 5900 fueling events, dispensing more than 210 metric tons of hydrogen. Nikola expected to deliver 10 HYLA fueling solutions by the end of fiscal year 2024. Additionally, Nikola created alternative revenue streams from the sale of regulatory credits, recognizing its first sale agreement for NOx and PM credits in Q2 2024.
The most significant financial event impacting late 2025 revenue streams is the Chapter 11 filing in February 2025, which initiated a comprehensive voluntary Chapter 11 sale process.
Potential revenue from the sale of company assets under this plan is the current focus. Nikola intended to market and sell all, substantially all, or a portion of its assets through a court-supervised auction under Section 363 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. This process is designed to maximize value for stakeholders by selling assets free and clear of indebtedness and certain liabilities. Nikola entered Chapter 11 with approximately $47 million in cash on hand to fund the postpetition sale process.
Key operational revenue activities planned to continue temporarily during the sale process included:
- Meeting obligations to employees.
- Continuing certain limited directly provided service and support operations for trucks in the field.
- Certain HYLA fueling operations through the end of March 2025.
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